Strongly interacting topological matter exhibits fundamentally new phenomena with potential applications in quantum information technology. Emblematic instances are fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states, in which the interplay of a magnetic field and strong interactions gives rise to fractionally charged quasi-particles, long-ranged entanglement and anyonic exchange statistics. Progress in engineering synthetic magnetic fields has raised the hope to create these exotic states in controlled quantum systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhase transitions are driven by collective fluctuations of a system's constituents that emerge at a critical point. This mechanism has been extensively explored for classical and quantum systems in equilibrium, whose critical behaviour is described by the general theory of phase transitions. Recently, however, fundamentally distinct phase transitions have been discovered for out-of-equilibrium quantum systems, which can exhibit critical behaviour that defies this description and is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer recurrence is the main cause of chemotherapeutic treatment failure. The mechanisms driving cancer recurrence may be due to very rare subpopulation cells, cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Therefore, the early detection and better treatment of cancer stem-like cells are of great interest.
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