A Novel mHealth App for Smokers Living With HIV Who Are Ambivalent About Quitting Smoking: Formative Research and Randomized Feasibility Study.

Background: More people who smoke and are living with HIV now die from tobacco-related diseases than HIV itself. Most people are ambivalent about quitting smoking and want to quit someday but not yet. Scalable, effective interventions are needed to motivate and support smoking cessation among people ambivalent about quitting smoking (PAQS) who are living with HIV.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Potential Impact of a Novel mHealth App for Smokers Ambivalent About Quitting: Randomized Pilot Study.

Background: Most smokers are ambivalent about quitting-they want to quit someday, but not now. Interventions are needed that can engage ambivalent smokers, build their motivation for quitting, and support future quit attempts. Mobile health (mHealth) apps offer a cost-effective platform for such interventions, but research is needed to inform their optimal design and assess their acceptability, feasibility, and potential effectiveness.

Parent Priorities in End-of-Life Care for Children With Cancer.

Importance: Robust quality measures to benchmark end-of-life care for children with cancer do not currently exist; 28 candidate patient-centered quality measures were previously developed.

Objective: To prioritize quality measures among parents who lost a child to cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study was conducted using an electronic, cross-sectional discrete choice experiment (DCE) with maximum difference scaling from January to June 2021 in the US.

Perceived Appropriateness of Assessing for Health-related Socioeconomic Risks Among Adult Patients with Cancer.

Unlabelled: Cancer treatment can trigger or exacerbate health-related socioeconomic risks (HRSR; food/housing insecurity, transportation/utilities difficulties, and interpersonal violence). The American Cancer Society and National Cancer Institute recommend HRSR screening and referral, but little research has examined the perceptions of patients with cancer on the appropriateness of HRSR screening in healthcare settings. We examined whether HRSR status, desire for assistance with HRSRs, and sociodemographic and health care-related factors were associated with perceived appropriateness of HRSR screening in health care settings and comfort with HRSR documentation in electronic health records (EHR).

Incarceration status and cancer mortality: A population-based study.

Background: The complex relationship between incarceration and cancer survival has not been thoroughly evaluated. We assessed whether cancer diagnosis during incarceration or the immediate post-release period is associated with higher rates of mortality compared with those never incarcerated.

Methods: We conducted a population-based study using a statewide linkage of tumor registry and correctional system movement data for Connecticut adult residents diagnosed with invasive cancer from 2005 through 2016.

End-of-life care quality for children with cancer who receive palliative care.

Background: We previously developed stakeholder-informed quality measures to assess end-of-life care quality for children with cancer. We sought to implement a subset of these quality measures in the multi-center pediatric palliative care (PPC) database.

Procedures: We utilized the Shared Data and Research database to evaluate the proportion of childhood cancer decedents from 2017-2021 who, in the last 30 days of life, avoided chemotherapy, mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admissions, and > 1 hospital admission; were enrolled in hospice services, and reported ≤ 2 highly distressing symptoms.

Comparing a Multimedia Digital Informed Consent Tool With Traditional Paper-Based Methods: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The traditional informed consent (IC) process rarely emphasizes research participants' comprehension of medical information, leaving them vulnerable to unknown risks and consequences associated with procedures or studies.

Objective: This paper explores how we evaluated the feasibility of a digital health tool called Virtual Multimedia Interactive Informed Consent (VIC) for advancing the IC process and compared the results with traditional paper-based methods of IC.

Methods: Using digital health and web-based coaching, we developed the VIC tool that uses multimedia and other digital features to improve the current IC process.

Refining Patient-Centered Measures of End-of-Life Care Quality for Children With Cancer.

Purpose: There are no existing quality measures (QMs) to optimize end-of-life care for children with cancer. Previously, we developed a set of 26 candidate QMs. Our primary objective in this study was to achieve stakeholder consensus on priority measures.

Impact of a Dedicated Cancer Urgent Care Center on Acute Care Utilization.

Purpose: Acute care imposes a significant burden on patients and cancer care costs. We examined whether an advanced practice provider-driven, cancer-specific urgent care center embedded within a large tertiary academic center decreased acute care use among oncology patients on active therapy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study anchored around the Oncology Extended Care Clinic (OECC) opening date.

Sociodemographic and hospital-based predictors of intense end-of-life care among children, adolescents, and young adults with hematologic malignancies.

Background: Children, adolescents, and young adults with hematologic malignancies tend to receive high-intensity end-of-life care (HI-EOLC), but sociodemographic and hospital-based predictors of HI-EOLC remain unclear.

Methods: The authors conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study with the Premier Healthcare Database. They identified individuals with hematologic malignancies who were 0 to 39 years old at death and died between 2010 and 2017.

Incarceration and Cancer-Related Outcomes (ICRO) study protocol: using a mixed-methods approach to investigate the role of incarceration on cancer incidence, mortality and quality of care.

Introduction: Incarceration is associated with decreased cancer screening rates and a higher risk for hospitalisation and death from cancer after release from prison. However, there is a paucity of data on the relationship between incarceration and cancer outcomes and quality of care. In the Incarceration and Cancer-Related Outcomes Study, we aim to develop a nuanced understanding of how incarceration affects cancer incidence, mortality and treatment, and moderates the relationship between socioeconomic status, structural racism and cancer disparities.

A Stakeholder-Driven Qualitative Study to Define High Quality End-of-Life Care for Children With Cancer.

Context: Among adults with cancer, measures for high quality end-of-life care (EOLC) include avoidance of hospitalizations near end of life. For children with cancer, no measures exist to evaluate or improve EOLC, and adult quality measures may not apply.

Objective: We engaged key stakeholders to explore EOLC priorities for children with cancer and their families, and to examine relevance of existing adult EOLC quality measures for children with cancer.

Patterns of treatment with everolimus exemestane in hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer in the era of targeted therapy.

Background: There is currently no clinical trial data regarding the efficacy of everolimus exemestane (EE) following prior treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i). This study assesses the use and efficacy of everolimus exemestane in patients with metastatic HR+ HER2- breast cancer previously treated with endocrine therapy (ET) or endocrine therapy + CDK4/6i.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of electronic health record-derived data for HR+ HER2- metastatic breast cancer from 2012 to 2018.

Construction of a Pediatrics Risk Score to Predict High Health Care Costs Among a Community Health Center Cohort.

Risk-stratification strategies are needed for ambulatory pediatric populations. The authors sought to develop age-specific risk scores that predict high health care costs among an urban population. A retrospective cohort study was performed of children ages 1-18 years who received care at Fair Haven Community Health Care (FHCHC), a community health center in New Haven, Connecticut.