Publications by authors named "Sonia Paytubi"

Background: Transgender women sex workers (TWSWs) and men sex workers (MSWs) are especially vulnerable to acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We aimed to describe HBV prevalence (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] and core antibody [HBcAb]) and associated risk factors for HBV exposure (HBcAb), to assess vaccination status and risk factors for no prior vaccination, and to compare HBV prevalence and vaccination status between TWSWs and MSWs.

Methods: The SexCohort study was advertised to TWSWs and MSWs through several communication channels.

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Many scientific societies have issued guidelines to introduce population-based cervical cancer screening with HPV testing. The Vitro HPV Screening assay is a fully automatic multiplex real-time PCR test targeting the L1 GP5+/GP6+ region of HPV genome. The assay detects 14 high risk (HR) HPV genotypes, identifying individual HPV16 and HPV18 genotypes, and the HPV-positive samples for the other 12 HR HPV types are subsequently genotyped with the HPV Direct Flow Chip test.

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Elevated rates of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and anal cancer (AC) in populations like men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV underscore the need for effective screening. While high-resolution anoscopy-guided biopsy is the gold standard, limited provider availability poses a challenge. This has spurred interest in identifying biomarkers for improved AC prevention.

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  • Endometrial cancer is influenced by estrogens and the study investigates the impact of environmental pollutants, specifically xenoestrogens, on this type of cancer.
  • The research involved analyzing serum samples from 156 patients with endometrial cancer and 150 control subjects to measure the combined estrogenic activity related to these pollutants.
  • Results showed no significant difference in xenoestrogen levels between cases and controls, but indicated a complex relationship between exposure levels and cancer risk, with some associations identified for intermediate exposure categories.
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  • Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries, and its incidence is expected to rise, prompting the need to identify modifiable risk factors for prevention.
  • This study investigates the link between occupational pesticide exposure and endometrial cancer using data from 174 cancer cases and 216 control subjects in Spain, utilizing structured questionnaires and a job-exposure matrix to assess pesticide exposure.
  • The findings indicate a significant association between pesticide exposure and endometrial cancer, particularly for insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, with the strongest links found in agricultural activities, suggesting a need for further exploration of pesticides’ role in cancer development.
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  • A study analyzed data from 7,207 endometrial cancer cases and 22,027 controls to investigate the impact of night shift work and sleep duration on endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women.
  • The findings indicated a non-significant inverse relationship between night shift work and endometrial cancer, meaning it did not appear to increase risk significantly.
  • Additionally, the duration of sleep (short or long) did not correlate with an increased risk of endometrial cancer, although an inverse association was noted specifically for obese women.
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  • The study investigated the increasing prevalence of endometrial cancer and aimed to improve molecular classification and detection using non-invasive cervicovaginal samples.
  • It included 139 patients with endometrial cancer and 107 controls, analyzing a total of 339 samples through next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify genetic mutations.
  • Results showed that 73% of cancer cases had detectable mutations, with varying prognoses based on specific mutations, highlighting the potential of using non-invasive methods for better diagnosis and treatment.
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Purpose: Current diagnostic methods for endometrial cancer lack specificity, leading to many women undergoing invasive procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate somatic mutations in urine to accurately discriminate patients with endometrial cancer from controls.

Experimental Design: Overall, 72 samples were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) with molecular identifiers targeting 47 genes.

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Background: Adult obesity is a strong risk factor for endometrial cancer (EC); however, associations of early life obesity with EC are inconclusive. We evaluated associations of young adulthood (18-21 years) and adulthood (at enrolment) body mass index (BMI) and weight change with EC risk in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2).

Methods: We pooled data from nine case-control and 11 cohort studies in E2C2.

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  • Women with Lynch syndrome (LS) have a higher risk of endometrial cancer (EC) due to issues like mismatch repair (MMR) deficiencies and microsatellite instability (MSI), prompting investigation into effective gynecologic surgery timing.
  • A study involving 93 LS women, 25 sporadic EC patients, and 30 benign disease controls assessed highly sensitive MSI (hs-MSI) in endometrial aspirates, revealing that hs-MSI was positively correlated with MMR-deficient cancer cases and loss of certain protein expressions.
  • The findings suggest that hs-MSI scores can help identify both premalignant and malignant conditions in LS carriers, potentially improving individualized surveillance strategies and surgical decision-making.
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  • The study aimed to assess beliefs and attitudes towards cancer prevention among people skeptical about vaccinations or who subscribe to conspiracy theories using an online survey method.
  • Data was gathered from various online platforms like ForoCoches, Reddit, and others between January and March 2022, involving nearly 1,500 respondents, including those unvaccinated against COVID-19.
  • Results indicated that while awareness of actual cancer causes was relatively high (63.6% median score), those in skeptical groups showed significantly lower awareness of both actual (54.5%) and mythical causes (25% for unvaccinated) compared to more informed groups, highlighting a substantial gap in cancer-related knowledge.
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  • - Cervical screening with HPV testing and cytology is being adopted globally, but cytology has limitations, particularly in younger women; this study aimed to create a reliable triage test called WID™-qCIN that efficiently predicts progression to CIN3+ in HPV-positive patients.
  • - The WID™-qCIN test, analyzing specific human gene regions, showed impressive results: 100% sensitivity for invasive cancer detection and 78% for CIN3, with a specificity of 90%, effectively identifying at-risk women, especially those with initially negative cytology.
  • - The study concludes that WID™-qCIN represents a significant advancement over traditional cervical screening methods, suggesting it could provide an affordable and
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Purpose: Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence has been rising over the past 10 years. Delays in diagnosis reduce survival and necessitate more aggressive treatment. We aimed to develop and validate a simple, noninvasive, and reliable triage test for EC to reduce the number of invasive diagnostic procedures and improve patient survival.

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  • Screenwide is a case-control study conducted in Spain from 2017 to 2021 that looked at women with endometrial and ovarian cancers, along with BRCA1/2 and MMR pathogenic variant carriers, to identify risk factors and molecular biomarkers for these cancers.
  • Participants provided detailed personal and medical information, along with biological samples like blood and self-collected vaginal specimens, to facilitate comprehensive analyses.
  • Preliminary findings from a pilot study indicate that certain genetic variants associated with tumors can be effectively detected in less invasive samples, suggesting potential for improved early detection strategies for gynecological cancers.
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Background: Circadian disruption caused by night work has been associated with hormonal-related cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. Data on the role of circadian factors in the aetiology of endometrial cancer, an oestrogen-associated cancer, are scarce.

Methods: We examined the association between endometrial cancer and night shift work, chronotype (a characteristic correlating with preference for morning or evening activity) and sleep duration, in 180 incident cases and 218 hospital controls.

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Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer in very-high-human-development-index regions. Ovarian cancer incidence and mortality rates are estimated to globally rise by 2035, although incidence and mortality rates depend on the region and prevalence of the associated risk factors. The aim of this study is to assess changes in incidence and mortality of ovarian cancer in Catalonia by 2030.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) represent a distinct clinical entity compared with HPV-negative tumors with particular regard to treatment response and survival outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the AmpFire Multiplex HR-HPV tests, for the detection and genotyping of 15 high-risk (HR) HPV types in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples and identify HPV-driven OPSCC. DNA from 160 OPSCC FFPE specimens plus 23 samples from other head and neck primary sites was tested.

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Introduction: Cervical cytology is a well-stablished cervical cancer screening method. However, due to the anatomical continuity of the genital tract, it can also detect signs of endometrial disease. Our aim was to estimate the sensitivity of cervical cytology in endometrial cancer detection and prognosis in a large population over a 30-year period in a large academic tertiary hospital in Spain.

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Conjugation of R27 plasmid is thermoregulated, being promoted at 25°C and repressed at 37°C. Previous studies identified plasmid-encoded regulators, HtdA, TrhR and TrhY, that control expression of conjugation-related genes (). Moreover, the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS represses conjugation at non-permissive temperature.

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causes campylobacteriosis, a bacterial gastroenteritis with high incidence worldwide. Moreover, infection can trigger the polyneuropathic disorder denominated Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The strains that can elicit GBS carry either or coding both genes for a β-1,3-galactosyltransferase enzyme that is required for the production of sialylated lipooligosaccharide (LOS).

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently one of the most important challenges to the treatment of bacterial infections. A critical issue to combat AMR is to restrict its spread. In several instances, bacterial plasmids are involved in the global spread of AMR.

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Plasmid conjugation is a major horizontal gene transfer mechanism. The acquisition of a plasmid may cause a perturbation of the cell functions in addition to provide advantageous properties for the recipient cell, such as the gaining of antibiotic resistances. The interplay between plasmid and chromosomal functions has been studied using the IncHI1 plasmid R27.

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Due to the anatomical continuity of the uterine cavity with the cervix, genomic exploitation of material from routine Pap smears and other noninvasive sampling methods represent a unique opportunity to detect signs of disease using biological material shed from the upper genital tract. Recent research findings offer a promising perspective in the detection of endometrial cancer, but certain questions need to be addressed in order to accelerate the implementation of novel technologies in a routine screening or clinical setting. We discuss here new perspectives on detection of endometrial cancer using genomic and other biomarkers in minimally invasive sampling methods with a special focus on public health classic screening criteria, highlighting current gaps in knowledge.

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