Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Select Bacteria From Retail Seafood-United States, 2019.

In 2019, the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) surveyed raw salmon, shrimp, and tilapia from retail grocery outlets in eight states to assess the prevalence of bacterial contamination and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the isolates. Prevalence of the targeted bacterial genera ranged among the commodities: (0%-0.4%), (19%-26%), (7%-43%), (0.

A National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System Survey of Antimicrobial-Resistant Foodborne Bacteria Isolated from Retail Veal in the United States.

Abstract: Little is known about the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria in veal meat in the United States. We estimated the prevalence of bacterial contamination and AMR in various veal meats collected during the 2018 U.S.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Indicator Organisms and spp. Isolated from U.S. Animal Food, 2005-2011.

The role animal food plays in the introduction of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria into the human food chain is not well understood. We conducted an analysis of 1025 samples (647 pet food and 378 animal feed) collected across the United States during 2005-2011 for two indicator organisms ( and spp.).

Diverse Fluoroquinolone Resistance Plasmids From Retail Meat in the United States.

Fluoroquinolones are used to treat serious bacterial infections, including those caused by and . The emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) represent a new challenge to the successful treatment of Gram-negative infections. As part of a long-term strategy to generate a reference database of closed plasmids from antimicrobial resistant foodborne bacteria, we performed long-read sequencing of 11 isolates from retail meats that were non-susceptible to ciprofloxacin.

Disinfectant and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Campylobacter coli Isolated in 1998 to 1999 and 2015 from Swine and Commercial Pork Chops.

Susceptibility profiles were determined for 111 Campylobacter coli strains obtained in 1998 to 1999 and 2015 from market age pigs and pork chops against 22 disinfectants and 9 antimicrobials. Resistance to tetracycline (TET) was observed in 44.4% of 1998 to 1999 strains, and the antibiotic resistance profile was TET.

Proposed Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, and Colistin in Salmonella.

We tested a diverse set of 500 isolates of nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica from various animal, food, and human clinical sources for susceptibility to antimicrobials currently lacking epidemiological cutoff values (ECOFFs) set by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. A consortium of five different laboratories each tested 100 isolates, using broth microdilution panels containing twofold dilutions of ceftriaxone, cefepime, and colistin to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations of each drug when tested against the Salmonella isolates.

Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis of CTX-M Containing Escherichia coli Isolates from Retail Meats and Cattle in the United States.

In recent years, there have been increased reports on the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains from food-producing animals and animal products in the United States. We characterized 18 ESBL E. coli isolates from cattle (n = 5), chicken breast (n = 5), ground turkey (n = 6), ground beef (n = 1), and pork chops (n = 1) that were collected by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) between 2011 and 2015.

Neisseria zalophi sp. nov., isolated from oral cavity of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus).

Three independent strains of Neisseria sp. were isolated from the oral cavity of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) that were admitted to The Marine Mammal Center facilities in California, USA. The strains were isolated from oral swabs by cultivation on Trypticase Soy agar with 5% sheep blood under aerobic conditions.

Gyrase A Mutations in Campylobacter Associated with Decreased Susceptibility to Different Fluoroquinolones.

Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne diarrheal illness worldwide, and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains is a major global public health concern. The goal of this study was to compare the activity of different fluoroquinolone antibiotics against ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Isolates from retail meats collected between 2002 and 2009 were selected based on their in vitro susceptibility testing results against ciprofloxacin.

Effects of low concentrations of erythromycin, penicillin, and virginiamycin on bacterial resistance development in vitro.

Distillers grains are co-products of the corn ethanol industry widely used in animal feed. We examined the effects of erythromycin, penicillin, and virginiamycin at low concentrations reflective of those detected in distillers grains on bacterial resistance selection. At 0.

WGS accurately predicts antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of WGS in identifying resistance genotypes of MDR Escherichia coli and whether these correlate with observed phenotypes.

Methods: Seventy-six E. coli strains were isolated from farm cattle and measured for phenotypic resistance to 15 antimicrobials with the Sensititre(®) system.

Genetic characterization of Escherichia coli O104 isolates from different sources in the United States.

Escherichia coli O104 isolates collected from different sources in the United States were examined for virulence genes typical of enterohemorrhagic E. coli and those identified in the O104:H4 isolate associated with the 2011 German outbreak. The unexpected presence of virulence markers in these isolates highlights the importance of screening unusual and potentially pathogenic Shiga toxin-producing E.

Identification and antimicrobial resistance of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from retail meats.

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) causes a variety of infections outside the gastrointestinal tract. Retail meats are frequently contaminated with E. coli strains, and they might serve as a vehicle for transmitting ExPEC.

Genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine milk samples.

Objective: To determine whether particular antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of bovine mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus isolates were associated with specific S aureus genotypes.

Sample Population: 357 S aureus isolates recovered from milk samples submitted for diagnostic bacteriologic testing from 24 dairy herds.

Procedures: Antimicrobial susceptibility of S aureus isolates was assessed by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to 14 antimicrobial agents.

Broth microdilution susceptibility testing of Campylobacter jejuni and the determination of quality control ranges for fourteen antimicrobial agents.

Quality control ranges were developed for broth microdilution testing of Campylobacter jejuni ATCC 33560 against 14 antimicrobials. Cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth containing 2.5% laked horse blood was the preferred medium, with incubation in a microaerobic atmosphere of 10% CO(2), 5% O(2), and 85% N(2) at 36 degrees C for 48 h or 42 degrees C for 24 h.