Limited HIV-2 reservoirs in central-memory CD4 T-cells associated to CXCR6 co-receptor expression in attenuated HIV-2 infection.

The low pathogenicity and replicative potential of HIV-2 are still poorly understood. We investigated whether HIV-2 reservoirs might follow the peculiar distribution reported in models of attenuated HIV-1/SIV infections, i.e.

Immunogenicity and safety of yellow fever vaccine in HIV-1-infected patients.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate immunogenicity and safety of the yellow fever vaccine (YFV) in HIV-infected (HIV+) patients with high CD4 T-cell counts.

Design: In this prospective, comparative study of YFV-naive adults: 40 HIV+ under antiretroviral therapy (ART) with CD4 T-cell count above 350 cells/μl and plasma HIV-RNA less than 50 copies/ml for at least 6 months and 31 HIV-negative (HIV-) received one injection of the YF-17D strain vaccine.

Methods: Serologic response was assessed by using a plaque reduction neutralizing test and YFV-specific T cells by using an INFγ-Elispot assay.

HIV-Specific B Cell Frequency Correlates with Neutralization Breadth in Patients Naturally Controlling HIV-Infection.

HIV-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have been isolated from patients with high viremia but also from HIV controllers that repress HIV-1 replication. In these elite controllers (ECs), multiple parameters contribute to viral suppression, including genetic factors and immune responses. Defining the immune correlates associated with the generation of bnAbs may help in designing efficient immunotherapies.

Comprehensive Mass Cytometry Analysis of Cell Cycle, Activation, and Coinhibitory Receptors Expression in CD4 T Cells from Healthy and HIV-Infected Individuals.

Rationale: Mass cytometry allows large multiplex analysis of cell cycle stages together with differentiation, activation, and exhaustion markers, allowing further assessment of the quiescence status of resting CD4 T cells.

Methods: Peripheral blood CD4 T lymphocytes from 8 individuals, 4 healthy donors, and 4 HIV-infected on antiretroviral treatment (T) were stained with the same 26 monoclonal antibodies and dyes targeting surface and intracellular markers of differentiation, activation, exhaustion, and cell cycle stages. Samples were run on a CYTOF-2.