Publications by authors named "Sonia Qasba"
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed the link between neighborhood deprivation and Staphylococcus aureus infections in hospitals in the mid-Atlantic from 2016 to 2018, focusing on both community-onset and hospital-onset cases.
- - Findings revealed that higher area deprivation index (ADI) scores correlated with an increased risk of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) infections, indicating that socioeconomic factors may play a significant role in these infections.
- - Racial factors were also examined, showing that Black patients had higher odds of hospital-onset MRSA, while Asian and unknown race patients showed lower odds for both community-onset MRSA and MSSA infections; however, when ADI was considered, the
Background: Previous single-center studies suggest that exposure to a room previously occupied by a patient with CDI may increase the risk of CDI in subsequent patients. We evaluated the risk of previous room occupant on CDI risk across 5 adult hospitals.
Methods: This is a non-concurrent cohort study of adult inpatients admitted to 5 hospitals.
Article Synopsis
- IL-1β and IL-18 cytokines, along with the complement cascade, are linked to tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) that affects HIV+ individuals starting antiretroviral therapy (ART).
- A study showed that TB-IRIS patients exhibit increased activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes, with higher caspase-1/4/5 and ASC speck formation compared to TB non-IRIS patients, indicating a heightened inflammatory response.
- The findings suggest that complement-associated inflammasome activation may drive the excessive inflammation in TB-IRIS, proposing that targeting this pathway could offer new therapeutic options for treating this condition.
In a qualitative study of healthcare workers and patients discharged on oral antibiotics, we identified 5 barriers to antibiotic decision making at hospital discharge: clinician perceptions of patient expectations, diagnostic uncertainty, attending physician-led versus multidisciplinary team culture, not accounting for total antibiotic duration, and need for discharge prior to complete data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The objective of this study was to assess whether earlier antibiotic administration in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and evidence of organ dysfunction identified through electronic alerts improves patient mortality.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study of adult patients admitted across 5 acute-care hospitals. Mortality, Premier CareScience Analytics Expected Mortality Score, and clinical and demographic variables were obtained through the electronic medical record and Premier (Premier Healthcare Solutions, Inc, Charlotte NC) reports.
Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) neutralizing autoantibodies are associated with disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. We report a previously healthy Thai woman with disseminated tuberculosis and high-titer IFNγ-neutralizing autoantibodies, who developed a severe inflammatory reaction during anti-tuberculosis treatment. IFNγ contributes to host control of tuberculosis but appears inessential for tuberculosis paradoxical reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Drug-drug interactions complicate management of coinfection with HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bedaquiline (formerly TMC207), an investigational agent for the treatment of tuberculosis, is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A which may be induced by the antiretroviral drug efavirenz.
Methods: This was a phase 1 pharmacokinetic drug interaction trial.
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is increasingly recognized as being a significant pathogen associated with nosocomial outbreaks in both civilian and military treatment facilities. Current analyses of these outbreaks frequently describe patient-to-patient transmission. To date, occupational transmission of A.
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