Metabolic Phenotypes of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Affect the Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects women with diverse pathological phenotypes, but little is known about the effects of this variation on perinatal outcomes. We explored the metabolic phenotypes of GDM and their impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Women diagnosed with gestational glucose intolerance or GDM were categorized into subgroups according to their prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the median values of the gestational Matsuda and Stumvoll indices.

Development of a machine learning model for precision prognosis of rapid kidney function decline in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

Aims: To develop a machine learning model for predicting rapid kidney function decline in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to pinpoint key modifiable risk factors for targeted interventions.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 6,924 individuals with T2D and CKD at Seoul National University Hospital. Kidney function decline was assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate slopes.

Simple and robust high-throughput serum proteomics workflow with low-microflow LC-MS/MS.

Clinical proteomics has substantially advanced in identifying and quantifying proteins from biofluids, such as blood, contributing to the discovery of biomarkers. The throughput and reproducibility of serum proteomics for large-scale clinical sample analyses require improvements. High-throughput analysis typically relies on automated equipment, which can be costly and has limited accessibility.

Amelioration of Insulin Resistance after Delivery Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Postpartum Diabetes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Backgruound: Identifying risk factors for postpartum type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is crucial for effective interventions. We examined whether changes in insulin sensitivity after delivery affects the risk of type 2 diabetes in women with GDM.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 347 women with GDM or gestational impaired glucose tolerance, who attended the follow-up visits at 2 months postpartum and annually thereafter.

Discrepancy Between Genetically Predicted and Observed BMI Predicts Incident Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Obesity is a key predictor of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, metabolic complications are not solely due to increased BMI. We hypothesized that differences between genetically predicted BMI and observed BMI (BMI-diff) could reflect deviation from individual set point and may predict incident T2D.

Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone Add-on in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled with Metformin and Dapagliflozin: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, and Placebo-controlled Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety profile of pioglitazone compared with placebo (PBO) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled with metformin and dapagliflozin.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, PBO-controlled trial, 366 patients with T2D who did not meet glycemic targets (7.0% ≤ glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA] ≤ 10.

Long-term efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin in Korean people with type 2 diabetes: A 52-week extension of a Phase 3 randomized controlled trial.

Aims: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of enavogliflozin monotherapy (0.3 mg/day) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: Following a 24-week randomized, double-blind treatment period with enavogliflozin 0.

Efficacy and tolerability of initial triple combination therapy with metformin, dapagliflozin and saxagliptin compared with stepwise add-on therapy in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes (TRIPLE-AXEL study): A multicentre, randomized, 104-week, open-label, active-controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of an initial triple combination therapy (TCT) compared with conventional stepwise add-on therapy (SAT) in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: This multicentre, randomized, 104-week, open-label trial randomized 105 patients with drug-naïve T2D (with HbA1c level ≥ 8.0%, < 11.

Higher Genetic Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated With a Faster Decline of β-Cell Function in an East Asian Population.

Objective: While most genetic variants of type 2 diabetes (T2D) are suggested to be associated with β-cell dysfunction cross sectionally, their association with the longitudinal change of β-cell function remains largely unknown.

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed data from 6,311 participants without T2D at baseline (mean [SD] age 51.6 [8.

Alcohol is neither a risk factor nor a protective factor for sudden cardiac death and/or fatal ventricular arrhythmia: A population-based study with genetic traits and alcohol consumption in the UK Biobank.

Background: The association between alcohol consumption and the risk of sudden cardiac death and/or fatal ventricular arrhythmia remains controversial.

Objective: We analyzed the association between alcohol consumption, genetic traits for alcohol metabolism, and the risk of sudden cardiac death and/or fatal ventricular arrhythmia.

Methods: We identified 397,164 individuals enrolled between 2006 and 2010 from the UK Biobank database and followed them until 2021.

Comparison between a tubeless, on-body automated insulin delivery system and a tubeless, on-body sensor-augmented pump in type 1 diabetes: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Aims/hypothesis: This study compares the efficacy and safety of a tubeless, on-body automated insulin delivery (AID) system with that of a tubeless, on-body sensor-augmented pump (SAP).

Methods: This multicentre, parallel-group, RCT was conducted at 13 tertiary medical centres in South Korea. Adults aged 19-69 years with type 1 diabetes who had HbA levels of <85.

Risk prediction and interaction analysis using polygenic risk score of type 2 diabetes in a Korean population.

Joint modelling of genetic and environmental risk factors can provide important information to predict the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, to predict the genetic risk of T2D, we constructed a polygenic risk score (PRS) using genotype data of one Korean cohort, KARE (745 cases and 2549 controls), and the genome-wide association study summary statistics of Biobank Japan. We evaluated the performance of PRS in an independent Korean cohort, HEXA (5684 cases and 35,703 controls).

The clinical relevance of a polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Korean population.

The clinical utility of a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) polygenic risk score (PRS) in the East Asian population remains underexplored. We aimed to examine the potential prognostic value of a T2DM PRS and assess its viability as a clinical instrument. We first established a T2DM PRS for 5490 Korean individuals using East Asian Biobank data (269,487 samples).

Clinical Characteristics of Diabetes in People with Mitochondrial DNA 3243A>G Mutation in Korea.

Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a rare mitochondrial disorder primarily resulting from m.3243A>G mutation. The clinical characteristics of MIDD exhibit significant heterogeneity.

Risk of newly developed atrial fibrillation by alcohol consumption differs according to genetic predisposition to alcohol metabolism: a large-scale cohort study with UK Biobank.

Background: The predictive relationship between mild-to-moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial.

Objective: We investigated whether the relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of incident AF could be associated with the genetic predisposition to alcohol metabolism.

Methods: A total of 399,329 subjects with genetic data from the UK Biobank database, enrolled between 2006 and 2010, were identified and followed for incident AF until 2021.

Refining the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Perinatal outcomes vary for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The precise factors beyond glycemic status that may refine GDM diagnosis remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of potential precision markers for GDM.

Type 2 Diabetes Modifies the Association of CAD Genomic Risk Variants With Subclinical Atherosclerosis.

Background: Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), but questions remain about the underlying pathology. Identifying which CAD loci are modified by T2D in the development of subclinical atherosclerosis (coronary artery calcification [CAC], carotid intima-media thickness, or carotid plaque) may improve our understanding of the mechanisms leading to the increased CAD in T2D.

Methods: We compared the common and rare variant associations of known CAD loci from the literature on CAC, carotid intima-media thickness, and carotid plaque in up to 29 670 participants, including up to 24 157 normoglycemic controls and 5513 T2D cases leveraging whole-genome sequencing data from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine program.