Association of Positive Airway Pressure Adherence with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

There are controversies regarding the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) on diabetes-related outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to explore the association of PAP adherence with diabetes-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and OSA. In this prospective study, we included T2DM patients diagnosed with OSA during an 8-year period (2015-2023).

Two women with unexplained dyspnoea: removing the blame game from the lungs.

https://bit.ly/4bTP8fJ.

Sex differences in sleep and sleep-disordered breathing.

Purpose Of Review: There is increasing evidence for relevant sex differences in pathophysiology, symptom presentation and outcomes in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, research on sex differences and sex-specific phenotypes in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is still in its infancy and data on sex differences in other SDB is still very scarce.

Recent Findings: While OSA is more common in men than in premenopausal women, the prevalence of OSA doubles postmenopausally and becomes comparable to that of men.

Vitamin D deficiency: A forgotten aspect in sleep disorders? A critical update.

Over the past few years, there has been a surge in interest regarding the connection between sleep duration and quality, sleep disorders, mainly Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and Vitamin D. There is growing evidence to support a new role of Vitamin D in the maintenance and regulation of optimal sleep. Furthermore, a notable link has been identified between OSA and a decrease in serum Vitamin D levels, which appears to intensify as the severity of sleep apnea worsens.

Autonomic nervous system dysregulation in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.

Aim: To investigate the role of autonomic nervous system in subpopulations of children with enuresis.

Methods: We included 35 children with enuresis, divided in children with (17) and without nocturnal polyuria (18) and 43 healthy controls. For all participants hormones and neurotransmitters were measured.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Overlap Syndrome.

Overlap syndrome (OVS) is a distinct clinical entity that seems to result in potential cardiovascular consequences. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for OVS in OSA patients and analyze clinical and PSG characteristics associated with OVS. In this cross-sectional study, 2616 patients evaluated for OSA underwent type-1 polysomnography (PSG).

ERS International Congress 2023: highlights from the Sleep Disordered Breathing Assembly.

The topic of sleep-related breathing disorders is always evolving, and during the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress 2023 in Milan, Italy, the latest research and clinical topics in respiratory medicine were presented. The most interesting issues included new diagnostic tools, such as cardiovascular parameters and artificial intelligence, pathophysiological traits of sleep disordered breathing from routine polysomnography or polygraphy signals, and new biomarkers and the diagnostic approach in patients with excessive daytime sleepiness. This article summarises the most relevant studies and topics presented at the ERS International Congress 2023.

Co-existence of OSA and respiratory diseases and the influence of gender.

Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is commonly associated with respiratory diseases, such as COPD, asthma and interstitial lung disease.

Areas Covered: This narrative review aims to comprehensively synthesize the existing information on SDB in respiratory diseases, investigate the role of gender in this association, and highlight the importance of OSA management in improving sleep, quality of life, and disease prognosis in these specific patient populations.

Expert Opinion: Research indicates a synergistic link between OSA and chronic respiratory diseases, which leads to greater morbidity and mortality compared to each disorder alone.

Association of Vitamin B12 Levels with Sleep Quality, Insomnia, and Sleepiness in Adult Primary Healthcare Users in Greece.

Despite vitamin B12's recognized importance for the nervous system, there is still a lack of research on the association between vitamin B12 and sleep, especially in primary care settings. We assessed vitamin B12 levels in adult primary healthcare users and investigated correlations with sleep quality, insomnia, and sleepiness. In this cross-sectional study, 512 consecutive participants were included.

Blood pressure control in hypertensive sleep apnoea patients of the European Sleep Apnea Database cohort - effects of positive airway pressure and antihypertensive medication.

Aims: We analysed longitudinal blood pressure (BP) data from hypertensive obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients in the European Sleep Apnea Database cohort. The study investigated the interaction between positive airway pressure (PAP)-induced BP change and antihypertensive treatment (AHT).

Methods And Results: Hypertensive patients with AHT [monotherapy/dual therapy = 1283/652, mean age 59.

Sleep and Breathing Conference highlights 2023: a summary by ERS Assembly 4.

https://bit.ly/46MxJml.

Sleep Quality and Fatigue during Exam Periods in University Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors.

The aim of our study was to assess university students' sleep quality and fatigue before and during the academic exam period and identify potential associated factors. A Web-based survey was completed by 940 students of 20 different Tertiary Institutions including demographics, sleep habits, exercise, caffeine, tobacco, alcohol use, subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-PSQI), and fatigue (Fatigue severity scale-FSS) at the beginning of the semester and during the examination period. During the exam period, PSQI (8.

A Dietary and Lifestyle Intervention Improves Treatment Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

The study's objective was to assess the impact of Mediterranean diet/lifestyle interventions for weight loss on positive airway pressure (PAP) adherence, body mass index (ΒΜΙ), sleepiness, and blood pressure measurements (BP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We designed a randomized, controlled trial, including overweight and obese patients with moderate to severe OSA, randomized to standard care (SCG, n = 37) or a Mediterranean diet group (MDG, n = 37). The SCG received healthy lifestyle advice, while the MDG underwent a 6-month behavioral intervention aiming to enhance weight loss and adherence to a Mediterranean diet.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on positive airway pressure adherence and patients' perspectives in Greece: the role of telemedicine.

Study Objectives: To analyze the impact of national lockdowns in Greece on positive airway pressure adherence, patients' perspectives regarding COVID-19 pandemic and the role of telemedicine.

Methods: 872 obstructive sleep apnea patients from southern and 673 from northern Greece, under positive airway pressure treatment, were evaluated with adherence data available 12 months prior to and 3 months after the first and second lockdown. Telemedicine, locally available as part of a research protocol, was used for patient's follow-up in southern Greece and standard follow-up procedures were implemented in northern Greece.

ERS International Congress 2022: highlights from the Sleep Disordered Breathing Assembly.

During the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress 2022 in Barcelona, Spain, the latest research and clinical topics in respiratory medicine were presented. The sleep medicine-focused presentations and symposia provided novel insights into the pathophysiology of sleep disordered breathing, its diagnostics, and new trends in translational research and clinical applications. The presented research trends focused mainly on the assessment of sleep disordered breathing-related intermittent hypoxia, inflammation and sleep fragmentation, and their implications, especially cardiovascular.

Overlaps between obstructive sleep apnoea and other respiratory diseases, including COPD, asthma and interstitial lung disease.

Unlabelled: In the past, there was limited research relating to the role of sleep in respiratory diseases. Physicians treating these patients tended to focus mainly on the daily disabling symptoms, overlooking the possible significant role of coexisting sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Nowadays, OSA has been recognised as an important, highly prevalent comorbidity for respiratory diseases such as COPD, asthma and interstitial lung diseases (ILDs).

CPAP for secondary cardiovascular prevention in obstructive sleep apnoea patients: not only one moon, but many stars.

While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy has a strong evidence base for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), its impact on cardiovascular comorbidity remains unclear. This journal club reviews three recent randomised controlled trials aimed to evaluate the impact of CPAP therapy in secondary prevention of cerebrovascular and coronary heart disease (SAVE trial), comorbid coronary heart disease (RICCADSA trial) and in patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ISAACC trial). All three trials included patients with moderate-to-severe OSA and excluded patients with severe daytime sleepiness.

Evaluation of Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Patients with Respiratory Disorders in Greece.

: Patients with respiratory disorders often have additional diseases and are usually treated with more than one medication to manage their respiratory conditions as well as additional comorbidities. Thus, they are frequently exposed to polypharmacy (≥5 drugs), which raises the risk for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this work, we present the results regarding the prevalence of DDIs in hospitalized patients with respiratory disorders in Greece.

Arterial bicarbonate is associated with hypoxic burden and uncontrolled hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea - The ESADA cohort.

Objective: Blood bicarbonate concentration plays an important role for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients to maintain acid-base balance. We investigated the association between arterial standard bicarbonate ([HCO3]) and nocturnal hypoxia as well as comorbid hypertension in OSA.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 3329 patients in the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) was performed.

Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Overlap Syndrome, Is It Associated with Disease Severity?

Background: The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been defined as overlap syndrome (OVS). Recently, a link between OSA, COPD and Vitamin D (Vit D) serum concentration was reported, however, evidence regarding Vit D status in patients with OVS is scarce. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Vit D serum levels and to explore the association of those levels with anthropometric, pulmonary function and sleep parameters in patients with OVS.