Removal of Subretinal Gas After Pneumatic Retinopexy Under Air Using External Manipulation.

Purpose: To illustrate a technique for the removal of subretinal gas via pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with air-fluid exchange and simultaneous manipulation with scleral depression.

Methods: PPV to remove subretinal gas causing persistent macula-off retinal detachment was performed in one eye, and the results were evaluated in this case report. Ports were carefully placed to avoid puncturing the retina, which was significantly displaced anteriorly past the ora serrata due to the buoyancy of the subretinal gas with the patient in a supine position.

Outcomes in eyes with retained lens fragments undergoing pars plana lensectomy and scleral-fixated intraocular lens insertion.

Purpose: To report the visual outcomes and complications in eyes with retained lens fragments (RLF) following cataract surgery undergoing pars plana lensectomy (PPL) and scleral-fixated intraocular lens insertion (SFIOL).

Methods: Patients with RLF who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), PPL, and SFIOL insertion from January 2015 to December 2022 were included. The visual acuity (VA) outcomes and complication rates were compared between those receiving sutured versus sutureless SFIOL insertion as well as those undergoing SFIOL insertion at the time of PPV and PPL versus those undergoing SFIOL insertion during a subsequent surgery.

VITREORETINAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING SECONDARY INTRAOCULAR LENS IMPLANTATION WITH PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY.

Background: Retrospective cohort study of 561 adult patients undergoing secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation by vitreoretinal surgeons at a single institution from April 2015 to December 2020.

Methods: Patient historical factors, intraoperative/postoperative complications, and outcomes of IOL type (anterior chamber IOL versus scleral sutured IOL versus scleral fixated IOL versus. sulcus) were assessed.

Retinal Displacement Following Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to report retinal displacement incidence following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckle (SB), or combined SB/PPV.

Patients And Methods: A single-center, case series using Optos fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images was performed after RRD repair between April 2020 and February 2022. Retinal displacement was identified by imprinted retinal vessels on FAF imaging.

Predictors of Outcomes in Cerebellar Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study From the National Inpatient Sample Data.

Cerebellar strokes have high morbidity and mortality due to bleeding or edema, leading to increased pressure in the posterior fossa. This retrospective cohort study analyzed three outcomes following a cerebellar stroke: in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, and total hospitalization costs. It uses data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) and aims to identify the predictors of outcomes in cerebellar stroke patients, including 464,324 patients, 18 years of age and older, hospitalized between 2010 and 2015 in US hospitals with cerebellar strokes.

JAK inhibitors for inflammatory bowel disease: recent advances.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly requires immunosuppressive treatments to induce and maintain durable remission. Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) are a novel group of orally administered, small molecule drugs that work by attenuating multiple cytokine signalling pathways to mediate dysregulated immune responses involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Tofacitinib, filgotinib and upadacitinib have demonstrated efficacy against placebo and are licensed for the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis; upadacitinib is the only JAKi also currently approved for the treatment of Crohn's disease.

Reassessing acquired neonatal intestinal diseases using unsupervised machine learning.

Background: Acquired neonatal intestinal diseases have an array of overlapping presentations and are often labeled under the dichotomous classification of necrotizing enterocolitis (which is poorly defined) or spontaneous intestinal perforation, hindering more precise diagnosis and research. The objective of this study was to take a fresh look at neonatal intestinal disease classification using unsupervised machine learning.

Methods: Patients admitted to the University of Florida Shands Neonatal Intensive Care Unit January 2013-September 2019 diagnosed with an intestinal injury, or had imaging findings of portal venous gas, pneumatosis, abdominal free air, or had an abdominal drain placed or exploratory laparotomy during admission were included.

Sympathetic Ophthalmia in Patients with Enucleation or Evisceration: Pathology Laboratory and IRIS Registry Experience.

Introduction: Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a rare bilateral granulomatous panuveitis that can follow surgical or nonsurgical ocular trauma in one eye. Because its diagnosis requires clinical-pathologic correlation, the true incidence of SO is unknown, and there is a need to understand the recent trends in risk factors and frequency of this condition.

Methods: Pathology records of all enucleated or eviscerated (ENEV) eyes at three pathology laboratories were reviewed.

Verbal Autopsy to Assess Postdischarge Mortality in Children With Suspected Sepsis in Uganda.

Background: Reducing child mortality in low-income countries is constrained by a lack of vital statistics. In the absence of such data, verbal autopsies provide an acceptable method to determining attributable causes of death. The objective was to assess potential causes of pediatric postdischarge mortality in children younger than age 5 years (under-5) originally admitted for suspected sepsis using verbal autopsies.

Emergence of Monkeypox (MPX): A Close Relative of Small Pox During COVID-19 Era.

After the eradication of smallpox (SPX), a new zoonotic threat that can trigger outbreaks has emerged. It may be fatal during the COVID19 outbreak. Humanity continues to be threatened due to re-emergence of the outbreaks.

Neurotrophic keratopathy following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery.

Objective: To describe clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of eyes developing neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair.

Methods: All eyes with NK at Wills Eye Hospital following RRD repair from June 1, 2011, to December 1, 2020 were included. Patients with prior ocular procedures (other than cataract surgery), herpetic keratitis, and diabetes mellitus were excluded.

The Effect of a Mock Medical Visit on Refugee Health Self-Efficacy and Medical Trainee Communication Apprehension.

Introduction: As refugees adjust to a new country, their health care can take a toll. Refugees may have difficulty navigating a new health care system and experience low health self-efficacy. Another potential contributor is inadequate medical trainee curriculum addressing refugee health.

PREMATURE EMULSIFICATION OF SILICONE OIL AFTER RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR IN THE SETTING OF HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE.

Purpose: To describe a rare case of silicone oil emulsification that occurred only three months postoperatively. We discuss the implications for postoperative counseling.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of a single patient.

After "The Talk": Adolescents' Perspectives Reveal Need for Improvement in Hospital Sexual Health Care Delivery.

Objectives: To fill access gaps for adolescents, addressing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is recommended in nontraditional settings. In previous improvement work, we increased documentation of sexual history to >80% of adolescents hospitalized on our pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) service. This study assessed adolescents' perception of SRH conversations with hospital providers and the extent to which they were helpful.

Trends in Utilization of Vitreoretinal Services Following the Initial Phase of the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: To identify vitreoretinal practice patterns in the months following the initial 2020 national shutdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (US).

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of vitreoretinal practice patterns from multiple retinal centers across the US from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020.

Results: The lowest utilization of retina care occurred during the week of March 23, 2020, after which utilization returned to pre-pandemic levels by July 2020.

Authorship Trends of Women in Retina: A 25-Year Analysis.

Objective: To examine the trends in first and last authorship of women within clinical retina research over the last 25 years.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: First and last author names were retrieved from original articles published between January 1, 1995, and January 1, 2021, in the American Journal of Ophthalmology, JAMA Ophthalmology (Archives of Ophthalmology), Ophthalmology, and Retina.

PREVALENCE, CHARACTERISTICS, AND OUTCOMES OF RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT IN EYES WITH TRABECULECTOMY OR GLAUCOMA DRAINAGE DEVICES.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence, management, and outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after incisional glaucoma filtering surgery.

Methods: All patients with a history of trabeculectomy or glaucoma drainage device surgery who were subsequently diagnosed with an RRD from January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2021, at the Wills Eye Hospital were identified.

Results: Forty-six eyes met the inclusion criteria.

Characteristics and Treatment of Patients Diagnosed With Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia After Cryolipolysis: A Case Series and Scoping Review.

Background: Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia (PAH), a rare side effect of CoolSculpting (cryolipolysis), is characterized by fatty enlargement of the treatment area occurring months after the procedure.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report a retrospective case series of patients diagnosed with PAH at the authors' institution, increase the collective understanding of this complication and subsequent management, and raise the question of who should ethically perform cryolipolysis.

Methods: All participants diagnosed with PAH by a plastic surgeon at a large academic medical center were identified.

Outcomes of Retinectomy without Lensectomy in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments with Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.

Purpose: To report the anatomic and functional outcomes of retinectomy without lensectomy in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, and interventional case series.

Subjects: One hundred twelve eyes of 112 patients with RRD complicated by PVR who underwent retinectomy without lensectomy.

Covid-19 update: Omicron variant - a new emerging threat.

A new health threat in the form of a new variant of Covid-19 called Omicron has emerged globally in this holiday season. This new variant has been declared a variant of concern (VOC) by the World Health Organization and experts are expecting another wave of the pandemic. A lot still unknown about this variant and researchers worldwide are conducting studies to find the nature and characteristics of this mutated strain.

FACTORS AFFECTING RETINAL REDETACHMENT AFTER SILICONE OIL REMOVAL FOR RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENTS.

Purpose: To report factors affecting the retinal redetachment rate after silicone oil removal (SOR) following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study from December 1, 2014, to March 1, 2020, of 205 consecutive patients treated for RRD with silicone oil (SO) tamponade and subsequent SOR with at least 6-month follow-up. Primary outcome measure was the rate of retinal redetachment after SOR.

Quality Initiative to Increase Delivery of Adolescent Hospital-Based Reproductive Health Care.

Objectives: Hospitals are an important nontraditional setting in which to address adolescent reproductive health. However, opportunities for intervention are frequently missed, especially for boys and patients hospitalized for noningestion complaints. Our global aim was to increase delivery of reproductive health care to adolescents hospitalized through our children's hospital Pediatric Hospital Medicine service.

Anesthetic Management of Children With Propionic Acidemia Undergoing Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Propionic acidemia is a rare genetic disorder of metabolism that predisposes patients to metabolic acidosis, lethargy, neurologic dysfunction, developmental delays, and cardiomyopathy. Perioperative anesthetic management is guided toward mitigating the effects of preoperative fasting times, maintaining normovolemia, and preventing cardiovascular complications secondary to underlying cardiomyopathy. Commonly used anesthetic agents may have undesirable side effects in these patients.