Vitamin D deficiency in bedridden elderly people at home.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the homebound elderly people and relate them to level of dementia, nutritional risk, and route of dietary administration.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 207 bedridden elderly people assisted by the Home Care Service in the city of Santo André - SP, from June to December 2016. The following factors were evaluated: dietary intake of vitamin D, arm circumference, triceps skin fold thickness, calf circumference, nutritional risk by Mini-Nutritional Assessment, level of dementia by the adapted Clinical Dementia Rating questionnaire, and laboratory tests such as serum concentrations of 25(OH)D, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium, and parathormone.

Myeloperoxidase as cardiovascular risk marker in pre-pubertal preterm children?

Background And Aims: To evaluate the biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk in pre-pubertal preterm children with a birth weight of less than 1,500 g and relate them to current nutritional status, insulin resistance, and inflammation.

Methods & Results: This is a cross-sectional, controlled study with pre-pubertal preterm children aged 5-9 years with a birth weight of less than 1500 g (Preterm group, n = 44) compared to full term children of adequate weight for gestational age (Control group, n = 30). Clinical evaluation: anthropometry and pubertal staging.

Renal function in prepubertal children born with very low birthweight.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) and markers of renal function in very low birthweight (VLBW) children and to relate these parameters to current nutritional status.

Methods: A cross-sectional and controlled study was performed with prepubertal children between ages 5 and 10, including 44 VLBW participants and 30 healthy participants born at full term with an adequate birthweight (control group). The following data were collected: perinatal history; current weight, height and waist circumference; blood pressure (three measures); blood creatinine, urea, uric acid, cystatin-C, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels; and urine albumin, creatinine, and calcium levels.

Assessing cardiovascular risk in ATM heterozygotes.

Objective: To evaluate the carotid intima-media complex (CIMC) thickness and lipid metabolism biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk (CR) in parents of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia and verify an association with gender.

Method: A cross-sectional and controlled study with 29 ATM heterozygotes and 14 healthy controls. Biochemical tests and CIMC thickness measurement were performed.

Is age a risk factor for liver disease and metabolic alterations in ataxia Telangiectasia patients?

Background: Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes and the risk for development of cardiovascular disease was recently associated as an extended phenotype of the disease. We aimed to assess IR; liver involvement; carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and metabolic alterations associated to cardiovascular risk in A-T patients, and relate them with age.

Lipid profile among girls with systemic lupus erythematosus.

The aim of the study was to describe biomarkers of lipid metabolism associated with increased cardiovascular risk and their correlation with disease variables and markers of inflammation in adolescent females with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This cross-sectional controlled study evaluated 33 adolescent females with juvenile SLE and 33 healthy controls. Anthropometric data, SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), medications, proteinuria, ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP), lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c and triglycerides), apolipoproteins A and B (Apo A-I and B), paraoxonase, and myeloperoxidase were evaluated.

Higher Cardiovascular Risk in Common Variable Immunodeficiency and X-Linked Agammaglobulinaemia Patients.

Introduction: Common variable immunodeficiency and X-linked agammaglobulinaemia are primary immunodeficiencies classified as antibody deficiencies, and they both result in hypogammaglobulinaemia.

Objective: Evaluate the lipid profile and other cardiovascular risk biomarkers in CVID and XLA patients.

Methods: In total, 24 patients and 12 healthy controls matched by age and gender were included in the study.

Risk of Atherosclerosis in Patients with Ataxia Telangiectasia.

Background And Aims: Evaluate the nutritional status, plasma concentration of vitamin E and markers of cardiovascular risk in ataxia telangiectasia (AT) patients.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 13 patients with AT and 22 healthy controls, evaluating the following factors: nutritional status, food intake, lipid profile, plasma concentration of vitamin E, malondialdehyde and high sensitivity C-reactive protein, linking them with atherosclerosis risk in AT patients.

Results: Average age was 14.

Sleepiness, inflammation and oxidative stress markers in middle-aged males with obstructive sleep apnea without metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The simultaneous occurrence of metabolic syndrome and excessive daytime sleepiness are very common in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Both conditions, if present in OSA, have been reported to be associated with inflammation and disruption of oxidative stress balance that impair the cardiovascular system. To verify the impact of daytime sleepiness on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, we evaluated OSA patients without significant metabolic disturbance.

Lack of association of homocysteine concentrations with oxidative stress, alterations in carotid intima media thickness and endothelial reactivity in prepubertal children.

Background And Aims: Our purpose was to assess the presence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (alterations in the lipid profile, fasting glycaemia, high arterial pressure values, oxidative stress, increased intima media thickness and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation) in prepubertal children with elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 35 children with Hcy levels ≥7.3 μmol/l were matched by gender and age with 29 children with Hcy levels ≤4.

There is no relationship between Paraoxonase serum level activity in women with endometriosis and the stage of the disease: an observational study.

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic condition whose pathophysiology is unknown, but there is evidence suggesting a link with oxidative stress. Paraoxonase is a serum enzyme which circulates associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It acts protecting HDL and LDL of lipid peroxidation.

Homocysteine levels in Takayasu arteritis -- a risk factor for arterial ischemic events.

Objective: To evaluate homocysteine levels in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) and in controls, and to analyze associations between homocysteine levels and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, cysteine levels, methotrexate use, disease activity, extent of arterial involvement, and ischemic events in patients with TA.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 29 patients with TA and 30 controls who underwent clinical evaluation and blood sample collection in the fasting state.

Results: Among patients with TA, active disease was observed in 9 (31.

Homocysteine and cysteine levels in prepubertal children: association with waist circumference and lipid profile.

Objective: To evaluate homocysteine and total cysteine levels in prepubertal children and to determine the association between these levels and obesity, increased waist circumference, glucose levels, and lipid profile alterations.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional study, 677 prepubertal students 6 to 11 y old were assessed. The weight, height, and waist circumference of the students were measured.

Evaluation of chemiluminescence method for the analysis of plasma homocysteine and comparison with HPLC method in children samples.

Objective: To compare the results for homocysteine concentration using chemiluminescence and HPLC methods in samples from school-age children. In addition, to determine the reference values for patients of this age group and assess the real prognostic value of homocysteine in healthy children.

Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken to determine plasma levels of homocysteine using two different assays, HPLC and chemiluminescence, in 185 samples from school-age children living in Santo Andre, with no chronic or inflammatory diseases, and absence of pubertal development.

Lipodystrophy, lipid profile changes, and low serum retinol and carotenoid levels in children and adolescents with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Objective: To assess serum retinol and levels of carotenoids in children and adolescents with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to correlate low serum retinol and carotenoid levels with the presence of lipodystrophy, lipid profile changes, lipid peroxidation, and insulin resistance.

Methods: A cross-sectional, controlled observational study was carried out with 30 children and adolescents with AIDS (mean age 9.1 y) receiving antiretroviral therapy (median length of treatment 28.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight children and its relationship with retinol serum levels.

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the retinol serum levels, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children. To relate these biochemical variables with the risk of this disease in the population studied.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional and prospective, with 46 overweight/obese school children (28 female, 18 male; mean age 8.