DEL phenotype in RhD-negative North Indian blood donors.

Background: Rh-DEL type is not detected on routine serology and requires specialized adsorption elution methods which are laborious. Identifying the DEL phenotype in blood donors is important to prevent alloimmunization in transfusion recipients. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of DEL phenotype in RhD-negative North Indian blood donors and correlate the results with Rh Cc/Ee phenotype.

Impact of COVID-19 on essential service provision for reproductive, maternal, neonatal, and child health in the Southeast Asia region: a systematic review.

Background: There is increasing evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted adversely on the provision of essential health services globally. The Southeast Asia region (SEAR) has experienced extremely high rates of COVID-19 infection, with potential adverse impacts on provision of reproductive, maternal, neonatal, and child health (RMNCH) services.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of quantitative evidence to characterise the impact of COVID-19 on the provision of essential RMNCH services across the SEAR.

Effect of Age of Transfused Red Blood Cell Units on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients.

Anemia in critically ill patients requires red cell transfusions to increase oxygen delivery and prevent deleterious outcomes. The primary objective of the present study was to determine the effect of storage age of transfused red cells on 30-day mortality in critically ill patients, with secondary objectives of determining the effect on length of stay, organ failure, and adverse transfusion reactions. This prospective study was conducted on patients admitted to the intensive care unit after obtaining approval from institutional ethics committee.

Epidemiological Trends of Dengue in One of the Western Hilly Areas of Himachal Pradesh.

Background: Dengue is one of the neglected tropical diseases, with a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from acute febrile illness dengue fever to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. In recent years, it has become a major public health concern in many nonendemic areas as well.

Materials And Methods: A secondary data analysis of records available with district Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme cell was conducted to study distribution (time, place, and person) of dengue from 2017 to 2022 in Kangra, a sub-Himalayan district of Himachal Pradesh (HP).

Deep Learning Models for Classification of Deciduous and Permanent Teeth From Digital Panoramic Images.

Introduction: Dental radiographs are essential in the diagnostic process in dentistry. They serve various purposes, including determining age, analyzing patterns of tooth eruption/shedding, and treatment planning and prognosis. The emergence of digital radiography technology has piqued interest in using artificial intelligence systems to assist and guide dental professionals.

Evaluation of chemiluminescence immunoassay as a screening test for syphilis on blood donor samples.

Background And Objective: Global re-emergence of syphilis among blood donors necessitates novel diagnostic and prevention approaches that encourage timely intervention. Thus, the present study was planned to evaluate the efficiency of Chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) as a screening test for syphilis.

Material And Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted from October 2021 to September 2022.

Physiological and psychological stress response of blood donors during the blood donation process.

Background And Objectives: Blood donation can be a potentially stressful event, leading to the activation of an acute stress response. Knowing and identifying potential stressors could help in optimizing the donation experience. The present study aimed to measure the physiological and psychological stress changes before, during and after blood donation.

Association of blood donor characteristics with hemoglobin content in leukoreduced packed red blood cells.

Background And Objectives: A complex relationship exists between donor characteristics and red blood cell quality which remains partly explored. The present study aimed to determine the correlation of donor characteristics with the hemoglobin (Hb) content of leukoreduced packed red blood cells (PRBC).

Materials And Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 blood donors.

Association of blood donor characteristics and in vitro haemolysis of packed red blood cell concentrates during storage.

Background And Objectives: Blood donor variability can affect the storage properties of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). This study aimed to determine the association of donor characteristics with in vitro storage haemolysis of PRBCs.

Materials And Methods: In the prospective observational study, a total of 109 whole blood donors were enrolled using the purposive sampling method.

Biomarkers Associated With Severe COVID-19 Among Populations With High Cardiometabolic Risk: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Importance: Cardiometabolic parameters are established risk factors for COVID-19 severity. The identification of causal or protective biomarkers for COVID-19 severity may facilitate the development of novel therapies.

Objective: To identify protein biomarkers that promote or reduce COVID-19 severity and that mediate the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with COVID-19 severity.

Association of blood donor characteristics with in vitro platelet storage properties.

Background And Objective: The study was planned to determine the association of blood donor characteristics with in vitro quality of platelets.

Material And Methods: In the prospective observational study, a total of 85 male whole blood donors in the age group of 18-30 and 45-65 years were enrolled using purposive sampling method. Serum total cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAc), and LDH levels were performed on donor pre-donation sample.

Neurological manifestations of scrub typhus: encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).

Scrub typhus is a tropical febrile illness that mainly affects rural populations in tropical and subtropical countries. It can range in severity from a mild febrile illness to multisystem involvement. Systemic dysfunction often appears in the second week of sickness, and hepatic, renal and brain involvement are well documented.

Cancer Detection Based on Medical Image Analysis with the Help of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: Cancer is a deadly disease. It is crucial to diagnose cancer in its early stages. This can be done with medical imaging.

From 'Omics to Multi-omics Technologies: the Discovery of Novel Causal Mediators.

Purpose Of Review: 'Omics studies provide a comprehensive characterisation of a biological entity, such as the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, or microbiome. This review covers the unique properties of these types of 'omics and their roles as causal mediators in cardiovascular disease. Moreover, applications and challenges of integrating multiple types of 'omics data to increase predictive power, improve causal inference, and elucidate biological mechanisms are discussed.

Exploring the unseen effect of COVID 19 pandemic on blood transfusion services in a tertiary care centre.

Background: The coronavirus pandemic confronted blood transfusion services with major challenges. The present study was conducted to explore the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on blood transfusion services including seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections.

Material And Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted and data on blood donation, utilization, camps, plateletpheresis and seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) was retrieved from software from March to September 2020 and 2021 and compared with corresponding time periods of three preceding non-pandemic years.

Revisiting the impact of serial therapeutic phlebotomy in polycythaemia on laboratory and clinical parameters using a fixed interval and fixed volume protocol.

Objectives: Therapeutic phlebotomy allows for a controlled and gradual decrease in red cell mass leading to improved blood flow and symptomatic relief in polycythaemia. The present study was aimed to determine the impact of serial fixed volume and fixed interval therapeutic phlebotomy protocol on the laboratory and clinical parameters in patients of polycythaemia.

Material And Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was conducted over 18 months.

Seroprevalence of CoVID-19 among health care professionals (HCPs) of tertiary care hospital of northern state of India.

Introduction: Current study was carried out as per the government of India and Himachal Pradesh guidelines to carry out a serosurvey to assess the extent of COVID-19 infection among health care professionals (HCPs) after 6 months of managing COVID-19 cases.

Methods: A hospital-based survey was carried out among 1279 conveniently selected HCPs from September 2020 to January 2021.

Results: The participants had a mean age of 38.

Efficacy of packed red blood cell transfusions based on weight versus formula in thalassemic children: An open-label randomized control trial.

Background: Protocols for transfusion therapy in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) children differ among various medical centers. In India, most centers consider only the patient's weight while calculating the volume of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to be transfused. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of PRBC transfusions of different volumes calculated either by weight or by a formula using weight and pretransfusion hemoglobin of patient and hematocrit of PRBC.

A rare case of advanced sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma with intracranial and intradural extension.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer of the head and neck that primarily occurs in the salivary glands. Sino-nasal ACC (SNACC) is a much rarer entity; this paper presents an exceedingly rare case of SNACC with both intracranial and intradural extension which was ultimately treated with palliative radiotherapy due to its extensive invasion. In addition to this, a review of the literature has been performed to delineate specific learning points for the management of intracranial SNACC.