sp. nov. and sp. nov., originating from chilled beef and chicken breast.

By investigating wet and dry age-related ripening of beef, strains V3/3/4/13 and V3/K/3/5 were isolated. Strain V3/3/4/13 exhibited more than 99 % 16S rRNA gene-based similarity to and other members of this group, while isolate V3/K/3/5 was very close to and a number of relatives within the group. Additional comparisons of complete sequences and draft genomes allowed us to place isolate V3/3/4/13 close to DSM 26521.

Health care utilizations and costs of Campylobacter enteritis in Germany: A claims data analysis.

Objective: The number of reported cases of Campylobacter enteritis (CE) remains on a high level in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the health care utilizations and direct and indirect costs of CE and sequelae of patients insured by a large health insurance with 26 million members in Germany.

Methods: Claims data of insurants with at least one CE diagnosis in 2017 (n = 13,150) were provided, of which 9,945 were included in the analysis of health care utilizations and costs.

Challenging the "gold standard" of colony-forming units - Validation of a multiplex real-time PCR for quantification of viable Campylobacter spp. in meat rinses.

Campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial food-borne pathogen in Europe. Despite the accepted limits of cultural detection of the fastidious bacterium, the "gold standard" in food microbiology is still the determination of colony-forming units (CFU). As an alternative, a live/dead differentiating qPCR has been established, using propidium monoazide (PMA) as DNA-intercalating crosslink agent for inactivating DNA from dead, membrane-compromised cells.

sp. nov. isolated from refrigerated dry-aged beef.

A polyphasic approach was applied to investigate the diversity of microbiota that evolved during cold storage beef ripening. Isolate V4/DAB/S4/2a with a unique BOX-rep-PCR fingerprint profile revealed more than 99 % nucleotide identities upon pairwise comparisons of 16S rDNA sequences from the type strains DSM 101070, DSM 108989, DSM 26521 and DSM 29166, placing it within the / branch of the genus . Additional based comparison revealed DSM 101070 as the nearest relative, with 98.

sp. nov., isolated from refrigerated beef.

During a project focusing on the diversity of meat microbiota associated with beef ripening, a strain was isolated exhibiting high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (>99 %) to DSM 107652, DSM 29167, DSM 29164 and DSM 18862. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete gene sequences of the isolate V5/DAB/2/5 indicated a separate branch with about 99.0 % nucleotide identities to the closest relatives DSM 107652, DSM 29167 and DSM 29164, while average nucleotide identities (ANIb) calculated from the draft genomes were 94.

sp. nov., isolated from meat.

During investigations of spoilage-associated meat microbiota, isolates were found in two different laboratories showing highest similarities to DSM 29167, DSM 29164 and DSM 18862 based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete gene sequences of isolates B4-1 and SpeckC indicated a separate branch with 99.0 and 99.

sp. nov., isolated from beef.

Two isolates derived independently from raw refrigerated processing meat of bovine origin intended for the manufacture of Bologna-type cooked sausage could be distinguished from other known species in subsequent phylogenetic analyses. Comparison of the complete B gene sequences in combination with nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed a separate branch within the group. In further analyses, comprising phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterization as well as average nucleotide identity (ANI) values obtained from the draft genome assemblies, the two isolates could be distinguished from all so far published closely related species.

Lactobacillus insicii sp. nov., isolated from fermented raw meat.

The analysis of the bacterial microbiota of retain samples of pork salami revealed an isolate (strain TMW 1.2011T) that could neither be assigned to typical genera of starter organisms nor to any other known meat-associated species. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, short, straight rods occurring singly, in pairs or short chains.

Occurrence of Listeria spp. in mattress dust of farm children in Bavaria.

Several epidemiological studies have shown that the farm environment impacts allergy protection mechanisms in children. These associations are not well understood, but it is thought that contact to microorganisms may mediate this effect. For example, heat-inactivated Listeria (L.

Microarray analysis of a two-component regulatory system involved in acid resistance and proteolytic activity in Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Two-component regulatory systems are one primary mechanism for environmental sensing and signal transduction. Annotation of the complete genome sequence of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM revealed nine two-component regulatory systems. In this study, the histidine protein kinase of a two-component regulatory system (LBA1524HPK-LBA1525RR), similar to the acid-related system lisRK from Listeria monocytogenes (P.

Complete genome sequence of the probiotic lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM.

Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM is a probiotic bacterium that has been produced commercially since 1972. The complete genome is 1,993,564 nt and devoid of plasmids. The average GC content is 34.

Transformation of Bacillus subtilis in chocolate milk: evidence for low frequency of establishment of cells transformed under non-selective conditions.

Transformation of naturally competent Bacillus subtilis with plasmid was carried out in chocolate milk without antibiotics. Transformed cells were enumerated during the entire growth phase in chocolate milk. When DNA was added to aliquots of a batch culture after different times of incubation, transformation events were detected at all different growth stages.