Effects of K doping on ZnCoO spinel catalysts for low-temperature catalytic NO decomposition in the presence of inhibitors.

The recent development of NH as a fuel has led to significant emissions of NO, a major greenhouse gas. Direct catalytic NO decomposition (de-NO) is a promising technology for NO emissions control because it effectively decomposes NO at low temperatures without requiring reducing agents or producing other pollutants. In marine applications, to improve the flame properties, NH is often mixed with marine diesel oil, which contains sulfur.

In-Bi Electrocatalyst for the Reduction of CO to Formate in a Wide Potential Window.

The CO atmospheric concentration level hit the record at more than 400 ppm and is predicted to keep increasing as the dependence on fossil fuels is inevitable. The CO electrocatalytic conversion becomes an alternative due to its environmental and energy-friendly properties and benign operation condition. Lately, bimetallic materials have drawn significant interest as electrocatalysts due to their distinct properties, which the parents' metal cannot mimic.

Development of CuN electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline medium.

A wide variety of electrocatalysts has been evolved for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and it is reasonable to carry out HER with low cost electrocatalyst and a good efficiency. In this study, CuN was synthesized by nitridation of CuO and further utilized as an electrocatalyst towards HER. The developed CuN electrocatalyst was tested and results showed a low overpotential and moderate Tafel slope value (overpotential: 149.

NH-MIL-125(Ti) doped CdS/Graphene composite as electro and photo catalyst in basic medium under light irradiation.

The development of active electrocatalysts and photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and for environmental remediation is a huge challenge. Research is still underway on the development of low-cost catalytic materials with appreciable efficiency for HER. In the present study, a composite of metal organic framework (MOF) with CdS and graphene (NH-MIL-125(Ti)/CdS-graphene) composites were developed with different loadings of graphene material via solvothermal technique.

Performance evaluation of a low-cost, novel vanadium nitride xerogel (VNXG) as a platinum-free electrocatalyst for dye-sensitized solar cells.

A vanadium nitride xerogel (VNXG) was synthesised by a simple and effective method of ammonialising a vanadium pentoxide xerogel at a higher temperature. Xerogel-structured materials possess salient features such as high surface area, tunable porosity and pore size that result in enhancing the catalytic activity by a fast electron-transport pathway and increase electrolyte diffusion channels. Metal nitrides are reported as promising alternate low-cost counter electrodes to replace the conventional and expensive platinum (Pt) counter electrode.

Investigation on Electroreduction of CO to Formic Acid Using Cu(BTC) Metal-Organic Framework (Cu-MOF) and Graphene Oxide.

A recent class of porous materials, viz., metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), finds applications in several areas. In this work, Cu-based MOFs (Cu-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) along with graphene oxide, viz.

Highly Porous MIL-100(Fe) for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) in Acidic and Basic Media.

The present study reports the synthesis of a porous Fe-based MOF named MIL-100(Fe) by a modified hydrothermal method without the HF process. The synthesis gave a high surface area with the specific surface area calculated to be 2551 m g and a pore volume of 1.407 cm g with an average pore size of 1.

New Method for the Synthesis of 2D Vanadium Nitride (MXene) and Its Application as a Supercapacitor Electrode.

MXenes are the class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides that exhibit unique properties and are used in a multitude of applications such as biosensors, water purification, electromagnetic interference shielding, electrocatalysis, supercapacitors, and so forth. Carbide-based MXenes are being widely explored, whereas investigations on nitride-based ones are seldom. Among the nitride-based MXenes obtained from their MAX phases, only TiN and TiN are reported so far.

Natural biomass derived hard carbon and activated carbons as electrochemical supercapacitor electrodes.

With every moving day, the aspect that is going to be the most important for modern science and technology is the means to supply sufficient energy for all the scientific applications. As the resource of fossil fuel is draining out fast, an alternative is always required to satisfy the needs of the future world. Limited resources also force to innovate something that can utilise the resource more efficiently.

Pt-free, low-cost and efficient counter electrode with carbon wrapped VO(M) nanofiber for dye-sensitized solar cells.

The present study reports the use of one-dimensional carbon wrapped VO(M) nanofiber (VO(M)/C) as a cost-effective counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs); where M denotes monoclinic crystal system. Uniform short length nanofiber was synthesised by a sol-gel based simple and versatile electrospinning and post carbonization technique. The investigation of nanostructure and morphological analysis were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) with EDAX.

Role of MIL-53(Fe)/hydrated-dehydrated MOF catalyst for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline medium and photocatalysis.

The role of breathing behavior in hydrated and dehydrated forms of MIL-53(Fe) is investigated here. The material can be used as an efficient electrocatalyst and photocatalyst for a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in an alkaline medium and the same was further tested for the degradation of organic pollutants. The as-synthesized MIL-53(Fe)/hydrated and dehydrated forms were characterized by different analytical techniques to study their structure, morphology, surface analysis, thermal, physical and chemical properties.

Catholyte-Free Electrocatalytic CO Reduction to Formate.

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO ) into value-added chemicals is a promising strategy to reduce CO emission and mitigate climate change. One of the most serious problems in electrocatalytic CO reduction (CO R) is the low solubility of CO in an aqueous electrolyte, which significantly limits the cathodic reaction rate. This paper proposes a facile method of catholyte-free electrocatalytic CO reduction to avoid the solubility limitation using commercial tin nanoparticles as a cathode catalyst.

Electrocatalytic Stability of Tin Cathode for Electroreduction of CO₂ to Formate in Aqueous Solution.

The electrocatalytic stability of tin (Sn) nanoparticle for electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate was measured using an H-type cell during electrolysis for 40 h. The Faradaic efficiency (FE) and partial current density (PCD) of formate formation reduced as much as 10% and 13% of the maximum values, respectively. To elucidate the decrease in FE and PCD, the changes in the morphology, chemical composition, the crystalline structure were investigated.

Mono- and dinuclear Cu complexes of the benzyldipicolylamine (BDPA) ligand: crystal structure, synthesis and characterization.

The crystal structures of mono- and dinuclear Cu trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) complexes with benzyldipicolylamine (BDPA) are described. From equimolar amounts of Cu(triflate) and BDPA, a water-bound Cu mononuclear complex, aqua(benzyldipicolylamine-κN,N',N'')bis(trifluoromethanesulfonato-κO)copper(II) tetrahydrofuran monosolvate, [Cu(CFSO)(CHN)(HO)]·CHO, (I), and a triflate-bridged Cu dinuclear complex, bis(μ-trifluoromethanesulfonato-κO:O')bis[(benzyldipicolylamine-κN,N',N'')(trifluoromethanesulfonato-κO)copper(II)], [Cu(CFSO)(CHN)], were synthesized. The presence of residual moisture in the reaction medium afforded water-bound complex (I), whereas dinuclear complex (II) was synthesized from an anhydrous reaction medium.

Carbon Dioxide Sequestration by Using a Model Carbonic Anhydrase Complex in Tertiary Amine Medium.

Globally, the elevation of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) levels due to the anthropogenic effect poses a serious threat to the ecosystem. Hence, it is important to control and/or mitigate the level of CO2 in the atmosphere, which necessitates novel tools. Herein, it is proposed to improve CO2 sequestration by using model complexes based on the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) in aqueous tertiary amine medium.

CO2 absorption and sequestration as various polymorphs of CaCO3 using sterically hindered amine.

One aspect of the attempt to restrain global warming is the reduction of the levels of atmospheric CO2 produced by fossil fuel power systems. This study attempted to develop a method that reduces CO2 emissions by investigating the absorption of CO2 into sterically hindered amine 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), the acceleration of the absorption rate by using the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), and the conversion of the absorption product to stable carbonates. CO2 absorbed by AMP is converted via a zwitterion mechanism to bicarbonate species; the presence of these anions was confirmed with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectral analysis.

Carbonic anhydrase promotes the absorption rate of CO2 in post-combustion processes.

The rate of carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption by monoethanol amine (MEA), diethanol amine (DEA), N-methyl-2,2'-iminodiethanol (MDEA), and 2-amino-2-methyl 1-propanol (AMP) solutions was found to be enhanced by the addition of bovine carbonic anhydrase (CA), has been investigated using a vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) device. The enthalpy (-ΔHabs) of CO2 absorption and the absorption capacities of aqueous amines were measured in the presence and/or absence of CA enzyme via differential reaction calorimeter (DRC). The reaction temperature (ΔT) under adiabatic conditions was determined based on the DRC analysis.

Assembling Ag nanoparticles into morphology controlled secondary structures on loosely packed self-assembled monolayers.

An efficient route for the assembling of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) onto solution phase Ag(palmitate) bilayer structure has been developed. Two dimension (2D) arrays of Ag NPs on Ag(palmitate) were prepared by treating palmitate stabilized Ag NPs with the as-synthesized Ag(palmitate) or ribbon-shaped Ag(palmitate) templates. The interaction between long chain carboxylate surfactants of Ag NPs and the protruding aliphatic chains of the loosely packed self-assembled monolayer may play a role in directing the self-assembly of NPs in monolayer fashion.

Carbonic anhydrase immobilized on encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles for CO2 sequestration.

Bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) was covalently immobilized onto OAPS (octa(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane)-functionalized Fe(3)O(4)/SiO(2) nanoparticles by using glutaraldehyde as a spacer. The Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles were coated with SiO(2), onto which was grafted OAPS, and the product was characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, IR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and magnetometer analysis. The enzymatic activities of the free and Fe(3)O(4)/SiO(2)/OAPS-conjugated BCA (Fe-CA) were investigated by hydrolyzing p-nitrophenylacetate (p-NPA), and hydration and sequestration of CO(2) to CaCO(3).

Immobilization of carbonic anhydrase on spherical SBA-15 for hydration and sequestration of CO2.

Bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) was immobilized on spherical SBA-15 through various approaches, including covalent attachment (BCA-CA), adsorption (BCA-ADS), and cross-linked enzyme aggregation (BCA-CLEA). The spherical SBA-15 was characterized by XRD, BET, and FE-SEM analysis. (29)Si CP-MAS NMR was used to confirm the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane grafting (an intermediate step in the immobilization technique), and the immobilization of BCA was confirmed by FT-IR spectrum.

Immobilization of human carbonic anhydrase on gold nanoparticles assembled onto amine/thiol-functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 for biomimetic sequestration of CO2.

A biocatalyst was synthesized by immobilizing human carbonic anhydrase onto gold nanoparticles assembled over amine/thiol-functionalized mesoporous SBA-15. The physicochemical properties of the functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 were obtained by XRD, BET, FE SEM, HR TEM, EDS, and zeta potential analysis. The biocatalytic performance was studied for para-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA) hydrolysis.

On carbon dioxide storage based on biomineralization strategies.

This study focuses on the separation and storage of the global warming greenhouse gas CO(2), and the use of natural biocatalysts in the development of technologies to improve CO(2) storage rates and provide new methods for CO(2) capture. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) has recently been used as a biocatalyst to sequester CO(2) through the conversion of CO(2) to HCO(-) in the mineralization of CaCO(3). Biomimetic CaCO(3) mineralization for carbon capture and storage offers potential as a stable CO(2) capture technology.