Kikuchi-Fujimoto lymphadenitis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection: The importance of precision pathology.

Background: Kikuchi-Fujimoto lymphadenitis (or histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis) is a rare disease that is usually benign and self-limiting. A higher prevalence is reported amongst East Asian populations. No clear etiology has been identified although it has been associated with some viruses, rarely the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and autoimmune pathologies.

The impact of anger on intertemporal decision-making in individuals with internet addiction: an fNIRS study.

Intertemporal decision-making is the choice between an immediate smaller reward (SS) and a delayed larger reward (LL). Intertemporal decision-making depends on the interaction of the cognitive and emotional systems, and the latter is particularly vital. According to the Appraisal Tendency Frame (ATF) theory, anger influences intertemporal decision-making by increasing an individual's sense of certainty and control.

A phosphorylation signal activates genome-wide transcriptional control by BfmR, the global regulator of resistance and virulence.

The nosocomial pathogen is a major threat to human health. The sensor kinase-response regulator system, BfmS-BfmR, is essential to multidrug resistance and virulence in the bacterium and represents a potential antimicrobial target. Important questions remain about how the system controls resistance and pathogenesis.

Assessing Elevated Blood Glucose Levels Through Blood Glucose Evaluation and Monitoring Using Machine Learning and Wearable Photoplethysmography Sensors: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most challenging and fastest-growing global public health concern. Approximately 10.5% of the global adult population is affected by diabetes, and almost half of them are undiagnosed.

Meta-analysis and open-source database for in vivo brain Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy in health and disease.

Proton (H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive tool capable of quantifying brain metabolite concentrations in vivo. Prioritization of standardization and accessibility in the field has led to the development of universal pulse sequences, methodological consensus recommendations, and the development of open-source analysis software packages. One on-going challenge is methodological validation with ground-truth data.

Meta-analysis and Open-source Database for In Vivo Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Health and Disease.

Proton ( H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive tool capable of quantifying brain metabolite concentrations . Prioritization of standardization and accessibility in the field has led to the development of universal pulse sequences, methodological consensus recommendations, and the development of open-source analysis software packages. One on-going challenge is methodological validation with ground-truth data.

Technology-enabled virtual ward for COVID management of the elderly and immunocompromised in Singapore: a descriptive cohort.

Background: To address the hospital bed demand for Delta and Omicron surges in Singapore, the National University Health System (NUHS) developed a COVID Virtual Ward to relieve bed pressures on its three acute hospitals-National University Hospital, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Alexandra Hospital. To serve a multilingual population, the COVID Virtual Ward featuring protocolized teleconsultation of high-risk patients, use of a vital signs chatbot, supplemented by home visits where necessary. This study aims to evaluate the safety, outcomes and utilisation of the Virtual Ward as a scalable response to COVID-19 surges.

M1-like, but not M0- or M2-like, macrophages, reduce RSV infection of primary bronchial epithelial cells in a media-dependent fashion.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common childhood infection that in young infants can progress into severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Disease pathogenesis results from both viral mediated and host immune processes of which alveolar macrophages play an important part. Here, we investigated the role of different types of alveolar macrophages on RSV infection using an in vitro co-culture model involving primary tissue-derived human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and human blood monocyte-derived M0-like, M1-like, or M2-like macrophages.

Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment (EXIT) Into the World: A Multidisciplinary Approach and Outcomes in a Malaysia Tertiary Centre.

Fetal airway obstruction that present during birth are challenging to manage. Cervical and thoracic mass may cause significant airway compression that leads to irreversible fetal morbidity and mortality. With the current advancement in prenatal diagnosis and assessment for surgical planning, EXIT has become an accepted, recognized and preferred option for safe delivery in complex head and neck masses.

Infodemic and fake news - A comprehensive overview of its global magnitude during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021: A scoping review.

The spread of fake news increased dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. This study aims to synthesize the extant literature to understand the magnitude of this phenomenon in the wake of the pandemic in 2021, focusing on the motives and sociodemographic profiles, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools developed, and the top trending topics related to fake news. A scoping review was adopted targeting articles published in five academic databases (January 2021-November 2021), resulting in 97 papers.

The role of computer-assisted radiographer reporting in lung cancer screening programmes.

Objectives: Successful lung cancer screening delivery requires sensitive, timely reporting of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans, placing a demand on radiology resources. Trained non-radiologist readers and computer-assisted detection (CADe) software may offer strategies to optimise the use of radiology resources without loss of sensitivity. This report examines the accuracy of trained reporting radiographers using CADe support to report LDCT scans performed as part of the Lung Screen Uptake Trial (LSUT).

Managing Challenging Patient Interactions in Breast Imaging.

Managing challenging patient interactions can be a daily stressor for breast imaging radiologists, leading to burnout. This article offers communication and behavioral practices for radiologists that help reduce radiologists' stress during these encounters. Patient scenarios viewed as difficult can vary among radiologists.

Assessing the Binding Specificity of Histone Modification Reader Proteins Using Histone Peptide Arrays.

In the field of chromatin biology, a major goal of understanding the roles of histone post-translational modifications is to identify the proteins and domains that recognize these modifications. Synthetic histone peptides containing one or more modifications are a key tool to probe these interactions in pull-down assays with recombinant proteins or cell lysates. Building on these approaches, the binding specificity of a protein of interest can be screened against many histone peptides in parallel using a peptide array.

Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common problem associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There have been anecdotal reports of the efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) in improving liver function parameters in those with concomitant T2DM and NAFLD/NASH. We sought to systematically evaluate the evidence of SGLT2Is in improving liver function parameters in T2DM patients with NAFLD, considering the risks of random error based on trial sequential analysis (TSA).

Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer: A Review for Breast Radiologists.

Gene expression profiling has reshaped our understanding of breast cancer by identifying four molecular subtypes: (1) luminal A, (2) luminal B, (3) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched, and (4) basal-like, which have critical differences in incidence, response to treatment, disease progression, survival, and imaging features. Luminal tumors are most common (60%-70%), characterized by estrogen receptor (ER) expression. Luminal A tumors have the best prognosis of all subtypes, whereas patients with luminal B tumors have significantly shorter overall and disease-free survival.

Mixed-Methods Study to Predict Upstaging of DCIS to Invasive Disease on Mammography.

The incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has steadily increased, as have concerns regarding overtreatment. Active surveillance is a novel treatment strategy that avoids surgical excision, but identifying patients with occult invasive disease who should be excluded from active surveillance is challenging. Radiologists are not typically expected to predict the upstaging of DCIS to invasive disease, though they might be trained to perform this task.

Lung Screen Uptake Trial: results from a single lung cancer screening round.

The Lung Screen Uptake Trial tested a novel invitation strategy to improve uptake and reduce socioeconomic and smoking-related inequalities in lung cancer screening (LCS) participation. It provides one of the first UK-based 'real-world' LCS cohorts. Of 2012 invited, 1058 (52.

A short review of undergraduate occupational medicine training.

Background: Medical schools worldwide allocate little time and utilize varying formats in the teaching of occupational medicine (OM) to undergraduate medical students.

Aims: To identify undergraduate OM teaching formats and highlight key findings in these different methods.

Methods: A limited literature search conducted on PubMed and Scopus identified relevant articles published in English and between the years 2009 and 2018.

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Biology, Language, and Active Surveillance: A Survey of Breast Radiologists' Knowledge and Opinions.

Purpose: To understand how breast radiologists perceive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

Materials And Methods: A 19-item survey was developed by the Society of Breast Imaging Patient Care and Delivery Committee and distributed to all Society of Breast Imaging members. The survey queried respondents' demographics, knowledge of DCIS biology, language used to discuss a new diagnosis of DCIS, and perspectives on active surveillance for DCIS.

Dreams prior to biopsy for suspected breast cancer: A preliminary survey.

Warning dreams prior to the onset of symptoms have been reported in a previous survey of self-selected women with breast cancer. There is no available data on how many women with suspected breast cancer have such dreams, so anonymous surveys were offered to women who came for biopsy at a university breast imaging center over a period of 3 months. 163 women completed the survey reporting that 64% usually remember their dreams, 41% have had dreams that came true, and 5% keep a dream diary.