Depression and Internet addiction in adolescents.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between depression and Internet addiction among adolescents.

Sampling And Method: A total of 452 Korean adolescents were studied. First, they were evaluated for their severity of Internet addiction with consideration of their behavioral characteristics and their primary purpose for computer use.

Diminished rostral anterior cingulate activity in response to threat-related events in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Background: Previous brain imaging studies have reported hyperactivation of the amygdala and hypoactivation of the anterior cingulate in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients, which is believed to be an underlying neural mechanism of the PTSD symptoms. The current study specifically focuses on the abnormal activity of the rostral anterior cingulate, using a paradigm which elicits an unexpected processing conflict caused by salient emotional stimuli.

Methods: Twelve survivors (seven men and five women) of the Taegu subway fire in 2003, who later developed PTSD, agreed to participate in this study.

Asymmetrically altered integrity of cingulum bundle in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Previously, our group reported the altered white matter tract integrity of the left anterior cingulate in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in whole-brain exploration. Current study intended to explore whether the alteration was more prominent in any specific regions of the cingulum bundle. Diffusion tensor images of 21 PTSD subjects and 21 healthy comparison subjects were acquired.

Decreased frontal white-matter integrity in abstinent methamphetamine abusers.

This study explored differences in frontal white-matter (WM) integrity between methamphetamine (MA) abusers and healthy comparison subjects using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Fractional anisotropy (FA) values, which indicate WM integrity, were calculated for regions-of-interest in frontal WM on diffusion tensor images of 32 MA abusers and 30 healthy comparison subjects. Frontal executive functions were also assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting test (WCST).

The relationship between the biogenetic temperament and character and psychopathology in adolescents.

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between patterns of temperament and character and self-reported psychopathology in adolescents from the community.

Sampling And Methods: The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI) and Youth Self-Report (YSR) instruments were administered to 623 Korean middle school students (boys/girls = 331/292; age = 13.3 +/- 0.

Decreased cerebral blood flow of the right anterior cingulate cortex in long-term and short-term abstinent methamphetamine users.

Background: The aim of the current study was to explore changes of relative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in short-term and long-term abstinent methamphetamine (MA) users.

Methods: Relative rCBF in 40 abstinent MA users and 23 healthy comparison subjects was compared by the technetium-99m-hexamethyl-propylene amine oxime ((99m)Tc-HMPAO) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Relative rCBF in areas that were found to differ significantly was also compared in groups of MA users with short-term (<6 months) and long-term (>or=6 months) abstinence.

Decreased blood flow of temporal regions of the brain in subjects with panic disorder.

Object: The purpose of the current study was to investigate alterations of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in subjects with panic disorder.

Methods: Twenty-two subjects with panic disorder who were under psychotropic medications and 25 age and gender-matched healthy comparison subjects were assessed regarding the rCBF of using Tc-99m-hexamethyl propylenamino oxime single photon emission tomography (SPECT). Using statistical parametric mapping, the rCBF was compared between panic disorder and healthy comparison groups.

Increased white matter hyperintensities in male methamphetamine abusers.

Background: The current study was conducted to compare the prevalence, severity, and location of white matter signal hyperintensities (WMH) on brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in methamphetamine (MA) abusers.

Methods: Thirty-three MA abusers and 32 age- and gender-matched healthy comparison subjects were studied. Axial T-2 weighted images and fluid attenuated inversion recovery axial images were obtained using 3.