Body Composition in Cases with Normal Alanine Aminotransferase Values in Medical Health Checkups.

Background And Aims: We aimed to clarify the relationship between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and body composition in Japanese medical health checkups, especially in cases with ALT ≤ 30 IU/L (7569 men and 9497 women).

Methods: We categorized our study cohort into four groups: type A (ALT value ≤ 10 IU/L), type B (11 ≤ ALT value ≤ 20 IU/L), type C (21 ≤ ALT value ≤ 30 IU/L) and type D (ALT value > 30 IU/L (ALT over 30)). We retrospectively compared body composition-related parameters (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat (F) index, fatty liver index (FLI), fat-free (FF) index and F-FF ratio) among the four types.

Fatty liver index and somatic composition in subjects receiving medical health checkup.

Aims: To elucidate the relationship between fatty liver index (FLI) and somatic composition among health checkup recipients (4533 men and 4877 women).

Methods: Fat (F) index, fat-free (FF) index, and fat mass to fat-free mass (F-FF) ratio was measured by bioimpedance analysis. Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) loss was defined as FF index <18 kg/m in men and FF index <15 kg/m in women.

Body Composition in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Impact of Body Surface Area.

Background/aim: To examine the relationship between the body surface area (BSA) and body composition in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, 2,141 men and 986 women).

Materials And Methods: BSA and body composition parameters were examined.

Results: The median body mass index (BMI) was 25.

Changes in alanine aminotransferase and body composition and metabolic factors among individuals receiving medical health checkups.

Aim: To examine the relationship between changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and those in body composition and metabolic factors in participants receiving medical health checkups (4350 men [mean age 52.5 years] and 5398 women [mean age 50.5 years]) METHODS: We divided the participants into four types based on their ALT value at baseline and 1 year: A, ALT ≤30 (baseline) and ≤30 (1 year); B, ALT ≥31 (baseline) and ≤30 (1 year); C, ALT ≤30 (baseline) and ≥31 (1 year); and D, ALT ≥31 (baseline) and ≥31 (1 year).

Supplemental effects of different production methods of pine needle additives on growth performance, intestinal environment, meat quality and serum of broiler chickens.

Objective: Pine needles are rich in many nutrients and exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant biological activities; however, the effects of different production methods of pine needle additives on the growth performance and intestinal flora of broiler chickens are not known.

Methods: Normal diets were supplemented with pine needle fermentation juice (PNF), pine needle soaking juice (PNS), or pine needle powder (PNP), and the associated effects on growth performance, relative organ weights, intestinal development, intestinal histological morphology, intestinal flora, meat quality, and serum indicators in broiler chickens were observed.

Results: The results showed that PNF, PNS, and PNP all significantly improved feed utilisation and promoted the growth and development of broilers.

An Exopolysaccharide from Genistein-Stimulated : Structural Characterization and Protective Effects against DSS-Induced Intestinal Barrier Injury Associated with the Gut Microbiota-Modulated Short-Chain Fatty Acid-TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB Cascade Response.

Inflammatory bowel disease is a major health problem that can lead to prolonged damage to the digestive system. This study investigated the effects of an exopolysaccharide from genistein-stimulated (G-EMP) in a mouse model of colitis to clarify its molecular mechanisms and identified its structures. G-EMP ( = 56.

Long-Term Outcomes after Switching to Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B.

We sought to determine the long-term outcomes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) cases switching to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF, = 104, median age = 63.5 years). Data at switching to TAF (baseline) and those at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years from switching to TAF were compared.

Body Composition in Chronic Liver Disease.

Body composition has recently been attracting people's attention, not only from a cosmetic standpoint but also from the perspective of health and longevity. The body is classified into three components: fat, bone, and lean soft tissue, and it is common to see an increase in body fat and a decrease in total body muscle mass with aging. Aging-related loss of muscle mass and muscle function is referred to as primary sarcopenia, while sarcopenia caused by disease-specific conditions is referred to as secondary sarcopenia.

Prognostic Nutritional Index Correlates with Liver Function and Prognosis in Chronic Liver Disease Patients.

The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) is widely recognized as a screening tool for nutrition. We retrospectively examined the impact of PNI in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD, = 319, median age = 71 years, 153 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients) as an observational study. Factors associated with PNI < 40 were also examined.

Prognostic and Diagnostic Power of Delta Neutrophil Index and Mean Platelet Component in Febrile Patients with Suspected Sepsis.

Background: The delta neutrophil index (DNI), a prognostic and diagnostic marker for sepsis, is based on the leukocyte count. Platelet activation, similar to leukocyte activation, plays a crucial role in host defense against pathogens and may serve as a predictor of sepsis outcome. However, the combined evaluation of mean platelet component (MPC) and DNI has rarely been used to assess sepsis.

Association between the Suita Score and Body Composition in Japanese Adults: A Large Cross-Sectional Study.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the Suita score (a prediction model for the development of cardiovascular disease) and body composition in Japanese health check-up subjects (6873 men and 8685 women). The Suita score includes 8 items (age, gender, smoking, diabetes, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and chronic kidney disease). Factors associated with the Suita score within body composition-related parameters (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass index, fat-free mass index, fat mass to fat-free mass ratio (F-FF ratio), and water mass index) as assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis were examined.

Insulin Resistance: A Marker for Fat-to-Lean Body Composition in Japanese Adults.

We sought to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and body composition as assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis in Japanese health check-up recipients (1186 men and 1441 women). IR was defined as a Homeostasis Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) ≥ 2.5.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatitis: Advanced Diagnosis and Management with a Focus on the Prevention of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Though the world-wide hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination program has been well completed for almost thirty years in many nations, almost HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs in unvaccinated middle-aged and elderly adults. Apparently, treating 80% of qualified subjects could decrease HBV-related mortality by 65% in a short period. Nevertheless, globally, only 2.

Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented .

Ramie (, BN) is used as livestock forage through suitable silage fermentation owing to its nutritional value. To date, relatively few studies have investigated the effects of dietary fermented BN (FBN) on gut health in finishing pigs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 20% FBN on intestinal morphology, gene expression, and the functional response of the gut microbiota in finishing pigs.

Body Composition Analysis in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.

We sought to examine body composition using bioimpedance analysis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD, 2014 males and 949 females). Factors linked to the fat-free mass index (FF index) were examined using univariate and multivariate analysis. An FF index < 18 kg/m in males and an FF index < 15 kg/m in females were defined as having decreased skeletal muscle mass.

Stepwise co-fermented traditional Chinese medicine byproducts improve antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a piglet model.

Background: Lianhua Qingwen capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula having antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. During capsule production, a large amount of byproducts will be yielded and disposed of as waste by burying. Resourceful utilization of these kinds of TCM byproducts as feed additives through stage-based co-fermentation using enzyme and probiotics could reduce environmental stress and resource shortage.

Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor-Focusing on Its Heterogeneity.

Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumors (IPTs) are defined as benign, non-malignant, non-metastasizing tumors characterized by the presence of myofibroblastic spindle cells, hetorogenous populations of inflammatory cells, particularly plasma cells, lymphocytes and macrophages, as well as locations of fibrosis and necrosis without cellular anaplasia or atypical mitoses. Despite subsequent reports in the references, hepatic IPT remains difficult to diagnose; while posing major issues specifically for its differential diagnosis compared with that of other various benign diseases and malignant hepatic tumors. Histopathological findings are always a requisite for confirming the diagnosis, particularly given that the pathogenesis of IPT remains ambiguous to date.

Expression of Immune-Related and Inflammatory Markers and Their Prognostic Impact in Colorectal Cancer Patients.

The tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is heterogenous; thus, it is likely that multiple immune-related and inflammatory markers are simultaneously expressed in the tumor. The aim of this study was to identify immune-related and inflammatory markers expressed in freshly frozen CRC tissues and to investigate whether they are related to the clinicopathological features and prognosis of CRC. Seventy patients with CRC who underwent curative surgical resection between December 2014 and January 2017 were included in this study.

Accurate SARC-F Score in Patients with Liver Disease.

SARC-F is a well-accepted screening tool for sarcopenia. A SARC-F value of 1 point is reported to be more discriminating in identifying sarcopenia than 4 points (recommended cutoff point). The prognostic impact of the SARC-F score was investigated in patients with liver disease (LD, = 269, median age = 71 years, 96 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases).

Comprehensive genome analysis of Burkholderia contaminans SK875, a quorum-sensing strain isolated from the swine.

The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is a Gram-negative bacterial, including Burkholderia contaminans species. Although the plain Burkholderia is pervasive from taxonomic and genetic perspectives, a common characteristic is that they may use the quorum-sensing (QS) system. In our previous study, we generated the complete genome sequence of Burkholderia contaminans SK875 isolated from the respiratory tract.

HB Surface Antigen Level as a Useful Predictor for the Treatment Response to Tenofovir Alafenamide in Nucleoside Analogue Naïve Chronic Hepatitis B.

Aim: To elucidate factors contributing to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA clearance following tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) therapy in nucleoside analogue (NA) naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (n=92, 11 cirrhotic cases).

Patients And Methods: The time interval between the start of TAF therapy and first confirmed undetectable HBV-DNA after TAF therapy was calculated. Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors related to undetectable HBV-DNA after TAF therapy were performed.