In vitro Pharmacodynamics and PK/PD in Animals.

In the last decade, considerable advancements have been made to identify the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) index that defines the antimicrobial activity of polymyxins. Dose-fractionation studies performed in hollow-fiber models found that altering the dosing schedule had little impact on the killing or suppression of resistance emergence, alluding to AUC/MIC as the pharmacodynamic index that best describes polymyxin's activity. For in vivo efficacy, the PK/PD index that was the most predictive of the antibacterial effect of colistin against P.

Overexpression of Tyro3 and its implications on hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

While various tyrosine kinases have been associated with the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the identification of a dominant therapeutic target among them remains a challenge. Here, we investigated the role of Tyro3, a relatively uncharacterized member of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) receptor family. The present study aimed to profile and identify potential association between Tyro3 expression in HCC and cancer phenotypes.