Clinical use of multiplex-PCR for the diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis.

Background And Objectives: Prompt and accurate diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is critical for patient management. We designed and evaluated two sets of multiplex-PCR assays for the simultaneous detection of six major etiologies of ABM i.e.

Impact of a Mediterranean diet on hepatic and metabolic outcomes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The MEDINA randomised controlled trial.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is predominantly managed by lifestyle intervention, in the absence of effective pharmacotherapies. Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is the recommended diet, albeit with limited evidence.

Aims: To compare an ad libitum MedDiet to low-fat diet (LFD) in patients with NAFLD for reducing intrahepatic lipids (IHL) by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( H-MRS).

Prevalence and resistance pattern of uropathogens from community settings of different regions: an experience from India.

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in clinical practice worldwide in both healthcare and community settings causing significant morbidity and mortality. It is one of the major conditions at the community level treated empirically and regarded as a potential cause of emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Limited information is available regarding community-acquired UTI (CA-UTI) from India.

A Case Report of Stuttering Induced by Risperidone and Chlorpromazine.

Stuttering, a disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech is usually developmental. In some cases, it is acquired, and causes include stroke, brain tumor, and trauma. Implicated in the causation of stuttering are overactive presynaptic dopamine systems in the region of the brain that modulate verbalization.

Temporally and functionally distinct large-scale brain network dynamics supporting task switching.

Objective: Our daily activities require frequent switches among competing responses at the millisecond time scale. We determined the spatiotemporal characteristics and functional significance of rapid, large-scale brain network dynamics during task switching.

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy who played a Lumosity cognitive flexibility training game during intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recording.

A Systematic Review of Menstrual Health and Hygiene Management (MHHM) as a Human Right for Adolescents Girls.

Despite its relationship with several development issues and sexual health, menstrual health and hygiene management among adolescents have until recently been ignored by practitioners and researchers. This paper is a systematic review of existing literature and argues that menstrual health and hygiene management is a human rights issue. 28,745 articles were screened, with 84 articles included in the full-text review and quality assessment.

Naming-related spectral responses predict neuropsychological outcome after epilepsy surgery.

This prospective study determined the use of intracranially recorded spectral responses during naming tasks in predicting neuropsychological performance following epilepsy surgery. We recruited 65 patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy who underwent preoperative neuropsychological assessment and intracranial EEG recording. The Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals evaluated the baseline and postoperative language function.

ALDH1 & CD133 in invasive cervical carcinoma & their association with the outcome of chemoradiation therapy.

Background & Objectives: Chemoradiation is the standard therapy for locally advanced invasive cervical cancer and response to treatment determines the outcome. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) play a role in response to treatment and hence the aim of this study was to evaluate if their levels in pre-treatment biopsies by immunohistochemistry (IHC) could predict response to treatment and outcome.

Methods: The study comprised 60 patients with FIGO Stage IIB/III invasive cervical carcinoma treated by chemoradiation.

Analytical mapping of information and communication technology in emerging infectious diseases using CiteSpace.

The prevalence of severe infectious diseases has become a major global health concern. Currently, the COVID-19 outbreak has spread across the world and has created an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. The proliferation of novel viruses has put traditional health systems under immense pressure and posed several serious issues.

Analysis of colistin resistance in carbapenem-resistant and XDR .

Introduction: Increasing occurrence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria resulted in colistin being the last agent for treatment. Apart from plasmid-mediated genes, mutations involving several genes like , and leading causes of colistin resistance. Four colistin susceptibility testing methods were compared against broth microdilution (BMD) and determined the presence of gene.

Azithromycin for Poorly Controlled Asthma in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Azithromycin has immunomodulatory actions, and its beneficial effects have been demonstrated in asthmatic adults. Data on children are limited.

Research Question: Does the addition of oral azithromycin to standard therapy in children with poorly controlled asthma improve asthma control compared with standard treatment alone?

Study Design And Methods: This open-label randomized controlled trial included children (5-15 years of age) with poorly controlled asthma defined by Asthma Control Test (ACT) and Childhood Asthma Control Test (CACT) score of ≤ 19.

Timing of Ga68-PSMA PETCT and patterns of recurrence after prostate radiotherapy: Implications for potential salvage.

Purpose: To study patterns of recurrence in Ga68-PSMA PETCT at rising serum PSA after radical radiotherapy for non-metastatic prostate cancer.

Methods: Among patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated with radical external beam radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy, those who underwent Ga68-PSMA PETCT for rising PSA during follow up were analysed. Patterns of recurrence in Ga68-PSMA PETCT were studied.

Intestinal Colonization Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Among Hematological Malignancy Patients in India: Prevalence and Molecular Charecterisation.

Faecal carriage of Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) is being observed as an important risk factor for bacteremia among patients with hematological malignancies. A prospective surveillance study was conducted among these patients to determine the gut colonization of CRE. Rectal/perianal swabs were collected to isolate CRE.

Comparative Evaluation of Clinical Efficiency and Patient Acceptability toward the Use of Circumferential Matrix and Sectional Matrix for Restoration of Class II Cavities in Primary Molars: An Study.

Aim: To compare two matrix systems (circumferential and sectional) based on clinical efficiency and patient acceptability for placement of visible light cure composite resin restorative material in a Class II cavity in primary molars.

Materials And Methods: Thirty children with bilateral Class II cavities of age-group 5-9 years were selected. A split-mouth comparative experimental study was conducted at Manav Rachna Dental College, India.

The use of cone beam computed tomography of paranasal sinuses in the investigation and management of rhinosinusitis: a national survey and our 'one-stop' rhinology clinic experience.

Objective: Cone beam computed tomography is an imaging technique that can be used for the paranasal sinuses. This study assessed how widely it is used and the impact it has on chronic rhinosinusitis management in the ENT department of one hospital.

Method: A nationwide survey was conducted to assess the use of cone beam computed tomography throughout ENT UK members.

Combining Theory and Research to Validate a Social Norms Framework Addressing Female Genital Mutilation.

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a harmful practice with no benefits and considerable harm to girls and women who undergo it. In 2016, the United Nations Joint Program to Eliminate FGM, funded the development and subsequent validation of a monitoring and evaluation framework to understand the relationship between social norms and practicing FGM. Evidence on the framework was gathered through a pilot study in Ethiopia.

What Determines Vaccine Hesitancy: Recommendations from Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy.

Vaccine hesitancy is a prevalent and ongoing issue. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, additional attention has been brought to the topic of vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy is a threat to the population's health globally.

Impact of Chronic Sodium Fluoride Toxicity on Antioxidant Capacity, Biochemical Parameters, and Histomorphology in Cardiac, Hepatic, and Renal Tissues of Wistar Rats.

The study was designed to determine the fluoride distribution after its oral exposure in drinking water and its associated impact on biochemical, antioxidant markers and histology in the liver, kidney, and heart of male Wistar rats. On 100 ppm exposure, the highest accretion of fluoride occurred in the liver followed by the kidney and heart. Fluoride exposure significantly (p˂0.

Molecular Characterization of Resistance-Nodulation-cell Division Efflux Pump Genes in Multidrug-Resistant .

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant is galloping, posing threat to tackle, and leaving us with limited options of treatment.

Methods: The purpose of this study is to find the genotypic association in drug-resistant isolated from different sterile body fluids. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight confirmed isolates were taken and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by VITEK-2 AST system.

Is there an association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cognitive function? A systematic review.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is represented as the most common liver disease worldwide. NAFLD is associated with metabolic risk factors underpinned by insulin resistance, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, leading to extrahepatic changes in central nervous diseases such as cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and dementia. The aim of the review is to explore the association between NAFLD and cognitive function.

Genetic barcoding systematically compares genes in del(5q) MDS and reveals a central role for CSNK1A1 in clonal expansion.

How genetic haploinsufficiency contributes to the clonal dominance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in del(5q) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) remains unresolved. Using a genetic barcoding strategy, we performed a systematic comparison on genes implicated in the pathogenesis of del(5q) MDS in direct competition with each other and wild-type (WT) cells with single-clone resolution. Csnk1a1 haploinsufficient HSCs expanded (oligo)clonally and outcompeted all other tested genes and combinations.

A practical method for storage, preservation and transportation of anuran urine samples using filter paper for hormone analysis.

Anurans (frogs and toads) expelled urine when handled and it could provide insights into their physiological status. However, storage, preservation and transportation are often challenging. The study aimed to standardize and validate a field method for short-term storage and preserve of anuran urine samples using Whatman filter papers.

Retrieving embolized peripherally inserted central catheter - A novel two step technique.

We report a novel two-step percutaneous endovascular technique for retrieval of peripherally inserted central catheter, free ends of which were inaccessible, that had embolized to the segmental branch of left pulmonary artery using SIM 1 catheter and a loop snare, in a 17 year old female patient diagnosed with osteosarcoma right femur. Step one involved, inserting SIM 1 catheter through the heart to hook the embolized peripherally inserted central catheter and bring it down to the lower segment of inferior vena cava. In the second step, a loop snare was used to grasp the free end of peripherally inserted central catheter, and the whole assembly was withdrawn via right common femoral vein access.