Difference of Parental Level of Concerns on Surgery according to the Perspectives and Characteristic among Pediatrics with Intermittent Exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences in the level of concerns regarding exotropia surgery according to the perspectives regarding surgery and basic characteristics of parents of pediatric patients with intermittent exotropia in Korea.

Methods: This study included the parents of pediatric patients with intermittent exotropia who underwent surgery at five hospitals, between June 2022 and February 2023. Parental perspectives, basic characteristics, and levels of concern regarding surgery were assessed using a questionnaire.

Ocular findings in Baraitser-Winter syndrome with a de novo mutation in the ACTG1 gene: a case report.

Background: Baraitser-Winter syndrome (BWS) is rare, and no previous reports have described the visual course of patients with this condition. Herein, we report the long-term visual outcomes and ocular features of a 6-year-old patient diagnosed with BWS.

Case Presentation: A 6-year-old female patient visited our clinic complaining of low vision.

Self-Reported Findings of the Korean Intermittent Exotropia Multicenter Study Questionnaire.

Purpose: To determine subjective symptoms and medical history of patients with intermittent exotropia in a large study population.

Methods: The Korean Intermittent Exotropia Multicenter Study (KIEMS) is a nationwide, observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted by the Korean Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus including 5,385 patients with intermittent exotropia. Subjective symptoms and medical history of patients with intermittent exotropia were extracted by a comprehensive survey based on a self-administered questionnaire according to the study protocol of the KIEMS.

Parental perspectives and concerns regarding exotropia surgery and comparison with clinicians' predictions.

Purpose: To evaluate parental perspectives and concerns regarding exotropia surgery and compare them with clinicians' predictions of parental responses in Korean pediatric patients with intermittent exotropia.

Methods: This survey study included the parents of pediatric patients with intermittent exotropia who underwent surgery and clinicians at five hospitals from June 2022 to February 2023, who participated in the Survey of Parental Attitude and Concerns of Exotropia surgery (SPACE) study 1. Parental attitudes and concern about exotropia surgery were assessed using a questionnaire.

Changes in ocular extorsion after horizontal muscle surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia coexisting with hypertropia and mild inferior oblique overaction.

Purpose: To investigate changes in vertical strabismus and extorsion in patients with intermittent exotropia and mild unilateral inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) who underwent horizontal muscle surgery without vertical or oblique muscle surgery.

Methods: The medical records of 41 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were followed up for at least 6 months after surgery.

A Clinical Incivility Management Module for Nursing Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Incivility experienced by pre-licensure nursing students in clinical settings continues to grow. Interventions for clinical incivility to nursing students are needed. Our study aimed to examine the effects of a piloted two-hour interactive incivility management module on nursing students' perceived stress and general self-efficacy levels and preparedness for responding professionally to clinical incivility.

Combined Model-Based Prediction for Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening.

The risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the child increases with increasing maternal age. Although non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a safe and effective prenatal screening method, the accuracy of the test results needs to be improved owing to various testing conditions. We attempted to achieve a more accurate and robust prediction of chromosomal abnormalities by combining multiple methods.

Plasma Antiretinal Autoantibody Profiling and Diagnostic Efficacy in Patients With Autoimmune Retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate plasma antiretinal autoantibody (ARA) profiling and diagnostic efficacy for autoimmune retinopathy (AIR).

Design: A multicenter, diagnostic evaluation study.

Methods: Forty-nine patients with a clinical diagnosis of AIR, disease controls including 20 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and 30 normal controls were included.

Surgical outcomes of adjustment on recessed lateral rectus muscle versus resected medial rectus muscle for intermittent exotropia.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of resected muscle adjustment compared with the recessed muscle adjustment in patients with intermittent exotropia.

Methods: This retrospective clinical investigation analyzed the data of patients who underwent strabismus surgery with adjustment. Patients who were followed-up for at least one and half year after adjustment were enrolled.

Spontaneous Recovery of Traumatic Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy and Ocular Factors for Predicting Prognosis.

Purpose: This study evaluated the prognosis of patients with traumatic unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) and clinical factors associated with spontaneous resolution.

Methods: Medical records of patients with traumatic unilateral SOP who visited two hospitals (Yeungnam University Hospital and Daegu Catholic University Medical Center) between January 2015 and June 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. When traumatic unilateral SOP did not recover within at least 1 year of follow-up, no spontaneous resolution was considered.

Mediating effects of emotional intelligence and resilience on the relationship between type D personality and caring ability in nursing students: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Nursing students must learn about the core values of nursing care. Thus, education designed to improve their caring ability should be included in nursing curricula. Nursing students' caring ability is reportedly affected by emotional intelligence and resilience.

Effects of Online Learning on Nursing Students in South Korea during COVID-19.

Daily life has changed due to COVID-19. This has affected nursing education and caused a shift in online learning. This study examined the effects of online learning on nursing students' knowledge, self-regulation, and learning flow.

[A Study on Dispatched Nursing during the Japanese Colonial Era].

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of dispatched nursing, a type of private nursing called , during the Japanese colonial period in Korea. This specialized and professional nursing was a form of a dispatched nursing service provided by nurses associations.

Methods: This study reviewed a literature on visiting nursing, a literature on dispatched nursing, focusing on data collected during the Japanese colonial period from August 1910 to August 1945.

Establishment of patient-derived three-dimensional organoid culture in renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma is a heterogeneous kidney cancer, and over 403,000 cases were reported worldwide in 2018. Current methods for studying renal cell carcinoma are limited to two-dimensional (2D) culture of primary cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models. Numerous studies have suggested that 2D culture poorly represents the diversity, heterogeneity, and drug-resistance of primary tumors.

Performance evaluation of commercial library construction kits for PCR-based targeted sequencing using a unique molecular identifier.

Background: Target enrichment is a critical component of targeted deep next-generation sequencing for the cost-effective and sensitive detection of mutations, which is predominantly performed by either hybrid selection or PCR. Despite the advantages of efficient enrichment, PCR-based methods preclude the identification of PCR duplicates and their subsequent removal. Recently, this limitation was overcome by assigning a unique molecular identifier(UMI) to each template molecule.

Tubular organotypic culture model of human kidney.

Cell-culture methods that simplify the inherent complexities of the kidney have not sufficiently reproduced its true characteristics. Although reports indicate that organoid methodology surpasses traditional cell culture in terms of reproducing the nature of organs, the study of human kidney organoids have been confined to pluripotent stem cells. Furthermore, it has not yet progressed beyond the developmental state of embryonic kidney even after complicate additional differentiation processes.

High-Mobility Group Box 1-Induced Complement Activation Causes Sterile Inflammation.

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a well-known danger-associated molecular pattern molecule, acts as a pro-inflammatory molecule when secreted by activated immune cells or released after necrotic cell damage. HMGB1 binds to immunogenic bacterial components and augments septic inflammation. In this study, we show how HMGB1 mediates complement activation, promoting sterile inflammation.

Landscape of Actionable Genetic Alterations Profiled from 1,071 Tumor Samples in Korean Cancer Patients.

Purpose: With the emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, profiling a wide range of genomic alterations has become a possibility resulting in improved implementation of targeted cancer therapy. In Asian populations, the prevalence and spectrum of clinically actionable genetic alterations has not yet been determined because of a lack of studies examining high-throughput cancer genomic data.

Materials And Methods: To address this issue, 1,071 tumor samples were collected from five major cancer institutes in Korea and analyzed using targeted NGS at a centralized laboratory.

Exogenous pentraxin-3 inhibits the reactive oxygen species-mitochondrial and apoptosis pathway in acute kidney injury.

Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a long-form member of the pentraxin family of proteins that has been studied in inflammatory diseases and in various organs. We found that PTX3 protects kidney cells during ischemia and proinflammatory acute kidney injury. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro experimental model of acute kidney injury and to analyze the protective mechanism of exogenous recombinant PTX3.

Clinical validation of serum endocan (ESM-1) as a potential biomarker in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

To determine the suitability of serum endocan (ESM-1) levels for diagnosing and monitoring renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we measure serum ESM-1 levels in 56 RCC patients who had undergone radical or partial nephrectomies and 56 age- and sex-matched healthy kidney donors. Measurements were made before and 1 month and 3 months after surgery. The areas under the curve (AUCs) were determined from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.

Prevalence and detection of low-allele-fraction variants in clinical cancer samples.

Accurate detection of genomic alterations using high-throughput sequencing is an essential component of precision cancer medicine. We characterize the variant allele fractions (VAFs) of somatic single nucleotide variants and indels across 5095 clinical samples profiled using a custom panel, CancerSCAN. Our results demonstrate that a significant fraction of clinically actionable variants have low VAFs, often due to low tumor purity and treatment-induced mutations.

Dielectric imaging for differentiation between cancer and inflammation in vivo.

In this study, we develop an in vivo dielectric imaging technique that measures capacitance using pin-type electrode arrays. Compared to normal tissues, cancer tissues exhibit higher capacitance values, allowing us to image the cancer region and monitor the chemotherapeutic effects of cancer in real-time. A comparison with the histopathological results shows that the in vivo dielectric imaging technique is able to detect small tumors (<3 mm) and tumor-associated changes.

TNF-α-induced Inflammation Stimulates Apolipoprotein-A4 via Activation of TNFR2 and NF-κB Signaling in Kidney Tubular Cells.

Apo-A4 expression was increased in tissues from chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients compared to that in normal kidney tissue. We determined the association of apo-A4 and its regulatory signals following acute kidney injury and elucidated the effects of apo-A4 on cell signaling pathways related to kidney injury in vitro and in vivo. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which causes inflammatory cell injury, induced significantly increased expression of apo-A4 protein levels, and these levels were related to pro-inflammatory acute kidney injury in human kidney cells.

Preoperative Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio Ameliorates the Accuracy of Differential Diagnosis in Non-Metastatic Infiltrative Renal Masses.

Purpose: Distinguishing infiltrative renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is a challenging issue due to their radiologic similarities. We evaluated systemic inflammatory biomarkers as parameters for distinguishing tumor types.

Materials And Methods: A computerized search of medical records from November 2005 to October 2015 identified 116 patients with infiltrative renal masses who were difficult to diagnose confirmatively in radiological study.