Does Anxiety Systematically Bias Estimates of Executive Functioning Deficits in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

Growing evidence suggests that childhood ADHD is associated with larger impairments in working memory relative to inhibition. However, most studies have not considered the role of co-occurring anxiety on these estimates - a potentially significant confound given prior evidence that anxiety may increase working memory difficulties but decrease inhibition difficulties for these children. The current study extends prior work to examine the extent to which co-occurring anxiety may be systematically affecting recent estimates of the magnitude of working memory/inhibitory control deficits in ADHD.

Renal function affects hippocampal volume and cognition: The role of vascular burden and amyloid deposition.

Aim: We determined if differences in renal function, even within normal levels, influenced hippocampal volume (HCV) and cognition.

Methods: Cognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects with eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m were selected from the ADNI database (N = 1,269) and divided into three groups (eGFR 60-75, 75-90 and ≥90).

Large intracranial volume accelerates conversion to dementia in males and APOE4 non-carriers with mild cognitive impairment.

Background: It is unclear how brain reserve interacts with gender and apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotype, and how this influences the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The association between intracranial volume (ICV) and progression to AD in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and differences according to gender and APOE4 genotype, was investigated.

Methods: Data from subjects initially diagnosed with MCI and at least two visits were downloaded from the ADNI database.

The psychometric properties of the korean version of the verbal abuse questionnaire in university students.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean Verbal Abuse Questionnaire (K-VAQ) that consists of 15 items related with life-time verbal aggression exposure.

Methods: A total of 5814 university students who agreed to take part in the study completed the K-VAQ, the Korean version of the Life Event CheckList (LEC-K) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (K-IES-R). Internal consistency was checked by using item-total item correlation and Cronbach's alpha coefficient.