Biomechanical bearing-based typing method for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: ABC typing.

Type classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is important for collapse prediction in ONFH, which depends on a complexity of factors. At present, most typing is based on single factors, including the location or size of the necrosis, or the bone repair capacity after ONFH, and is therefore limited. The present study proposes an 'ABC' method for ONFH typing based on biomechanics and the stress distribution characteristics of the femoral head's bone trabeculae.

Atorvastatin attenuates experimental contrast-induced acute kidney injury: a role for TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.

Objectives: To investigate the protective effect of different atorvastatin doses on contrast-induced acute kidney injury and the related mechanism.

Methods: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, experimental control group and different-dose atorvastatin groups. A rat model of contrast-induced acute kidney injury was established.

Predictive Factors Upon Discontinuation of Renal Replacement Therapy for Long-Term Chronic Dialysis and Death in Acute Kidney Injury Patients.

The specific timing for discontinuing renal replacement therapy (RRT) in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients is debatable. The predictive abilities of variables at the time of discontinuation of RRT for the long-term prognoses of patients have not been explored. This study aimed to explore the prognostic factors upon discontinuation of RRT for long-term chronic dialysis and death of patients with acute RRT-requiring AKI, thus improving decision making regarding the discontinuation of RRT and the follow-up of patients thereafter.

Biomarkers upon discontinuation of renal replacement therapy predict 60-day survival and renal recovery in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury.

Introduction: There is no consensus on the specific indications for weaning critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) off renal replacement therapy (RRT). This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of several biomarkers measured upon discontinuation of RRT for their value in predicting 60-day survival and renal recovery in an effort to add knowledge to the decision-making process regarding RRT withdrawal.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 102 patients with AKI who required RRT from the intensive care unit.

Renal pathological implications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal involvement.

Aims: To investigate the renal pathological implications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal involvement.

Methods: A total of 328 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with renal involvement who underwent a renal biopsy and received follow-up for at least one year were recruited in our study. The patients were divided into the diabetic nephropathy (DN), non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD), and NDRD superimposed on DN groups based on the pathological diagnosis.

Atrial Fibrillation is Associated With Poor Outcomes in Thrombolyzed Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The influence of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the clinical outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke (IS) has not been completely determined. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between AF and adverse events in patients with acute IS treated with thrombolysis.PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies regarding the association between AF and the outcomes of patients with IS treated with thrombolysis.

A case of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis syndrome secondary to high-altitude polycythemia.

In recent years, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis has become the commonest cause of the nephrotic syndrome seen in adults. Secondary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is observed when glomerular workload is increased. We report a case of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with nephrotic syndrome secondary to high-altitude polycythemia (HAPC).

Hereditary features, treatment, and prognosis of the lipoprotein glomerulopathy in patients with the APOE Kyoto mutation.

Lipoprotein glomerulopathy is a rare inherited renal disease, caused by mutation of the APOE gene, characterized by proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome with elevated serum apoE. Since its treatment and outcome are unknown, we retrospectively studied 35 patients within 31 unrelated Han families with biopsy-proven lipoprotein glomerulopathy residing in the same county in southwest China. DNA sequencing detected the APOE Kyoto mutation (p.

Amelioration of rhabdomyolysis-induced renal mitochondrial injury and apoptosis through suppression of Drp-1 translocation.

Introduction: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in acute kidney injury (AKI). Mitochondrial fission regulated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp-1) impairs the function of the mitochondria and the survival of cells. This study was conducted to explore the effects of suppression of Drp-1 accumulation in the mitochondria, on mitochondrial function and renal tubular cell apoptosis in rhabdomyolysis (RM)-induced AKI.

Evaluation of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate in the Chinese population.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that the performance of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation equations vary according to the races of the target population. The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation has not been validated in the Chinese population including patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 977 adult persons (682 patients with CKD and 295 healthy volunteers) from nine renal institutes of university hospitals located in nine geographic regions of China were enrolled in the study.

Hyponatraemia in patients with crush syndrome during the Wenchuan earthquake.

Background: Although sodium disturbances are common in hospitalised patients, no study has specifically investigated the epidemiology of hyponatraemia in patients with crush syndrome.

Objectives: To describe the incidence of hyponatraemia and assess its effect on outcome in patients with crush syndrome during the Wenchuan earthquake.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 17 reference hospitals during the Wenchuan earthquake.

[Relation between bone matrix proteins and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in renal small artery in diabetic nephropathy rats].

Objective: To observe the expressions of bone matrix proteins and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ((MCP-1) in the renal arteriole of diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and analyze their correlations and roles in diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: Adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were used to establish the animal model of diabetic nephropathy induced by peritoneal injection of 55 mg/kg of streptozocin. Calcium deposit around the renal arteriole was observed by alizarin red staining.

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage after hemodialysis involving anticoagulant agents.

In this paper, we described the symptoms and treatment of a patient with diabetic nephropathy accompanied by spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage after hemodialysis. An elderly female patient with diabetic nephropathy presented with severe pain, numbness, and an increasing swelling in the left hip and left thigh after six sessions of hemodialysis involving the use of an antiplatelet drug and an anticoagulant agent. Her hemoglobin decreased to 46 g/L.

Involvement of parathyroid hormone-related protein in vascular calcification of chronic haemodialysis patients.

Aims: To investigate the role of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in vascular calcification of patients with chronic hemodialysis.

Methods: The inferior epigastric arteries were obtained from 23 patients on chronic haemodialysis and 16 patients with renal carcinoma as control. Haematoxylin-eosin staining, elastic fibre staining, Alizarin Red calcium staining and immunohistochemical staining of PTHrP, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), Cbfa1/Runx2 were performed.

Continuous venovenous hemofiltration and hemoperfusion in successful treatment of a patient with crush syndrome and acute pancreatitis.

In this article, we report a patient with crush syndrome (CS) who developed acute renal failure (ARF) and acute pancreatitis. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) and intermittent hemoperfusion (HP) were successfully performed in this patient and satisfactory effects were achieved. The treatment of this patient suggested that early intervention with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) may be useful and a multiple-mode treatment may be a better choice.

[Relationship between activation of mannan-binding lectin complement and NF-kappaB in diabetic nephropathy].

Objective: To study the activation of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) complement in STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and its relationship with NF-kappaB.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control and diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ.

[Influence of high glucose and mannose binding lectin complement pathway activation to IL-6 and TNF-alpha's expression by human renal glomerular endothelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of high glucose and mannose binding lectin (MBL) complement pathway activation's effect on expression of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEC), to explore unknown pathogenesy of diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: Normal HRGEC was divided randomly into normal glucose group(5 mmol/L D-glucose), manicol group (5 mmol/L D-glucose+25 mmol/L manicol) and high glucose group (30 mmol/L D-glucose). Real-time PCR was used to detect IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in each group, Euzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was performed to examine the protein expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in supernatant after 24 hours' culture.

[Effects of high glucose on expression of core binding factor alpha1 and osteocalcin in vascular smooth muscle cells].

Objective: To investigate the effects of high glucose on expression of core binding factor alpha1 (cbfalpha-1) and osteocalcin (OC) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and discuss the mechanism of small vessels calcification induced by high glucose (GS) in vitro.

Methods: The primary cultured VSMCs from rats' aortic segments were divided into three groups, including normal control group (5 mmol/L D-glucose), high glucose group (25 mmol/L D-glucose) and mannitol group (5 mmol/L D-glucose plus 25 mmol/L mannitol). We measured quantitatively the calcium deposition in VSMCs and investigated the calcium extent of VSMCs by alizarin red stain in each group.

Efficacy and safety of mizoribine combined with losartan in the treatment of IgA nephropathy: a multicenter, randomized, controlled study.

Introduction: Few have tried to prove the effectiveness of mizoribine combined with losartan for adult IgA nephropathy patients in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods: A multicenter, randomized, controlled, 12-month study was performed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of mizoribine combined with losartan for adult IgA nephropathy. Ninety-nine patients with primary IgA nephropathy from 8 clinical institutions were randomly assigned to the losartan group (n = 30), the mizoribine group (n = 35) or the combination (losartan+mizoribine) group (n = 34).

[Effect of high concentration of glucose on thickness of glycocalyx and expression of syndecan-1 and glypican-1 in cultured human renal glomerular endothelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the influence of high concentration of glucose on the thickness of Glycocalyx and expression of core protein Sydecan-1 and Glypican-1 in cultured human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs).

Methods: HRGECs in culture were randomly divided into 3 groups, high concentration of glucose (30 mmol/L D-glucose, high glucose group), normal concentration of glucose as controlled group (5 mmol/L D-glucose+25 mmol/L mannitol, normal control group), and mannitol group (30 mmol/L mannitol) respectively. After 72 hours, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to observe and characterize the fully hydrated glycoalyx of HRGECs.

The clinical features and outcome of crush patients with acute kidney injury after the Wenchuan earthquake: differences between elderly and younger adults.

Background: On May 12, 2008, a devastating earthquake hit Wenchuan county of China's Sichuan province. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most lethal but reversible complications of crush syndrome after an earthquake. However, little is known about the epidemiological features of elderly crush patients with AKI.