Antioxidation Activity Enhancement by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond and Non-Browning Mechanism of Active Ingredients in Rosemary: Carnosic Acid and Carnosol.

Rosemary is one of the most promising, versatile, and studied natural preservatives. Carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CARN), as the primary active ingredients of rosemary extracts, have little difference in structure, but their antioxidant activities vary significantly, depending on the system studied. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Phytoestrogens and risk of prostate cancer: an updated meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.

This updated meta-analysis was performed to clarify the relationship between phytoestrogens and prostate cancer risk. Twenty one case-control and two cohort studies were finally selected for this meta-analysis, totaling 11,346 cases and 140,177 controls. Analytical results showed that daidzein (OR = 0.

Polymorphism - 116C/G of the human X box binding protein 1 gene is associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in a Chinese Han population.

Evidence has been obtained showing that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and that the human X box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is an important transcription factor involved in the development of ER stress. The study aimed to analyze the potential association between polymorphism -116C/G of XBP1 and the risk of T2D. The association between XBP1 polymorphism -116C/G and T2D risk was assessed among 1058 consecutive unrelated subjects, including 523 T2D patients and 535 healthy controls, in a case control study.

Association between promoter polymorphisms of the GRP78 gene and risk of type 2 diabetes in a Chinese Han population.

There are large amounts of unfolding or misfolding protein accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), which in turn induces the expression of the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) that plays a key role in influencing insulin secretion and maintaining glucose homeostasis in pancreatic beta cells. The aim in the study is to analyze the potential association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GRP78 and the risk of T2D. To assess the association between GRP78 polymorphisms and T2D, a case-control study was conducted among 1058 consecutive unrelated subjects.

A functional p.82G>S polymorphism in the RAGE gene is associated with multiple sclerosis in the Chinese population.

Background: The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its proinflammatory ligand, S100-calgranulins, are critically implicated in the pathological progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). A functional polymorphism within the V-type immunoglobulin domain of RAGE gene, p.82G>S (c.

[Relationship between maximum body mass index and type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults in Heilongjiang province.].

Objective: To determine the prevalence and distribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the relationship between maximum body mass index (MAXBMI) and T2DM.

Methods: From June to August, 2005, a stratified cluster sampling of 1071 permanent residents in communities, over 20 years old, from 4 districts and 1 county of Mudanjiang was chosen. The prevalence of T2DM, and the association between T2DM and different levels of the MAXBMI, current BMI were studied.

Knowledge and risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS, and their association with information resource among men who have sex with men in Heilongjiang province, China.

Background: In Heilongjiang province, the HIV prevalence in men who have sex with men (MSM) is generally lower than other part of China. However, the official perception for their risk of HIV/AIDS infection has been increasing in the province over the years. Moreover, little information on HIV/AIDS was provided to the communities so that we have disadvantage of controlling HIV/AIDS epidemic in the region.

Association between the RAGE G82S polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease.

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is associated with several pathological states including Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, while its soluble form (sRAGE) acts as a decoy receptor. We have tested for association of AD with a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the RAGE gene (G82S; rs2070600), a SNP associated with increased ligand affinity of RAGE. Analysis of a Chinese cohort (276 cases; 254 controls) showed a higher prevalence of the RAGE 82S allele and GS + SS genotype in the patients [82S vs.

Genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase T1 and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

In recent years, there have been numerous papers emphasizing the relationship between Glutathione S-transferases polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk, but the findings have not reached a consensus. The relationship between glutathione S-transferase T 1 null genotype and bladder cancer susceptibility is now even more disputable. Therefore, we present a meta-analysis of (nested) case-controlled, genotype-based studies (including 37 studies, 6,986 cases and 9,166 controls) examining this association.

Hepatitis C virus and lichen planus: a reciprocal association determined by a meta-analysis.

To explore the association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and lichen planus (LP) by performing a meta-analysis of observational studies of the association. Data Sources Bibliographical searches were conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases without any language limitations. Study Selection Studies were selected when the following criteria were met: the coexistence of a study group and a control group, the reliable and nonselective use of the reference standards for the diagnosis of LP and HCV, and the proportion of events (the prevalence of HCV in patients with LP or the prevalence of LP in patients with HCV).

Influence of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of PPAR-gamma on age at onset and sRAGE levels in Alzheimer's disease.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) has been described to have a role in the modulation of various genes involved in Abeta homeostasis, inflammation, and energy metabolism, making it a candidate gene for risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A functional polymorphism in exon 2 of the PPAR-gamma gene has been related to AD, but the effects are inconsistent across studies. To determine the role of PPAR-gamma in genetic susceptibility to AD in a representative Chinese sample, we genotyped 362 AD patients and 370 healthy controls for PPAR-gamma Pro12Ala polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

Genetic polymorphisms of interleukin 8 and risk of ulcerative colitis in the Chinese population.

Background: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a CXC chemokine that recruits and activates inflammatory cells, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). There are no studies on the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-8 gene with the risk of UC.

Methods: All 162 unrelated UC patients and 203 control subjects were analyzed for 5 IL-8 SNPs ((-845 (T/C), -738 (T/A), -353 (A/T), -251 (T/A) and +678 (T/C)) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay and PCR-sequence-specific primers (SSP) method.

Interaction between interleukin-8 and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genes modulates Alzheimer's disease risk.

Background/aim: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ability of individuals to produce high levels of IL-8 is partially determined by the IL-8 -251 T/A polymorphism. Therefore, we investigated the association between this polymorphism and AD in a Chinese population.

Polymorphisms of the macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha and ApoE genes are associated with ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: An increased production of macrophage inflammatory proteins 1 alpha (MIP-1alpha) has been reported to be associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated whether a polymorphism site in MIP-1alpha was associated with UC in a Chinese population. Additionally, considering the abnormal lipoprotein metabolism in subjects with UC, we also sought to determine whether genetic variation in the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene may play a role in the development of UC.