Changes in femoral anteversion after intramedullary nailing for pediatric femoral shaft fracture: a multicenter study.

Background: The rotational change after using a flexible intramedullary (IM) nail for femoral shaft fractures has been a concern for many surgeons. Recently, a statistical shape model (SSM) was developed for the three-dimensional reconstruction of the femur from two-dimensional plain radiographs. In this study, we measured postoperative femoral anteversion (FAV) in patients diagnosed with femoral shaft fractures who were treated with flexible IM nails and investigated age-related changes in FAV using the SSM.

Shifting perspectives: From "Epilepsy" to "Cerebroelectric Disorder".

Background & Objective: Epilepsy has long been associated with stigma and misconceptions. In response, the Korean Epilepsy Society initiated the Epilepsy Renaming project in 2008 to replace the stigmatizing term with a neutral and scientifically grounded name, "cerebroelectric disorder". This study explores the impact of changing terminology on the public discourse surrounding epilepsy.

Clinical nurses' work-life balance prediction due to patient safety incidents using classification and regression tree analysis: a secondary data analysis.

Background: Patient safety incidents lead to performance difficulties for nurses when providing nursing practice. This affects work-life balance and causes second and third-victimization. This study predicts factors affecting clinical nurses' work-life balance due to patient safety incidents using classification and regression tree analysis techniques.

Interpretable classification for multivariate gait analysis of cerebral palsy.

Background: The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) is a widely used tool for assessing the mobility of people with Cerebral Palsy (CP). It classifies patients into different levels based on their gross motor function and its level is typically determined through visual evaluation by a trained expert. Although gait analysis is commonly used in CP research, the functional aspects of gait patterns has yet to be fully exploited.

National Trends in Pediatric CT Scans in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Purpose: This study evaluated the rates and annual trends of pediatric CT scans in South Korea using a nationwide population-based database.

Materials And Methods: Data regarding pediatric CT scan usage between 2012 and 2017 were retrieved from the health insurance review and assessment service. Data on the age, sex, diagnosis, and the anatomical area of involved patients were also extracted.

Change of limb alignment in Korean children and adolescents with idiopathic genu valgum.

There has been no study evaluating the change of limb alignment for patients with genu valgum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of limb alignments in children and adolescents with idiopathic genu valgum through evaluating distal femur, proximal tibia, and knee joint line.Consecutive children and adolescents, under the age of 18, with genu valgum were included.

New approach of prediction of recurrence in thyroid cancer patients using machine learning.

Although papillary thyroid cancers are known to have a relatively low risk of recurrence, several factors are associated with a higher risk of recurrence, such as extrathyroidal extension, nodal metastasis, and BRAF gene mutation. However, predicting disease recurrence and prognosis in patients undergoing thyroidectomy is clinically difficult. To detect new algorithms that predict recurrence, inductive logic programming was used in this study.

Breech Presentation in Twins as a Risk Factor for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Introduction: Identifying risk factors associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is essential for early diagnosis and treatment. Breech presentation is a major DDH risk factor, possibly because of crowding of the fetus within the uterus. In multifetal pregnancy, fetuses are generally smaller than singletons, which may obscure the effect of breech presentation on fetal hips.

What happens to the patella height in patients with cerebral palsy as they age.

We aimed to investigate the progression of patella alta (PA) in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) using the Koshino-Sugimoto (KS) index and assess associated risk factors. Participants in our retrospective study met the following inclusion criteria: patients with CP who visited our institute from May 2003 to December 2019, were ≤18 years of age, were followed up for >2 years and had at least two lateral knee radiographs. KS indices of both knee radiographs were measured for each patient.

Effect of Screw Configuration on the Rate of Correction for Guided Growth Using the Tension-band Plate.

Background: This study investigated the effect of screw configuration on the rate of correction of coronal angular deformity of the knee joint in children who underwent guided growth using the tension-band plate.

Methods: Consecutive patients (76 patients with 154 physes; mean age: 11.8±2.

Blood Loss and Related Laboratory Changes after Single-Event Multilevel Surgery and Hip Reconstructive Surgery in Patients with Cerebral Palsy.

Backgroud: Single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) and hip reconstructive surgery (HRS) often cause intraoperative bleeding, consequently increasing the probability of transfusion and postoperative laboratory changes. Therefore, it is important to assess risk factors to predict the amount of blood loss. This study aimed to evaluate blood loss, its influencing factors, and the related laboratory changes during SEMLS and HRS in patients with cerebral palsy (CP).

Kinematic instability in the joints of flatfoot subjects during walking: A biplanar fluoroscopic study.

Abnormal foot kinematics is observed in flatfoot subjects with postural foot deformity. We aimed to investigate joint instability in flatfoot subjects by analyzing the abnormal rotational position and speed of their joints while walking. Five flatfoot subjects participated in our study.

Evaluation of factors affecting external tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy.

Background: Gait deviation and associated torsional problems are common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Although femoral anteversion in CP has been extensively reviewed in previous studies, only a few studies have focused on tibial torsion. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate tibial torsion in patients with CP and investigate the affecting factors.

Classification of histogram-valued data with support histogram machines.

The current large amounts of data and advanced technologies have produced new types of complex data, such as histogram-valued data. The paper focuses on classification problems when predictors are observed as or aggregated into histograms. Because conventional classification methods take vectors as input, a natural approach converts histograms into vector-valued data using summary values, such as the mean or median.

Linear mixed modeling on the effects of varus knee surgery on the ankle joint weight-bearing axis.

Background: Varus knee correction may affect the ankle and subtalar joints and impact the prognosis of ankle arthritis because the weight-bearing load on the lower extremity extends from the hip to the foot. We aimed to evaluate the changes in the mechanical axis and the weight-bearing axis of the ankle after varus knee surgery.

Methods: Patients with a varus knee were followed up after undergoing high tibial osteotomy or total knee replacement arthroplasty.

Remodelling of femoral head deformity after hip reconstructive surgery in patients with cerebral palsy.

Aims: Hip displacement, common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP), causes pain and hinders adequate care. Hip reconstructive surgery (HRS) is performed to treat hip displacement; however, only a few studies have quantitatively assessed femoral head sphericity after HRS. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess improvement in hip sphericity after HRS in patients with CP.

Differences in responses to English and Korean versions of the Caregiver Priorities & Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD).

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify differences in caregiver responses to Korean-language and English-language versions of the Caregiver Priorities & Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) questionnaire.

Methods: Patient data were acquired from the Cerebral Palsy Hip Outcomes Project database, which was established to run a large international multicenter prospective cohort study of the outcomes of hip interventions in cerebral palsy. Thirty-three children whose caregivers had completed the Korean version of CPCHILD were matched by propensity scoring with 33 children whose parents completed the English version.

Factors Affecting Subjective Symptoms in Children with Pes Planovalgus Deformity: A Study Using the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire.

Background: Idiopathic pes planovalgus is one of the most common foot deformities in children and adolescents. However, there is a discrepancy between subjective symptoms and radiographic severity in idiopathic planovalgus deformity, and very few studies have investigated this aspect. Further, the assessment of subjective symptoms in patients with pes planovalgus requires a quantitative scoring system for making meaningful comparisons, such as the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children (OxAFQ-c) and that for parents (OxAFQ-p).

Factors affecting GDI improvement after single event multilevel surgery in patients with cerebral palsy.

Background: Pathologic gait is common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) is a combination of surgical procedures to improve pathologic gait in patients with CP. However, the effect of each procedure is difficult to predict.

Optimization of tenocyte lineage-related factors from tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells using response surface methodology.

Background: In order to optimize the tenogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), researchers should consider various factors. However, this requires testing numerous experimental settings, which is costly and time-consuming. We aimed to assess the differential effects of transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-β3) on the tenogenesis of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) using response surface methodology (RSM).

Progression of planovalgus deformity in patients with cerebral palsy.

Background: Analyzing radiographic changes of pes planovalgus(PV) deformity of cerebral palsy(CP) patients according to age and influencing factors.

Methods: CP patients with PV deformity younger than 18 years old who had undergone more than a year of follow-up with at least two standing foot radiographs were included. Anteroposterior and lateral talo-first metatarsal(talo-1stMT), talo-second metatarsal(talo-2ndMT), and hallux valgus(HV) angles were measured on the radiographs.

Correlation between Accelerometer and Questionnaire-Based Assessment of Physical Activity in Patients with Cerebral Palsy.

Background: Precise measuring and monitoring of physical activity (PA) in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) are critical for assessing their PA participation and its potential health benefits. Accelerometer-based assessment of PA has been considered valid, reliable, and practical in children with CP. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between accelerometer- and questionnaire-based assessment of PA in CP patients.

Surgical outcomes after single event multilevel surgery in cerebral palsy patients with mid-stance knee hyperextension.

Background: Some patients with cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit excessive knee flexion at initial contact followed by knee hyperextension (KE) in mid-stance.

Research Question: This study investigated the change in sagittal kinematics after distal hamstring lengthening (DHL) and triceps surae lengthening procedures in CP patients with KE, and compared it to those without KE. In addition, the risk factors for the worsening of postoperative KE were analyzed.

Cost for treatment and follow-up of thyroid cancer increases according to the severity of disease.

Background: The aim of this study was to provide an analysis of thyroid cancer-related health care costs over a 5-year period, according to the extent of thyroid surgery.

Methods: The study included 33 patients from our institutional database who underwent thyroid cancer surgery in 2010. Patients were divided into four groups based on surgical extent: (1) hemithyroidectomy, (2) total thyroidectomy, (3) total thyroidectomy with ipsilateral radical neck dissection, and (4) total thyroidectomy with bilateral radical neck dissection and mediastinal dissection.

Radiographic changes of the mid-tarsal joint after calcaneal lengthening for planovalgus foot deformity.

Background: This study evaluate the radiographic changes in the mid-tarsal joint, including the calcaneocuboid and talonavicular (TN) joints after calcaneal lengthening for planovalgus deformity in children.

Methods: This study included 38 patients (68 feet) who underwent calcaneal lengthening for planovalgus deformity. Radiographic osteoarthritic changes at the CC or TN joint were defined as modified Kellgren-Lawrence grade of ≥1.