Effect of Pravastatin on Kidney Function in Patients with Dyslipidemia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Several studies have reported that pravastatin can mitigate the progression of kidney disease, but limited evidence exists regarding its effects on kidney function in Asian patients. This multicenter prospective observational study aimed to assess the effect of pravastatin on kidney function in Korean patients with dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinical practice.

Methods: This 48-week prospective multicenter study included 2604 of 2997 eligible patients with dyslipidemia and T2DM who had available estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements.

Empowering hospital-associated infection prevention and control: A quasi-experimental study on the effect of scenario-based simulation training.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of scenario-based simulation training on infection control, specifically in terms of knowledge, self-efficacy and adherence to standard precautions.

Background: Hospital-associated infections can pose a threat to patient safety and are a critical public health issue that requires attention.

Design: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test/post-test design using a nonequivalent control group.

Enhancing competency in infection prevention and control: Identifying priorities for clinical nurse educational needs.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have become a significant concern globally, posing risks to patients and imposing social and economic burdens. Competency in infection prevention and control (IPC) practices is essential for nurses to effectively reduce the risk of transmission. However, there is a lack of research on educational needs for competency in IPC practices.

The Protective Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid for Stress-induced Accelerated Senescence in Vascular Endothelial Cells.

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an omega-3 fatty acid that protects against cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and may have pleotropic effects beyond lowering triglycerides. Many degenerative diseases, such as atherosclerosis and diabetes, are related to cellular senescence as a pathophysiological mechanism. We aimed to examine whether EPA could protect vascular endothelial cells under stress conditions against stress-induced accelerated senescence (SIAS).

Anagliptin twice-daily regimen improves glycaemic variability in subjects with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To determine whether the twice-daily (BID) regimen is superior to the once-daily (QD) regimen for managing glycaemic variability by comparing the effects of anagliptin 100 mg BID versus sitagliptin 100 mg QD.

Materials And Methods: A double-blinded, randomized, multicentre study was performed in 89 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin alone (6.5% < HbA1c < 8.

Safety and Effectiveness of Empagliflozin in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results from a Nationwide Post-Marketing Surveillance.

Background: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin in routine clinical settings, we collected and assessed the clinical profiles of Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This was a post-marketing surveillance study of empagliflozin 10 and 25 mg. Information on adverse events and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was collected as safety data sets.

Effects of Online Learning on Nursing Students in South Korea during COVID-19.

Daily life has changed due to COVID-19. This has affected nursing education and caused a shift in online learning. This study examined the effects of online learning on nursing students' knowledge, self-regulation, and learning flow.

Effects of anagliptin on the stress induced accelerated senescence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) via inhibition of the enzymatic activity of DPP-4 in degrading active circulating glucagon-like peptide-1. In addition to their glucose-lowering effect, DPP-4 inhibitors have pleiotropic effects. Cellular senescence regarded as important pathophysiological mechanism underlying many degenerative diseases, including atherosclerosis.

Testosterone Protects Pancreatic β-cells from Apoptosis and Stress-Induced Accelerated Senescence.

Purpose: Androgens are steroid hormones that are very important in the sexual development and the maintenance of male reproductive system, and also have diverse actions in non-reproductive tissues, including potent antioxidant capacity. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by tissue insulin resistance and insufficient insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells. The progressive decline of pancreatic β-cells in diabetes is closely related with the severity of disease.

Cardiovascular outcomes with glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis.

Background: According to available research, there have been no head-to-head studies comparing the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes not reaching glycemic goal with metformin.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified through electronic searches of PubMed and EMBASE published up to January 15, 2020. Efficacy outcomes of interest included the composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke, its individual components, all-cause death, and hospitalization for heart failure (HF).

Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor for risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the REBOUND study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the benefit of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) as a noninvasive marker of arterial stiffness for the prediction of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This multicenter prospective observational study analyzed 2308 patients with type 2 diabetes between 2008 and 2018. The patients were categorized according to the quartiles of baPWV.

Melatonin protects INS-1 pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis and senescence induced by glucotoxicity and glucolipotoxicity.

Introduction: Melatonin is a hormone known as having very strong anti-oxidant property. Senescence is a biological state characterized by the loss of cell replication and the changes consisting of a pro-inflammatory phenotype, leading to Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) which is now regarded as one of the fundamental processes of many degenerative diseases. Increased cell division count induces cell senescence via DNA damage in response to elevated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS).

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 with the Development of Pheochromocytoma and Breast Cancer.

A 40-year-old woman presented with a left adrenal incidentaloma. Based on the presence of café-au-lait spots, cutaneous neurofibroma, and family history, she was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Adrenal incidentaloma screening showed an elevated normetanephrine level; the left adrenal mass showed the uptake of I-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine.

Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone versus Glimepiride after Metformin and Alogliptin Combination Therapy: A Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter, Parallel-Controlled Study.

Background: There is limited information regarding the optimal third-line therapy for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is inadequately controlled using dual combination therapy. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of pioglitazone or glimepiride when added to metformin plus alogliptin treatment for T2DM.

Methods: This multicenter, randomized, active-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.

The direct effect of lobeglitazone, a new thiazolidinedione, on pancreatic beta cells: A comparison with other thiazolidinediones.

Aims: The direct effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) on pancreatic beta cells have been controversial. The aim of this study was to find out whether a novel TZD, lobeglitazone, has beneficial effects on pancreatic beta cells and db/db mice compared to those of other TZDs.

Methods: INS-1 cells were incubated at a high-glucose concentration with various concentrations of troglitazone, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, and lobeglitazone.

High Glucose with Insulin Induces Cell Cycle Progression and Activation of Oncogenic Signaling of Bladder Epithelial Cells Cotreated with Metformin and Pioglitazone.

Metformin and pioglitazone are two commonly prescribed oral hypoglycemic agents for diabetes. Recent evidence suggests that these drugs may contribute to bladder cancer. This study investigated molecular mechanism underlying effects of metformin and pioglitazone in bladder epithelial carcinogenesis in type 2 diabetes.

Educational needs for new graduate nurses in Korea.

New nursing graduates often experience difficulty adjusting to clinical work environments, despite completing well-structured education programs. This study explored the educational needs of recent nursing graduates from the perspectives of new nurses and their clinical educators in Korea. Four focus-group interviews with 7 nurse educators and 8 new nurses were conducted.

A review of the curriculum development process of simulation-based educational intervention studies in Korea.

Background: Despite the increase in simulators at nursing schools and the high expectations regarding simulation for nursing education, the unique features of integrating simulation-based education into the curriculum are unclear.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the curriculum development process of simulation-based educational interventions in nursing in Korea.

Design: Integrative review of literature used.

Experience of taking Oral Contraceptives in Adult Women.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore essences and meanings of using oral contraceptives among adult women.

Methods: The interview was conducted with 20 adult women who lived in Seoul, Gyeongi Province, Jeolla Province, Chungcheong Province, and Gangwon Province. Participants with the experience of using oral contraceptives for contraception were selected by convenience sampling.

Arterial Stiffness Is More Associated with Albuminuria than Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The REBOUND Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between arterial stiffness and albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This multicenter cohort study analyzed 2613 patients with type 2 diabetes. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was used as a noninvasive marker of arterial stiffness.

Comparison of pancreatic beta cells and alpha cells under hyperglycemia: Inverse coupling in pAkt-FoxO1.

Type 2 diabetes manifests beta cell deficiencies and alpha cell expansion which is consistent with relative insulin deficiency and glucagon oversecretion. The effects of hyperglycemia on alpha cells are not as understood in comparison to beta cells. Hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress, which induces Akt activation or FoxO activation, depending on cell type.

Development and evaluation of a clinical simulation for new graduate nurses: A multi-site pilot study.

Background: New nursing graduates have revealed that they perceive a gap between theory and practice with reference to their education and the real workplace setting. Additionally, many nurses experience a reality shock when they participate in clinical practice.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test the effects of a scenario-based simulation training program on new graduate nurses' competency, critical thinking dispositions, and interpersonal communication skills.