Excessive accumulation of auxin inhibits protocorm development during germination of Paphiopedilum spicerianum.

Excessive auxin accumulation inhibits protocorm development during germination of Paphiopedilum spicerianum, delaying shoot meristem formation by downregulating boundary genes (CUC1, CUC2, CLV3) and promoting fungal colonization, essential for seedling establishment. Paphiopedilum, possess high horticultural and conservational value. Asymbiotic germination is a common propagation method, but high rates of protocorm developmental arrest hinder seedling establishment.

Comparative transcriptomic and hormonal analyses reveal potential regulation networks of adventitious root formation in Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng.

Background: The extract from Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng, a rare and endangered species native to China, exhibits numerous biological and pharmacological activities. The species is recalcitrant to rooting during micropropagation, a challenge that has yet to be resolved. In this study, transcriptomic and hormonal analyses were conducted to appreciate the molecular mechanism of adventitious root (AR) formation in optimized rooting conditions.

Tumor Microenvironment Cascade Activated Biodegradable Nano-Enzymes for Glutathione-Depletion and Ultrasound-Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is emerged as a novel and promising tumor therapy by using the powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill cancer cells. However, the current CDT is remarkably inhibited due to insufficient HO supply and over-expression of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a biodegradable self-supplying HO nano-enzyme of CuO@CaP with a GSH-consumption effect is designed for cascade enhanced CDT to overcome the problem of HO deficiency and GSH overexpression.

Integrating Physiology, Cytology, and Transcriptome to Reveal the Leaf Variegation Mechanism in Chia E Yenlin Variegata Leaves.

orchids, with their unique appearance and extended flowering period, are among the most commercially valuable Orchidaceae worldwide. Particularly, the variegation in leaf color of significantly enhances the ornamental and economic value and knowledge of the molecular mechanism of leaf-color variegation in is lacking. In this study, an integrative analysis of the physiology, cytology, and transcriptome profiles was performed on Chia E Yenlin Variegata leaves between the green region (GR) and yellow region (YR) within the same leaf.

Rational Design of Activatable Lanthanide NIR-IIb Emissive Nanoprobe for In Situ Specific Imaging of HOCl In Vivo.

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), as an indispensable signaling molecule in organisms, is one of the key members of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, in vivo, real-time dynamic near-infrared fluorescence imaging of HOCl levels in the 1400-1700 nm sub-window (NIR-IIb) remains a major challenge due to the lack of suitable detection methods. Herein, a general design of HOCl-responsive NIR-IIb fluorescence nanoprobe is proposed by integrating NaLuFYb/Er@NaLuF downshift nanoparticles (DSNPs) and HOCl recognition/NIR-IIb emissive modulation unit of MS (M = Cu, Co, Pb) nanodots for real-time monitoring of HOCl levels.

Nanomaterials for gas sensing and delivery.

Run Zhang, Songjun Zeng, and Rona Chandrawati introduce the themed issue 'Nanomaterials for gas sensing and delivery'.

Tissue Culture via Protocorm-like Bodies in an Orchids Hybrids SCBG Huihuang90.

This study successfully established an efficient in vitro propagation system for SCBG Huihuang90 via protocorm-like body (PLB) formation from seed-derived calluses, PLB proliferation and differentiation, root induction and greenhouse acclimatization. Furthermore, 1/2 Murashige and Skoog (MS) + 0.025 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was suitable for the proliferation of PLBs, and 1/2MS + 10% coconut water (CW, /) + 0.

Chromosome-level genome assembly and demographic history of Euryodendron excelsum in monotypic genus endemic to China.

Euryodendron excelsum is in a monotypic genus Euryodendron, endemic to China. It has intermediate morphisms in the Pentaphylacaceae or Theaceae families, which make it distinct. Due to anthropogenic disturbance, E.

Improved chromosome-level genome assembly of Indian sandalwood (Santalum album).

Santalum album is a well-known aromatic and medicinal plant that is highly valued for the essential oil (EO) extracted from its heartwood. In this study, we present a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of S. album after integrating PacBio Sequel, Illumina HiSeq paired-end and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture sequencing technologies.

Identification of HpMYB1 inducing anthocyanin accumulation in Hippeastrum Hybridum tepals by RNA-seq.

Background: Cultivated Hippeastrum × hybridum is a popular ornamental plant with large and colorful flowers, long flowering duration, and high commercial value. As its main ornamental feature, its flower color is related to the anthocyanin content in the tepals. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in H.

Gibberellic Acid Inhibits - Symbiosis by Regulating the Expression of Cell Wall Metabolism Genes.

Orchid seeds lack endosperms and depend on mycorrhizal fungi for germination and nutrition acquisition under natural conditions. is a mycorrhizal fungus that promotes seed germination and seedling development in epiphytic orchids, such as . To understand the impact of on seed germination, we examined endogenous hormone levels by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

An Activated Structure Transformable Ratiometric Photoacoustic Nanoprobe for Real-Time Dynamic Monitoring of HS .

HS has emerged as a promising biomarker for many diseases such as colon cancer and metformin-induced hepatotoxicity. Real-time monitoring of HS levels is significant for early accurate diagnosis of these diseases. Herein, a new accurate and reliable nanoprobe (Au NRs@Ag) was designed for real-time dynamic ratiometric photoacoustic (PA) imaging of HS based on the endogenous HS-triggered local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) red-shift.

Correction: Hybrid lanthanide nanoparticles as a new class of binary contrast agents for / dual-weighted MRI and synergistic tumor diagnosis.

Correction for 'Hybrid lanthanide nanoparticles as a new class of binary contrast agents for / dual-weighted MRI and synergistic tumor diagnosis' by Zhigao Yi , , 2016, , 2715-2722, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TB02375K.

The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of and and Comparative Analysis with Related Species (Orchidaceae, Malaxideae).

is a rare orchid genus of the Malaxidinae primarily distributed in tropical Pacific islands, with several species occurring in the Taiwan and Hainan Islands of China. Currently, the monophyletic status of has been challenged, and the phylogenetic relationships among its allied groups have remained unresolved with traditional DNA markers. In this study, we initially sequenced and annotated the chloroplast (cp) genomes of two species, (Lindl.

Comparative analyses and phylogenetic relationships of thirteen Pholidota species (Orchidaceae) inferred from complete chloroplast genomes.

Background: The orchid genus Pholidota Lindl. ex Hook. is economically important as some species has long been used in traditional medicine.

NIR-II Light-Activated Gold Nanorods for Synergistic Thermodynamic and Photothermal Therapy of Tumor.

There are tricky challenges in tumor therapy due to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, inevitably inhibiting the treatment efficacy of the traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT), radiation therapy (RT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Herein, to overcome tumor hypoxia limitation, we constructed a near-infrared II (NIR-II) light-triggered thermodynamic therapy (TDT) nanoplatform of Au@mSiO-AIPH@PCM/PEG (ASAPP) by integrating the Au nanorods (Au NRs) and thermally activated alkyl free radical-releasing molecules (AIPH). Au NRs@mSiO was used as a photothermally responsive material and AIPH carrier, and the hot-melt phase-change material (PCM) was used as a capping agent to prevent leakage of AIPH during blood circulation.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals biosynthesis genes and transcription factors related to leaf anthocyanin biosynthesis in Aglaonema commutatum.

Background: Aglaonema commutatum 'Red Valentine', as a foliage ornamental plant, is widely used for interior and exterior decoration because of its easy cultivation and management. However, reduced proportion of red foliage during large-scale production of A. commutatum seedlings is a frequent occurrence, which has considerable implications on the plant's ornamental and market value.

Shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from leaf and petiole explants of endangered Euryodendron excelsum.

Euryodendron excelsum H.T. Chang is a rare and endangered woody plant endemic to China.

NIR-II Responsive Upconversion Nanoprobe with Simultaneously Enhanced Single-Band Red Luminescence and Phase/Size Control for Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy.

Lanthanide based upconversion (UC) nanoprobes have emerged as promising agents for biological applications. Extending the excitation light to the second near-infrared (NIR-II), instead of the traditional 980/808 nm light, and realizing NIR-II responsive single-band red UC emission is highly demanded for bioimaging application, which has not yet been explored. Here, a new type of NIR-II (1532 nm) light responsive UC nanoparticles (UCNPs) with enhanced single-band red UC emission and controllable phase and size is designed by introducing Er as sensitizer and utilizing Mn as energy manipulator.

Recyclable Endogenous H S Activation of Self-Assembled Nanoprobe with Controllable Biodegradation for Synergistically Enhanced Colon Cancer-Specific Therapy.

Excessive production of hydrogen sulfide (H S) plays a crucial role in the progress of colon cancer. Construction of tumor-specific H S-activated smart nanoplatform with controllable biodegradation is of great significance for precise and sustainable treatment of colon cancer. Herein, an endogenous H S triggered Co-doped polyoxometalate (POM-Co) cluster with self-adjustable size, controlled biodegradation, and sustainable cyclic depletion of H S/glutathione (GSH) is designed for synergistic enhanced tumor-specific photothermal and chemodynamic therapy.

The complete chloroplast genome of (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae).

is a rare orchid species of the tribe Malaxideae mainly distributed in tropical Asia. This is the only species of the genus Thouars which has been reported to occur in China. Despite the importance of this genus, previous molecular studies based on few markers have resulted in limited phylogenetic resolution.

AcMYB1 Interacts With AcbHLH1 to Regulate Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in .

is one of the most popular foliage plants with abundant leaf phenotypes; therefore, anthocyanin coloration is a vital economic trait in . However, the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis and its regulation remain unclear. In this study, and , transcription factor genes related to an R2R3-myeloblast (MYB) and a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), respectively, were isolated from "Red Valentine" and functionally characterized.

Exogenous GA promotes flowering in (Orchidaceae) through bolting and lateral flower development regulation.

orchids have a high ornamental value, and their flower abundance and timing are both key horticultural traits regulated by phytohormones. All one-flowered have additional lateral buds in the apical bract that fail to develop. In this study, an exogenous gibberellin (GA) application promoted flowering of by inducing its early bolting instead of the floral transition of dominant flowers.