Absent Posterior Belly of Digastric Muscle.

Objective: Report a unique case of absent posterior belly of digastric muscle, with a literature review and discussion of its clinical importance.

Methods: Present a case report and review the current literature including PUBMED search terms; "absent posterior digastric", "digastric muscle", "posterior belly".

Results: While there were multiple reports of accessory anterior and posterior bellies and absence of anterior belly, there is a paucity of literature on absence of posterior belly of digastric muscle.

Subcutaneous emphysema with pneumomediastinum after tonsillectomy: Case report and review of the literature.

Subcutaneous emphysema is a rare complication of tonsillectomy.We report a case of post-tonsillectomy crepitus with radiographic extravasation of contrast from the tonsil fossa into the neck, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and small pneumothorax in a patient with Down Syndrome. Subsequent direct laryngoscopy showed no visible defect in the mucosal or muscle layers of the tonsil fossa.

Does Surgical Volume and Complexity Affect Cost and Mortality in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery?

Objectives: (1) To evaluate whether admission volume and case complexity are associated with mortality rates and (2) evaluate whether admission volume and case complexity are associated with cost per admission.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary academic hospital.

Mandibular Lytic Lesion in Familial Paraganglioma Syndrome Type I: A Clinical Conundrum.

Objective: The entity of primary mandibular paraganglioma (PGL) is not well accepted within the head and neck. Mandibular PGLs hitherto reported in literature are malignant metastatic lesions, mostly from a pheochromocytoma.

Methods: We report a case of mandibular lytic lesion in a young female with multifocal PGLs but no family history of PGLs.

Complications of turbinate reduction surgery in combination with tonsillectomy in pediatric patients.

Objectives/hypothesis: To examine whether the addition of turbinoplasty to tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) increases the risk of postoperative complications.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of children (18 years old and younger) who underwent tonsillectomy and/or turbinoplasty between July 1, 2013 and June 30, 2015 using the 2016 Pediatric Health Information System administrative database METHODS: Patients were divided into three groups: 1) T&A and turbinoplasty, 2) T&A alone, and 3) turbinoplasty alone. Postoperative revisit, hemorrhage requiring cautery, and blood transfusion rates were compared between groups.

Novel Alleles of gon-2, a C. elegans Ortholog of Mammalian TRPM6 and TRPM7, Obtained by Genetic Reversion Screens.

TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) cation channels of the TRPM subfamily have been found to be critically important for the regulation of Mg2+ homeostasis in both protostomes (e.g., the nematode, C.