Wettability modification of a nano-silica/fluoro surfactant composite system for reducing the damage of water blocking in tight sandstone reservoirs.

In the process of drilling and development of tight sandstone reservoirs, a large number of external fluids can invade the pore structure of the reservoir due to its strong hydrophilicity, resulting in blockage of the pore structure and a decrease in oil and gas production capacity. To reduce the aqueous phase trapping damage of tight sandstone reservoirs, the SiO@KH550/FC-A nano-composite system was prepared to construct hydrophobic surfaces in core samples. First, the surface of nano-SiO was modified by KH550 to prepare nanoparticles with good dispersion.

Dynamics of Intestinal Mucosa Microbiota in Juvenile Sika Deer During Early Growth.

The establishment of gut microbiota in young ruminants has a profound impact on their productive performance in adulthood. The microbial communities of ruminants differ significantly across the different regions of the digestive tract, as well as between the mucosa and lumen. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of the microbiota of the small intestine (jejunum and ileum) and large intestine (cecum and colon) of sika deer on day 1 (birth), day 42 (transition period) and day 70 (rumination period) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

dynamics of rumen microbiota and fermentation profiles with Antler growth of Sika deer.

The rumen microbiota plays a vital role in the nutrient metabolism affecting the growth of velvet antler. However, the fermentation patterns and dynamics of the rumen microbiota across growth stages of velvet antler remain largely unexplored. Here, we employed an fermentation approach to assess fermentation parameters and microbial composition in the rumen liquid of sika deer during the early growth (EG), metaphase growth (MG), and fast growth (FG) phases .

Characteristics and Differences in the Antler Velvet Microbiota During Regeneration.

The skin surface has a complex and dynamic ecosystem inhabited by a diverse microbiota. The wound formed by antler velvet shedding can naturally achieve regenerative restoration, but the changes in microbial composition that occur during antler velvet regeneration are largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the antler velvet microbiota of sika deer at 15 days (Half) and 30 days (Full) post-pedicle casting using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

ViT-Based Face Diagnosis Images Analysis for Schizophrenia Detection.

Objectives: Computer-aided schizophrenia (SZ) detection methods mainly depend on electroencephalogram and brain magnetic resonance images, which both capture physical signals from patients' brains. These inspection techniques take too much time and affect patients' compliance and cooperation, while difficult for clinicians to comprehend the principle of detection decisions. This study proposes a novel method using face diagnosis images based on traditional Chinese medicine principles, providing a non-invasive, efficient, and interpretable alternative for SZ detection.

Comparison of Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites Between Captive and Grazing Male Reindeer.

The reindeer () is a circumpolar member of the Cervidae family, and has adapted to a harsh environment. Summer is a critical period for reindeer, with peak digestibility facilitating body fat accumulation. The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in nutrient metabolism, and is affected by captivity.

Novel Perspective on Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction: Implications of Neuronal SIRPα and Microglial Synaptic Remodeling.

This study aims to investigate the role of neuronal SIRPα and microglial synaptic remodeling in sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction in newborn mice. Newborn mice were exposed to sevoflurane, followed by behavioral assessments and single-cell transcriptome sequencing of cortical cells. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of neuronal SIRPα and assessment of the microglial morphology and synaptic function were conducted.

Continual Learning With Knowledge Distillation: A Survey.

The foremost challenge in continual learning is to mitigate catastrophic forgetting, allowing a model to retain knowledge of previous tasks while learning new tasks. Knowledge distillation (KD), a form of regularization, has gained significant attention for its ability to maintain a model's performance on previous tasks by mimicking the outputs of earlier models during the learning of new tasks, thus reducing forgetting. This article offers a comprehensive survey of continual learning methods employing KD within the realm of image classification.

Lipidomic and transcriptomic profiles provide new insights into the triacylglycerol and glucose handling capacities of the Arctic fox.

The Arctic fox () is a species indigenous to the Arctic and has developed unique lipid metabolism, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the significantly increased body weight of Arctic foxes was consistent with the significantly increased serum very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and the 40% crude fat diet further increased the Arctic fox body weight. The enhanced body weight gain stems primarily from increased subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulation.

Research Progress of Single-Photon Emitters Based on Two-Dimensional Materials.

From quantum communications to quantum computing, single-photon emitters (SPEs) are essential components of numerous quantum technologies. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have especially been found to be highly attractive for the research into nanoscale light-matter interactions. In particular, localized photonic states at their surfaces have attracted great attention due to their enormous potential applications in quantum optics.

Shifts in the microbial community and metabolome in rumen ecological niches during antler growth.

Antlers are hallmark organ of deer, exhibiting a relatively high growth rate among mammals, and requiring large amounts of nutrients to meet its development. The rumen microbiota plays key roles in nutrient metabolism. However, changes in the microbiota and metabolome in the rumen during antler growth are largely unknown.

Involvement of Fgf2-mediated tau protein phosphorylation in cognitive deficits induced by sevoflurane in aged rats.

Objective: Anesthetics have been linked to cognitive alterations, particularly in the elderly. The current research delineates how Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (Fgf2) modulates tau protein phosphorylation, contributing to cognitive impairments in aged rats upon sevoflurane administration.

Methods: Rats aged 3, 12, and 18 months were subjected to a 2.

Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles in the Feces of Juvenile Sika Deer () from Birth to Weaning.

The gut microbiota establishment in young ruminants has a profound impact on their adult production performance. However, the critical phase for the succession of the gut microbial composition and metabolic profiles of juvenile sika deer still needs to be further investigated. Here, we analyzed the fecal microbiota and metabolites of juvenile sika deer during the birth (D1), transition (D42), and rumination (D70) periods based on 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS).

Impact of deoxynivalenol on rumen function, production, and health of dairy cows: Insights from metabolomics and microbiota analysis.

Deoxynivalenol contamination in feed and food, pervasive from growth, storage, and processing, poses a significant risk to dairy cows, particularly when exposed to a high-starch diet; however, whether a high-starch diet exacerbates these negative effects remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the combined impact of deoxynivalenol and dietary starch on the production performance, rumen function, and health of dairy cows using metabolomics and 16 S rRNA sequencing. Our findings suggested that both high- and low-starch diets contaminated with deoxynivalenol significantly reduced the concentration of propionate, isobutyrate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), and microbial crude protein (MCP) concentrations, accompanied by a noteworthy increase in NH-N concentration in vitro and in vivo (P < 0.

Erratum: FOXK2 promotes the proliferation of papillary thyroid cancer cell by down-regulating autophagy: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/jca.60730.

Integrated Transcriptome and Microbiota Reveal the Regulatory Effect of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Supplementation in Antler Growth of Sika Deer.

The level of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is associated with the growth of the antler, a fast-growing bone organ of Cervidae. However, the benefits of 25(OH)D supplementation on antler growth and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the antler growth profile and transcriptome, plasma parameters, rumen bacteria, and metabolites (volatile fatty acids and amino acids) were determined in sika deer in a 25(OH)D supplementation group (25(OH)D, = 8) and a control group (Ctrl, = 8).

Integrated multi-omics of the gastrointestinal microbiome and ruminant host reveals metabolic adaptation underlying early life development.

Background: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome of ruminants and its metabolic repercussions vastly influence host metabolism and growth. However, a complete understanding of the bidirectional interactions that occur across the host-microbiome axis remains elusive, particularly during the critical development stages at early life. Here, we present an integrative multi-omics approach that simultaneously resolved the taxonomic and functional attributes of microbiota from five GIT regions as well as the metabolic features of the liver, muscle, urine, and serum in sika deer (Cervus nippon) across three key early life stages.

The physiological dissimilarities of Holstein dairy cows with different milk yields.

Background: Even if breed, parity, dietary and environmental management are same, dairy cows still have notable differences in milk yield that may be underpinned by physiologic differences.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the physiological dissimilarities of dairy cows with different milk yields.

Methods: Thirty cows were sorted into high milk-yielding cows (group H: 58.

FOXK2 promotes the proliferation of papillary thyroid cancer cell by down-regulating autophagy.

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine system tumor. FOXK2 is involved in the development of different types of cancers, however, its function has not been investigated in papillary thyroid cancer. In the present study, we demonstrated that FOXK2 expression was up-regulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues compared with matched normal tissues.

Rational Design of β-NiOOH Nanosheet-Sheathed CNTs as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Practical Li-S Batteries.

The shuttle effects of polysulfide intermediates (LiPSs) and sluggish kinetics during sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) process severely exacerbate the electrochemical performances of Li-S batteries. Herein, a unique nanocatalyst comprising β-NiOOH nanosheets uniformly implanted on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNT@NiOOH) was designed and synthesized for sulfur cathodes. The β-NiOOH nanosheets have great capability of adsorbing LiPSs as well as superior catalytic activity for accelerating LiPS conversion, providing a more efficient method to restrain shuttle effects and improve the kinetics of SRR.

Effects of Different Combinations of Sugar and Starch Concentrations on Ruminal Fermentation and Bacterial-Community Composition .

High levels of starch is known to have positive effects on both energy supply and milk yield but increases the risk of rumen acidosis. The use of sugar as a non-structural carbohydrate could circumvent this risk while maintaining the benefits, but its effects and that of the simultaneous use of both sugar and starch are not as well-understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different combinations of sugar and starch concentrations on ruminal fermentation and bacterial community composition in a 4 ×4 factorial experiment.

Eye Movements of Spatial Working Memory Encoding in Children with and without Autism: Chunking Processing and Reference Preference.

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience spatial working memory deficits and show different encoding mechanisms from typical developing (TD) peers. To effectively describe the encoding strategies of those with ASD and highlight their characteristics in cognitive processing, we adopted improved change detection tasks and added eye-movement indicators to investigate the chunking function and reference preference of children with and without ASD. The current study included 20 participants with ASD aged 8-16 and 20 TD children matched for age, gender, and intelligence.

Karyopherin α 2 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion through activating NF-κB/p65 signaling pathways in melanoma cells.

Aims: Melanoma is a fatal malignancy. Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) plays an important role in many carcinogenesis. This study was aimed to study the role of KPNA2 in cellular functions and molecular mechanisms of melanoma.

Mechanical force promotes the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D PLGA scaffolds via TGF‑β expression.

Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are responsible for connective tissue repair and scarring, and are exposed to mechanical forces under physiological and pathological conditions. The exact mechanisms underlying gingival tissue reconstruction under mechanical forces remain unclear. The present study aimfed to investigate the effects of mechanical forces on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis in HGFs by establishing a 3‑dimensional (3D) HGF culture model using poly(lactide‑co‑glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds.

[Biologic effects of different concentrations of putrescine on human umbilical vein endothelial cells].

Objective: To explore the effects of different concentrations of putrescine on proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Methods: HUVECs were routinely cultured in vitro. The 3rd to the 5th passage of HUVECs were used in the following experiments.