Exploring the link between leptin levels and metabolic syndrome in elderly Indian patients: Implications for family medicine and primary care practices.

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS), according to the Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Programme, is a collection of metabolic abnormalities that includes one, two, or all three of the following traits: obesity in the abdomen, dyslipidemia, hypertension, fasting blood sugar, or insulin resistance. This study's aim was to assess the relationship between fasting serum leptin and MetS in elderly adults with T2DM in the Northern Indian population.

Material And Methods: The following information was collected from all the participants: (1) anthropometric data, (2) biochemical data, and (3) a lifestyle questionnaire on sociodemographic data, dietary practices, smoking, and alcohol intake to identify their risk factors for diabetes mellitus, CVD, and hypertension.

Recurrent pyogenic brain abscess in immunocompetent patient by Bacteroides fragilis: A silent cause of concern.

Anaerobic bacteria are rare but important cause of otogenic brain abscess. Improved patient management techniques and early clinical and laboratory diagnosis of otogenic infections are necessary to reduce the risk of intracranial complications. Here we present a case of recurrent pyogenic brain abscess caused by Bacteroides fragilis secondary to otitis media.

Role of vitamin D and leptin levels in PCOS in young women: A family medicine perspective.

Introduction: Adolescent girls and young women of childbearing age are the main populations affected by endocrinopathy known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is especially important to take into account whether clinical and biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism are present in female patients. In maintaining metabolic homeostasis, leptin is crucial.

Rapid, culture-free detection of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a case of bloodstream infection using genomics.

Timely diagnosis and treatment of sepsis is a major challenge faced by critical care specialists around the world. The traditional blood culture methods have a significant turnaround time which delays targeted therapy leading to poor prognosis. In the current study, we highlight the clinical utility of a genomics solution for diagnosis and management of bloodstream infections by combining the real-time DNA sequencing of Oxford Nanopore Technology with an automated genomic data analysis software.

Determining the role of NT-proBNP levels in diabetic patients with heart failure: A study from North India.

Background: Diabetic patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. NT-proBNP levels measurements are useful for the assessment of risk in heart failure patients in emergency condition and give the faster result. Further, it also offers lower cost and unnecessary hospitalization and follow-up cost.

Anaerobes in cardiac infections: A decade experience from the tertiary care center.

Purpose: Anaerobic infections are common yet life-threatening. They are being recovered from all sites of the body, including the cardiovascular system. This study was aimed to determine the retrospective analysis on the isolation of anaerobes in cardiovascular samples received for a decade-long duration.

An emerging nosocomial skin and soft-tissue pathogen.

The genus Corynebacterium is composed of Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacilli that are widely distributed throughout the environment. They are usually found as commensals on the skin and are often considered as mere contaminants when isolated from clinical samples. We describe a patient with skin and soft-tissue infections due to Corynebacterium striatum following exploratory laparotomy identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.

Infective Endocarditis Caused by The First Case Report from India.

is a gram-positive anaerobic bacteria most commonly isolated from skin and soft tissue infection, penetrating injurious and intravenous drug abusers. The exotoxins produced by the bacteria are associated with toxic shock syndrome. We report here a first case of infective endocarditis due to from a female patient with ventricular septal defect from India.

Central line-associated bloodstream infections in cancer patients: An experience from a tertiary care cancer centre.

Introduction: Central venous catheters (CVCs) implanted in patients with malignancies may often be associated with local or central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), which are a major source of morbidity and rarely mortality, making such patients' care difficult and complicated.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study is a single-centre's experience including both paediatric and adult patients with malignancy, who had a CVC inserted and were receiving care at cancer centre of our hospital over a period between January 2017 and June 2018.

Results: In the period from January 2017 to June 2018, 73 confirmed cases of CLABSIs among cancer patients were included in this study.

Demographic and clinical profile of microspodial keratitis in North India: an underreported entity.

Ocular microsporidiosis was first described in immunocompromised subjects but recent reports have also shown cases in immunocompetent hosts. The database of existing clinical studies is very limited. The aim of present study was to analyse demographic profile, clinical features, microbiological profile, treatment and outcome of ocular microsporidiosis in northern India.

Multifocal hepatic abscesses in immunocompetent patient due to : Case report with review of literature.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of multifocal hepatic abscesses in a young immunocompetent adult from India, which was successfully treated with hepatectomy and short course of oral antibiotic regimen. Publishing further such case reports will provide more clarity regarding the clinical significance of the disease, including associated risk factors and appropriate treatment.

Toll like receptors (TLRs) in response to human gut microbiota of Indian obese and lean individuals.

Background: The rising incidence of obesity is one of the most serious public health issues in the developed as well as in developing countries like India. Obesity and overweight are most important risk factors for many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. In this study the body mass index (BMI) cut off was taken as 18.

Utilizing larvicidal and pupicidal efficacy of and neem oil against mosquito: An approach for mosquito control.

Background And Objectives: Plant-based products can provide safe and biodegradable mosquito control agents. The essential oils have a strong odor due to complex secondary metabolites and exhibit lower density than that of water, which renders them suitable to form a thin layer above the water surface. The present study was designed to evaluate the larvicidal, pupicidal activity of and neem oils against and .

Linezolid-resistant in leukemia patients: Rare cases with review of literature.

Resistance to linezolid is rare in clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis. Here, we report cases of linezolid resistant Enterococcus fecalis in leukemia patients with review of literature.

Concurrent syphilis and infection in bisexual male: A rare case of proctitis.

Unsafe sexual practices in men who have sex with men population lead to emergence of high-risk networks for sexually transmitted infection transmission. The atypical clinical presentation of proctitis, the unawareness of physicians and patients in this regard, and the nonavailability of molecular diagnostic methods in routine practice may have contributed to its underdiagnosis. We report a case of syphilis in a bisexual male with a concurrent rectal infection not previously reported from India.

as a cause of gas gangrene in a trauma patient.

Gas gangrene is a necrotic infection of the skin and soft tissue that is associated with high mortality and often necessitating amputation to control the infection. Clostridial myonecrosis is most often cause of gas gangrene and usually present in settings of trauma, surgery, malignancy, and other underlying immunocompromised conditions. The most common causative organism of clostridial myonecrosis is followed by .

Typing of isolates by phenotypic and genotypic techniques in New Delhi, India.

Background: The objective of this study is to investigate gonococcal isolates using phenotypic and genotypic methods.

Methodology: Sixty gonococcal isolates obtained were examined. Strains were divided into 9 resistant phenotypes: Chromosomally mediated penicillin-resistant (CMRNGP), penicillinase-producing NG (PPNG), chromosomally mediated tetracycline-resistant NG (CMRNG), TRNG, PPNG and TRNG, CMRNG, quinolone resistant NG (QRNG), Azithro R, and decreased susceptibility (DS) to ceftriaxone.

Decreasing trend of seroprevalence of leptospirosis at All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi: 2014-2018.

Background: Leptospirosis is an important emerging public health problem in India. There is limited information regarding the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in population from northern states of India. This study reports result of a 4-year-retrospective sero-epidemiological survey of leptospirosis conducted in a teaching tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India.

and Legionnaires' disease: Time to explore in India.

Legionella pneumophila was first recognised as a fatal cause of pneumonia more than four decades ago, during the 1976-American Legion convention in Philadelphia, USA. Legionella spp. continue to cause disease outbreaks of public health significance, and at present, Legionnaires' disease (LD) has emerged as an important cause of community and hospital-acquired pneumonia.

Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis: Clinical profile and diagnostic modalities.

Background: Tuberculosis is a major global health problem. Tuberculous lymphadenopathy is a most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), constitutes 35% of all cases of EPTB. Due to the paucibacillary nature of specimens, smear microscopy and culture offer low sensitivity.