Trajectories of activities of daily living according to dementia among middle-aged and older people in South Korea: a longitudinal study from 2006 to 2020 (14 years).

Introduction: The aging population in South Korea faces numerous health challenges, one of which is the decline in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). This study aims to investigate the patterns of change in ADL and IADL among older adults and examines how these patterns vary between individuals with and without dementia.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of data collected from the Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) between 2006 and 2022.

Executive function and effortful control-Similar and different evidence from big data analysis.

Introduction: The current study explored commonalities and similarities between executive function (EF) and effortful control (EC).

Methods: The major empirical studies published between 2013 and 2022 in the World of Science (WoS) was collected. The bibliographic information was systematically analyzed.

The Development of Relational Reasoning in South Korean Elementary and Middle-School Students: A Cross-Sectional Investigation.

Relational reasoning is a higher-order executive function that involves the ability to perceive meaningful patterns within a body of seemingly unrelated information. In this study, the ability of 749 fourth ( = 10), sixth ( = 12), eighth ( = 14), and tenth graders ( = 16) to identify meaningful relational patterns was investigated. This general cognitive ability was assessed by means of the Test of Relational Reasoning-Junior (TORRjr), a 32-item measure organized into four 8-item scales that assess analogical, anomalous, antinomous, and antithetical reasoning.

Effects of parents' employment status on changes in body mass index and percent body fat in adolescent girls.

Background: Parents' employment status is frequently cited as a possible predictor of child weight status. Despite the importance of the topic, only a few studies have been conducted. No longitudinal studies have been conducted in the United States.

A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of travel by walking before and after school among eighth-grade girls.

Purpose: To examine "travel by walking" (TBW) before and after school among eighth-grade girls.

Methods: Participants attended 36 middle schools from Arizona, Maryland, Minnesota, Louisiana, California, and South Carolina participating in the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls. The cross-sectional sample consisted of 3,076 eighth-grade girls, and the longitudinal sample included 1,017 girls who participated in both sixth and eighth grades.

Effects of the PREMIER interventions on health-related quality of life.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important aspect of well-being that may improve with health behavior interventions. However, health behavior change is difficult with pressure to maintain status quo.

Purpose: This report examines the effects of two lifestyle interventions and an advice-only condition on HRQOL.