Long-term Outcomes of PRP Injections for Post-viral Olfactory Loss: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections have previously been shown to benefit coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced smell loss. It is unknown if that benefit is stable over time. The aim of this study was to assess outcomes at 1-year post-intervention.

Pro-inflammatory markers associated with COVID-19-related persistent olfactory dysfunction.

Introduction: While localized inflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of acute coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) olfactory dysfunction (OD), persistent COVID-19 OD remains poorly understood with limited therapeutics. Our prospective study evaluated olfactory cleft (OC) biomarkers as predictors of persistent OD in mucus sampling.

Methods: COVID-19 subjects with persistent OD >3 months confirmed by psychophysical olfaction tests were compared to COVID-19 subjects with no OD and those with no prior infection.

Fluorescent Guided Sentinel Lymph Mapping of the Oral Cavity with Fluorescent-Labeled Tilmanocept.

Objective: With the shift toward utilization of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in oral cavity cancer, improved techniques for intraoperative sentinel node identification are needed. This study investigates the feasibility of fluorescently labeled tilmanoscept in SLNB in an oral cancer rabbit model.

Methods: An animal study was designed using 21 healthy male New Zealand rabbits.

Use of platelet-rich plasma for COVID-19-related olfactory loss: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The current study evaluated the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood product with supraphysiologic concentrations of growth factors, in the treatment of prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related smell loss.

Methods: This multi-institutional, randomized controlled trial recruited patients with COVID-19 who had objectively measured smell loss (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test [UPSIT] ≤ 33) between 6 and 12 months. Patients were randomized to three intranasal injections of either PRP or sterile saline into their olfactory clefts.

Impact of COVID-19 versus chronic rhinosinusitis/rhinitis associated olfactory dysfunction on health utility and quality of life.

Background: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is associated with both post-viral and inflammatory etiologies such as COVID-19 and chronic rhinosinusitis/rhinitis (CRS/R) respectively, to result in reduced quality of life (QoL). However, the former typically induces a sudden-onset OD while the latter has a gradual presentation. This study aims to establish and compare health utility values (HUVs) and olfactory-specific QoL measurements between patients with COVID-19 and CRS/R related OD.

Role of sentinel lymph node biopsy for oral squamous cell carcinoma: Current evidence and future challenges.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been used across oncological specialties for prognostication, staging, and identification of occult nodal metastasis. Recent studies demonstrated the potential clinical utility of SLNB in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). Elective neck dissection is the current standard of care in early management of OCSCC with depth of invasion greater than 2-4 mm; however, majority of patients ultimately do not have nodal disease on final pathology.

Retained Dental Implant in the Maxillary Sinus.

Implant dentistry has become a popularized means of replacing damaged or missing teeth. Although it has become common practice, there are accounts of implants displacing into surrounding structures, commonly the maxillary sinus. We present the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with chronic left sided pain and pressure found to be secondary to a displaced implant obstructing the left maxillary outflow sinus tract.

Persistent post-COVID-19 smell loss is associated with inflammatory infiltration and altered olfactory epithelial gene expression.

Most human subjects infected by SARS-CoV-2 report an acute alteration in their sense of smell, and more than 25% of COVID patients report lasting olfactory dysfunction. While animal studies and human autopsy tissues have suggested mechanisms underlying acute loss of smell, the pathophysiology that underlies persistent smell loss remains unclear. Here we combine objective measurements of smell loss in patients suffering from post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) with single cell sequencing and histology of the olfactory epithelium (OE).

Engineering analysis of aortic wall stress and root dilatation in the V-shape surgery for treatment of ascending aortic aneurysms.

Objectives: The study objective was to evaluate the aortic wall stress and root dilatation before and after the novel V-shape surgery for the treatment of ascending aortic aneurysms and root ectasia.

Methods: Clinical cardiac computed tomography images were obtained for 14 patients [median age, 65 years (range, 33-78); 10 (71%) males] who underwent the V-shape surgery. For 10 of the 14 patients, the computed tomography images of the whole aorta pre- and post-surgery were available, and finite element simulations were performed to obtain the stress distributions of the aortic wall at pre- and post-surgery states.

A novel computational growth framework for biological tissues: Application to growth of aortic root aneurysm repaired by the V-shape surgery.

Ascending aortic aneurysms (AsAA) often include the dilatation of sinotubular junction (STJ) and extend proximally into the aortic root, which usually leads to aortic insufficiency. The novel surgery of the V-shape resection of the noncoronary sinus, for treatment of AsAA with root ectasia, has been shown to be a simpler procedure compared to traditional surgeries. Our previous study showed that the repaired aortic root aneurysms grew after the surgery.

Clinical factors associated with lower health scores in COVID-19-related persistent olfactory dysfunction.

Background: Patients with persistent COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction (OD) commonly report parosmia. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 OD and parosmia is critical to prioritizing research and interventions. In this study we investigate the impact of parosmia and other clinical and disease characteristics on health state utility values (HUVs) for those with persistent COVID-19 OD.

Discordance Between Subjective and Objective Measures of Smell and Taste in US Adults.

Objective: Examine the rates and factors associated with under- and overreporting of subjective changes in smell or taste as compared with objective measures.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014).

Smell and Taste Impairment in a Nationwide Sample of US Adults With Chronic Rhinosinusitis Symptoms.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of objectively confirmed olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in US adults reporting chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) symptoms in a nationally representative database.

Study Design: Cross-sectional epidemiologic analysis.

Setting: Data were analyzed from the smell and taste component of the 2013-2014 NHANES data set (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey).

Association Between Olfactory Dysfunction and Mortality in US Adults.

Importance: A study of olfactory dysfunction and mortality in a large national cohort will aid in better understanding their association when accounting for multiple relevant factors and possible underlying mechanisms.

Objective: To investigate the association of olfactory dysfunction with all-cause 5-year mortality in US adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included participants 40 years or older from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey who had data on olfaction and mortality (n = 3503).

Celiac disease serology and gut microbiome following proton pump inhibitor treatment.

Background: Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy characterized by an aberrant immune response to ingested gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Studies have pointed to a rising prevalence of celiac disease in recent decades. Changes in diet and use of medication that may impact the gut microbiome have been suggested as potential contributors.