Impact of variant histology in the prognosis of non‑muscle invasive bladder cancer with low‑tumor burden: A propensity score‑matched analysis with conventional urothelial carcinoma.

Bladder cancer (BCa) with variant histology (VH) is associated with an increased risk of recurrence and progression, as well as worse survival. However, the available literature does not provide the prognostic value of VH based on its tumor burden in non-muscle invasive BCa (NMIBC). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prognosis of VH in NMIBC with low-tumor volume compared with conventional urothelial carcinoma (UC) with a similar tumor burden.

Non-Mitochondrial Aconitase-2 Mediates the Transcription of Nuclear-Encoded Electron Transport Chain Genes in Fission Yeast.

Aconitase-2 (Aco2) is present in the mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus of fission yeast. To explore its function beyond the well-known role in the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, we conducted genome-wide profiling using the aco2ΔNLS mutant, which lacks a nuclear localization signal (NLS). The RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data showed a general downregulation of electron transport chain (ETC) genes in the aco2ΔNLS mutant, except for those in the complex II, leading to a growth defect in respiratory-prone media.

Prophylactic efficacy of baicalin and carvacrol against Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm on food and food contact surfaces.

This study examines the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effectiveness of baicalin and carvacrol against Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium on food contact surfaces and chicken meat. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for baicalin and carvacrol were found to be 100 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL, respectively, which aligns with findings from previous studies.

Isolation and characterization of multidrug-resistant Salmonella-specific bacteriophages and their antibacterial efficiency in chicken breast.

The use of phages as biocontrol agents against antibiotic-resistant strains of Salmonella spp. is gaining attention. This study aimed to isolate lytic bacteriophages specific for multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium; it also evaluated the bactericidal effect of isolated phages (STP-1, STP-2, STP-3, and STP-4) from sewage sample against S.

Functional viromic screens uncover regulatory RNA elements.

The number of sequenced viral genomes has surged recently, presenting an opportunity to understand viral diversity and uncover unknown regulatory mechanisms. Here, we conducted a screening of 30,367 viral segments from 143 species representing 96 genera and 37 families. Using a library of viral segments in 3' UTR, we identified hundreds of elements impacting RNA abundance, translation, and nucleocytoplasmic distribution.

Prolapsed Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential: A Case Report and Review of Radiologic Findings.

Introduction: Uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) is a rare tumor that arises in the myometrium of the uterus. It is regarded as an intermediate malignant tumor according to the recent World Health Organization classification. Few studies have reported the radiologic findings of STUMP, and the differentiation of STUMP from leiomyoma remains controversial.

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Hyper-IgM Syndrome in a 6-Year-Old Boy.

Hyper-immunoglobulin (Ig) M syndrome is a congenital immunodeficiency disorder characterized by increased serum IgM with low serum IgG, IgA, and IgE. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with hyper-IgM syndrome as an underlying disease who showed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging after visiting the hospital due to left upper extremity muscle weakness, gait disturbance, and speech impairment. At the time of hospitalization, he was treated with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, and his condition improved somewhat, but 6 months later, he visited the hospital with rapid deterioration.

Coexpression of lymphocyte-activation gene 3 and programmed death ligand-1 in tumor infiltrating immune cells predicts worse outcome in renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) represents a potential immune checkpoint target for cancer treatment. We investigated LAG-3 expression and its prognostic value in patients with surgically treated clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and correlated LAG-3 expression with programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1).

Methods: We evaluated LAG-3 and PD-L1 expression using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays incorporating 134 primary excision specimens of clear cell RCC (ccRCC).

A Patient of Venous Hemangioma of the Inferior Turbinate.

Sinonasal hemangiomas are relatively rare among the hemangiomas that occur from the head and neck parts. According to their histopathologic findings, they are classified as capillary, cavernous, or venous type. Some cases of capillary or cavernous hemangioma that occur from the inferior turbinate have been reported.

Non-mitochondrial aconitase regulates the expression of iron-uptake genes by controlling the RNA turnover process in fission yeast.

Aconitase, a highly conserved protein across all domains of life, functions in converting citrate to isocitrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Cytosolic aconitase is also known to act as an iron regulatory protein in mammals, binding to the RNA hairpin structures known as iron-responsive elements within the untranslated regions of specific RNAs. Aconitase-2 (Aco2) in fission yeast is a fusion protein consisting of an aconitase and a mitochondrial ribosomal protein, bL21, residing not only in mitochondria but also in cytosol and the nucleus.

Pancreatic Acinar Cell Cystadenoma Mimicking Pancreatic Serous Cystadenoma.

Acinar cell cystadenoma, also known as an acinar cystic transformation of the pancreas, is an exceedingly rare but benign pancreatic lesion. A 51-year-old woman was transferred to Inje University Busan Paik Hospital because of an 8 cm-sized calcified, multiseptated, and multilocular cystic mass in the pancreatic tail observed during abdominal CT performed at another hospital. The patient did not complain of abdominal pain or other symptoms, and her laboratory findings were normal.

The application of bacteriophage to control planktonic and biofilm growth in infant formula milk.

The goal was to identify the biofilm-forming ability of on surfaces of stainless steel (SS) and silicone rubber (SR) in contact with infant formula milk. Two representative bacteriophages (PBES04 and PBES19) were used to control the growth of as well as its biofilm forming ability on either SS or SR surfaces. Bacterial growth was confirmed at 20 °C when PBES04 and PBES19 were used, whereas was not normally detected in infant formula milk treated with both bacteriophages for 6 h.

Retropharyngeal chordoma extending to the spinal cord, mimicking a neurogenic tumor: a case report and literature review.

Chordomas are rare, locally aggressive bone malignancies with poor prognoses. However, those with minimal or no bone involvement are more easily resectable because of their well-delineated margins and thus have better prognoses. Such extraosseous chordomas of the spine are localized both intradurally and extradurally.

Correlations between the Clinical and Ultrasonographic Parameters of Congenital Muscular Torticollis without a Sternocleidomastoid Mass.

Objective: To determine whether ultrasonography at initial presentation can help assess the clinical severity of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) in infants without a sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) mass.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 71 infants aged less than 12 months (4.1 ± 2.

Comparison of Ultrasonography Features and K-TIRADS for Isthmic and Lobar Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas: A Single-Center Study.

This study aimed to compare ultrasonography (US) features and the Korean-Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) categories for diagnosing isthmic and lobar papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). From January 2009 to December 2012, 163 patients who underwent thyroid surgery and were confirmed with a post-operative histopathological diagnosis of isthmic PTC were retrospectively included. Fifty-nine patients were excluded because their tumor size was <0.

Viral hijacking of the TENT4-ZCCHC14 complex protects viral RNAs via mixed tailing.

TENT4 enzymes generate 'mixed tails' of diverse nucleotides at 3' ends of RNAs via nontemplated nucleotide addition to protect messenger RNAs from deadenylation. Here we discover extensive mixed tailing in transcripts of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), generated via a similar mechanism exploiting the TENT4-ZCCHC14 complex. TAIL-seq on HBV and HCMV RNAs revealed that TENT4A and TENT4B are responsible for mixed tailing and protection of viral poly(A) tails.

Prevalence and Features of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst on Ultrasonography, According to Radioactive Iodine Therapy: A Single-Center Study.

The relationship between radioactive iodine therapy (RIT) and prevalence of thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) on ultrasonography (US) has not been reported. We assessed the prevalence and US features of TGDC according to RIT. From July 2017 to June 2018, 3,146 subjects underwent thyroid or neck US at our center.

Characterization of Salmonella spp.-specific bacteriophages and their biocontrol application in chicken breast meat.

Chicken breast meat is considered as the main source of Salmonella infection in humans. The aim of this study was to isolate lytic bacteriophages specific for Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and examine their efficacy in a cocktail for the biocontrol of Salmonella spp. in raw chicken breast meat.

Genomic Landscape of Young-Onset Bladder Cancer and Its Prognostic Implications on Adult Bladder Cancer.

Due to the rare occurrence of young-onset bladder cancer (YBC), its genomic characteristics remain largely unknown. Twenty-nine biopsy-proven YBC cases were collected using a nation-wide search for bladder cancer diagnosed at 20 years or younger. Whole exome sequencing and RNA sequencing were carried out in 21 and 11 cases, respectively, and compared with those of adult bladder cancer (ABC) cases obtained from public databases.

Comparison of Prevalence and Ultrasonography Features of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in Adults According to Radioactive Iodine Ablation.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) on ultrasonography (US) and US features of TGDCs in adults, and to assess whether the prevalence or size of TGDCs increases after radioactive iodine ablation (RIA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Between July and December 2018, 2820 patients underwent thyroid or neck US examination, performed by 2 radiologists, at our center. On the basis of real-time US, the presence or absence of TGDCs was prospectively investigated by 2 radiologists.

Unexpected Lung and Brain Metastases 9 Years After Thyroid Lobectomy for Follicular Adenoma: A Case Report.

Benign thyroid follicular tumors without histological evidence of carcinoma can metastasize. However, the pathogenesis of metastasis remains unclear. Here, the new proposed terminology, "non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features" should be considered.

Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System for Detecting Diffuse Thyroid Disease on Ultrasonography: A Single-Center Study.

This study aimed to compare the ultrasonography (US) features of diffuse thyroid disease (DTD) and normal thyroid parenchyma (NTP), and to propose a structured imaging reporting system for detecting DTD. This retrospective study assessed the findings for 270 consecutive patients who underwent thyroid US before thyroid surgery. The following US data were analyzed: DTD-specific features, parenchymal echotexture and echogenicity, anteroposterior diameter, glandular margin, and parenchymal vascularity.

Changes in Muscle Stiffness in Infants with Congenital Muscular Torticollis.

Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) results from unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle, usually associated with a fibrotic mass. Although CMT may resolve with physical therapy, some cases persist, resulting in long-term musculoskeletal problems. It is therefore helpful to be able to monitor and predict the outcomes of physical therapy.