Molecular form and concentration of serum α-macroglobulin in diabetes.

α-Macroglobulin is a highly abundant serum protein involved in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy. However, its circulating molecular form and exact concentrations in human health/diseases are not known. Blue native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of human serum was used to confirm the native conformation of α-macroglobulin.

Distinct biomarker roles for HbA and glycated albumin in patients with type 2 diabetes on hemodialysis.

Aims: HbA and glycated albumin (GA) are used to monitor glycemia, but their accuracy to represent glycemic profiles in hemodialysis remains controversial.

Methods: Continuous glucose monitoring in 97 patients with type 2 diabetes (41 on hemodialysis [HD] and 56 without nephropathy) was analyzed to evaluate whether HbA and/or GA serve as appropriate glycemic profile markers.

Results: The average glucose significantly correlated with HbA in both HD group and group without nephropathy (r=0.

New indices for predicting glycaemic variability.

Blood glucose variability is known to be associated with increased risk of long-term complications. Reliable indices for predicting hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic fluctuations are therefore needed. Glycaemic standard deviation (SD) obtained by continuous glucose monitoring correlates closely with nine previously described glycaemic variability formulas.