Interoperable Nanoparticle Sensor Capable of Strain and Vibration Measurement for Rotor Blade Monitoring.

Recent advances in nanomaterials technology create the new possibility to fabricate high performance sensors. However, there has been limitations in terms of multivariate measurable and interoperable sensors. In this study, we fabricated an interoperable silver nanoparticle sensor fabricated by an aerodynamically focused nanomaterial (AFN) printing system which is a direct printing technique for inorganic nanomaterials onto a flexible substrate.

Directly Printed Low-Cost Nanoparticle Sensor for Vibration Measurement during Milling Process.

A real-time, accurate, and reliable process monitoring is a basic and crucial enabler of intelligent manufacturing operation and digital twin applications. In this study, we represent a novel vibration measurement method for workpiece during the milling process using a low-cost nanoparticle vibration sensor. We directly printed the vibration sensor based on silver nanoparticles positioned onto a polyimide substrate using an aerodynamically-focused nanomaterials printing system, which is a direct printing technique for inorganic nanomaterials positioned onto a flexible substrate.

Stretchable Biaxial and Shear Strain Sensors Using Diffractive Structural Colors.

Structural colors that can be changed dynamically, using either plasmonic nanostructures or photonic crystals, are rapidly emerging research areas for stretchable sensors. Despite the wide applications of various techniques to achieve strain-responsive structural colors, important factors in the feasibility of strain sensors-such as their sensing mechanism, stability, and reproducibility-have not yet been explored. Here, we introduce a stretchable, diffractive, color-based wireless strain sensor that can measure strain using the entire visible spectrum, based on an array of cone-shaped nanostructures on the surface of an elastomeric substrate.

Highly Sensitive Solvent-free Silver Nanoparticle Strain Sensors with Tunable Sensitivity Created Using an Aerodynamically Focused Nanoparticle Printer.

We developed and presented highly sensitive solvent-free silver nanoparticle strain sensors fabricated using the aerodynamically focused nanoparticle (AFN) printer. The nanoparticles were printed in various conductive patterns. We explored how printer scan velocity affected pattern geometry and sensor sensitivity.

Taste-independent detection of the caloric content of sugar in Drosophila.

Feeding behavior is influenced primarily by two factors: nutritional needs and food palatability. However, the role of food deprivation and metabolic needs in the selection of appropriate food is poorly understood. Here, we show that the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, selects calorie-rich foods following prolonged food deprivation in the absence of taste-receptor signaling.

Pharmacological targeting reveals distinct roles for CXCR2/CXCR1 and CCR2 in a mouse model of arthritis.

Neutrophils and monocytes are abundantly represented in the synovial fluid and tissue in rheumatoid arthritis patients. We therefore explored the effects of small molecule chemokine receptor antagonists to block migration of these cells in anti-collagen antibody-induced arthritis. Targeting neutrophil migration with the CXCR2/CXCR1 antagonist SCH563705 led to a dose-dependent decrease in clinical disease scores and paw thickness measurements and clearly reduced inflammation and bone and cartilage degradation based on histopathology and paw cytokine analyses.

CCR2 and CXCR4 regulate peripheral blood monocyte pharmacodynamics and link to efficacy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Background: CCR2 plays a key role in regulating monocyte trafficking to sites of inflammation and therefore has been the focus of much interest as a target for inflammatory disease.

Methods: Here we examined the effects of CCR2 blockade with a potent small molecule antagonist to determine the pharmacodynamic consequences on the peripheral blood monocyte compartment in the context of acute and chronic inflammatory processes.

Results: We demonstrate that CCR2 antagonism in vivo led to a rapid decrease in the number of circulating Ly6Chi monocytes and that this decrease was largely due to the CXCR4-dependent sequestration of these cells in the bone marrow, providing pharmacological evidence for a mechanism by which monocyte dynamics are regulated in vivo.

The estrogen-injected female mouse: new insight into the etiology of PCOS.

Background: Female mice and rats injected with estrogen perinatally become anovulatory and develop follicular cysts. The current consensus is that this adverse response to estrogen involves the hypothalamus and occurs because of an estrogen-induced alteration in the GnRH delivery system. Whether or not this is true has yet to be firmly established.

Environmental feasibility of using coal ash as a fill material to raise the ground level.

Batch leach tests (BLTs) and column leach tests (CLTs) were conducted on bottom ash (BA), lagoon ash (LA), soil (S), and bottom ash-soil (BA-S) and lagoon ash-soil (LA-S) mixtures to evaluate the environmental feasibility of using these as fill materials to raise the ground level at construction sites. For the BLTs, the leachability of the elements (i.e.

Hydrous ferric oxide incorporated diatomite for remediation of arsenic contaminated groundwater.

Two reactive media [zerovalent iron (ZVI, Fisher Fe0) and amorphous hydrous ferric oxide (HFO)-incorporated porous, naturally occurring aluminum silicate diatomite [designated as Fe (25%)-diatomite]], were tested for batch kinetic, pH-controlled differential column batch reactors (DCBRs), in small- and large-scale column tests (about 50 and 900 mL of bed volume) with groundwater from a hazardous waste site containing high concentrations of arsenic (both organic and inorganic species), as well as other toxic or carcinogenic volatile and semivolatile organic compounds (VOC/SVOCs). Granular activated carbon (GAC) was also included as a reactive media since a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) at the subject site would need to address the hazardous VOC/SVOC contamination as well as arsenic. The groundwater contained an extremely high arsenic concentration (341 mg L(-1)) and the results of ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS) analysis showed that the dominant arsenic species were arsenite (45.

Biosorbents prepared from wood particles treated with anionic polymer and iron salt: effect of particle size on phosphate adsorption.

Biomass-based adsorbents have been widely studied as a cost-effective and environmentally-benign means to remove pollutants and nutrients from water. A two-stage treatment of aspen wood particles with solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and ferrous chloride afforded a biosorbent that was effective in removing phosphate from test solutions. FTIR spectroscopy of the biosorbent samples showed a decrease in the intensity of the carboxylate signal coinciding with a decrease in particle size.

Removal of arsenite and arsenate using hydrous ferric oxide incorporated into naturally occurring porous diatomite.

In this study, a simplified and effective method was tried to immobilize iron oxide onto a naturally occurring porous diatomite. Experimental resultsfor several physicochemical properties and arsenic edges revealed that iron oxide incorporated into diatomite was amorphous hydrous ferric oxide (HFO). Sorption trends of Fe (25%)-diatomite for both arsenite and arsenate were similar to those of HFO, reported by Dixit and Hering (Environ.

Phosphate removal by refined aspen wood fiber treated with carboxymethyl cellulose and ferrous chloride.

Biomass-based filtration media are of interest as an economical means to remove pollutants and nutrients found in stormwater runoff. Refined aspen wood fiber samples treated with iron salt solutions demonstrated limited capacities to remove (ortho)phosphate from test solutions. To provide additional sites for iron complex formation, and thereby impart a greater capacity for phosphate removal, a fiber pretreatment with an aqueous solution of a non-toxic anionic polymer, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), was evaluated.

Phosphate adsorption on aluminum-impregnated mesoporous silicates: surface structure and behavior of adsorbents.

Phosphorus from excess fertilizers and detergents ends up washing into lakes, creeks, and rivers. This overabundance of phosphorus causes excessive aquatic plant and algae growth and depletes the dissolved oxygen supply in the water. In this study, aluminum-impregnated mesoporous adsorbents were tested for their ability to remove phosphate from water.

Aod1 controlling day 3 thymectomy-induced autoimmune ovarian dysgenesis in mice encompasses two linked quantitative trait loci with opposing allelic effects on disease susceptibility.

Day 3 thymectomy (D3Tx) leads to a paucity of CD4(+)CD25(+) suppressor T cells, a loss of peripheral tolerance, and the development of organ-specific autoimmune disease in adult mice. Importantly, D3Tx does not lead to autoimmune disease in all mouse strains, indicating that this process is genetically controlled. Previously, we reported linkage of D3Tx-induced autoimmune ovarian dysgenesis (AOD) and its intermediate phenotypes, antiovarian autoantibody responsiveness, oophoritis, and atrophy, to five quantitative trait loci (QTL), designated Aod1 through Aod5.