Publications by authors named "Sonja Schmelter"
Purpose: To investigate the amplitude and spatial distribution of errors in wall shear stress (WSS) values derived from 4D flow measurements caused by displacement artifacts intrinsic to the 4D flow acquisition.
Methods: Phase-contrast MRI velocimetry was performed in a model of a stenotic aorta using two different timing schemes, both of which are commonly applied in vivo but differ in their resulting displacement artifacts. Whereas one scheme is optimized to minimize the duration of the encoding gradients (herein called FAST), the other aims to specifically minimize displacement artifacts by synchronizing all three spatial-encoding time points (called ECHO).