Transcriptome-wide association studies identify candidate genes for carcass and meat traits in meat rabbits.

Meat rabbits are a small herbivorous livestock and have been popularly raised in China for producing high-quality meat. Therefore, it is economically important to genetically improve both carcass performance and meat quality in meat rabbits. However, we still know less about the underlying candidate genes that may determine phenotypic variation on carcass and meat traits of meat rabbits.

Genome-Wide Association Studies of Growth Trait Heterosis in Crossbred Meat Rabbits.

The application of heterosis can not only effectively improve the disease resistance and meat quality of livestock, but also significantly enhance the reproduction and growth of livestock and poultry. We conducted genome-wide association studies using data from F2 crossbred meat rabbits to screen out candidate genes with significant dominant effects associated with economic trait variation. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to obtain SNPs covering the whole genome to evaluate the homozygosity of the population genome, and analyze the number, length, frequency, and distribution of ROHs in the population.

L-Histidine attenuates NEFA-induced inflammatory responses by suppressing Gab2 expression.

Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), key to energy metabolism, may become pathogenic at elevated levels, potentially eliciting immune reactions. Our laboratory's findings of reduced L-histidine in ketotic states, induced by heightened NEFA concentrations, suggest an interrelation with NEFA metabolism. This observation necessitates further investigation into the mitigating role of L-histidine on the deleterious effects of NEFAs.

Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of L-Histidine and NEFA Treatments in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.

Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are pivotal in energy metabolism, yet high concentrations can lead to ketosis, a common metabolic disorder in cattle. Our laboratory observed lower levels of L-histidine in cattle suffering from ketosis, indicating a potential interaction between L-histidine and NEFA metabolism. This relationship prompted us to investigate the metabolomic alterations in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) induced by elevated NEFA levels and to explore L-histidine's potential mitigating effects.

miR-425-5p Regulates Proliferation of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Targeting .

In recent years, rising temperatures have caused heat stress (HS), which has had a significant impact on livestock production and growth, presenting considerable challenges to the agricultural industry. Research has shown that miR-425-5p regulates cellular proliferation in organisms. However, the specific role of miR-425-5p in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) remains to be determined.

Long-read sequencing-based transcriptomic landscape in longissimus dorsi and transcriptome-wide association studies for growth traits of meat rabbits.

Rabbits are an attractive meat livestock species that can efficiently convert human-indigestible plant biomass, and have been commonly used in biological and medical researches. Yet, transcriptomic landscape in muscle tissue and association between gene expression level and growth traits have not been specially studied in meat rabbits. In this study Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing technology was used for comprehensively exploring transcriptomic landscape in Longissimus dorsi for 115 rabbits at 84 days of age, and transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) were performed for growth traits, including body weight at 84 days of age and average daily gain during three growth periods.

Let-7a-5p Regulates Animal Lipid Accumulation by Targeting Srebf2 and Thbs1 Signaling.

Recently, the trend of obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent, and the underlying pathogenesis of obesity is complex and needs to be researched further. In this study, we report a decreased expression of let-7a-5p in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of animals with obesity. Using the RNA oligo, let-7a-5p over-expression or suppression-expression is achieved, impacting the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes in vitro.

TMT-Based Proteomics Analysis Revealed the Protein Changes in Perirenal Fat from Obese Rabbits.

Obesity has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, and there is a need for a deeper understanding of the complex pathogenesis underlying the obesity condition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate how a high-fat diet (HFD) affects protein expression in a female-rabbit model compared to a standard normal-diet group (SND), to gain comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in obesity. To achieve this objective, a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis was conducted to examine the molecular changes occurring in the white adipose tissue (WAT) from the HFD and SND groups.

miR-196a Promotes Proliferation of Mammary Epithelial Cells by Targeting .

Heat stress (HS) has become one of the key challenges faced by the dairy industry due to global warming. Studies have reported that miR-196a may exert a role in the organism's response to HS, enhancing cell proliferation and mitigating cellular stress. However, its specific role in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) remains to be elucidated.

lncRNA MSTRG4710 Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of Preadipocytes through miR-29b-3p/IGF1 Axis.

Obesity, a major global health issue, is increasingly associated with the integral role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in adipogenesis. Recently, we found that lncRNA-MSTRG4710 was highly expressed in the liver of rabbits fed a high-fat diet, but whether it is involved in lipid metabolism remains unclear. A series of experiments involving CCK-8, EDU, qPCR, and Oil Red O staining demonstrated that the overexpression of MSTRG4710 stimulated the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes while its knockdown inhibited these processes.

A Preliminary Study of the Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Individual Growth and Rumen Development in Calves with Different Feeding Patterns.

At present, it is common to feed calves with "Concentrate", "Concentrate + hay" and TMR "Total Mixed Rations" feeding patterns in China, which achieved well feeding efficiency, but the three feeding patterns molecular regulation mechanism in actual production is still unclear. The study aimed to explore the most suitable feeding pattern for Chinese Holstein calves to improve the rumen fermentation function and growth performance of calves. In this regard, the interactions between rumen microorganisms and host metabolism were investigated.

miR-383-5p Regulates Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation by Targeting .

Obesity has become a major health problem worldwide, and increasing evidence supports the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in its pathogenesis. Recently, we found that miR-383-5p_1 is highly expressed in the perirenal fat of high-fat-fed rabbits, but it is not yet known whether miR-383-5p is involved in lipid metabolism. Here, we used transcriptome sequencing technology to screen 1642 known differentially expressed genes between miR-383-5p mimic groups and miR-383-5p negative control groups.

Vaginal Microbiome Dynamics of Cows in Different Parities.

At present, there is still room for research on the relationship between the vaginal microbiome and the reproductive health of dairy cows. In this study, high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to explore the differences of bacterial communities of dairy cows of different births, gain a deeper understanding of cow reproductive physiology, and maintain cow health. With the increase in parity, the number of vaginal flora decreased from 3511 to 469, but the number of species increased significantly, and Chao1 increased from 1226.

The effects of differential feeding on ileum development, digestive ability and health status of newborn calves.

Pre-weaning is the most important period for the growth and development of calves. Intestinal morphology, microbial community and immunity are initially constructed at this stage, and even have a lifelong impact on calves. Early feeding patterns have a significant impact on gastrointestinal development and microbial communities.

Interference of a mammalian circRNA regulates lipid metabolism reprogramming by targeting miR-24-3p/Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and Igf2bp2/Ucp1 axis.

White adipose tissue (WAT) is important for regulating the whole systemic energy homeostasis. Excessive WAT accumulation further contributes to the development of obesity and obesity-related illnesses. More detailed mechanisms for WAT lipid metabolism reprogramming, however, are still elusive.

High expression of miR-30c-5p in satellite cells of high-fat diet-induced obese rabbits inhibited satellite cell proliferation and promoted differentiation.

It was revealed in our previous study that the expression of miR-30c-5p in the skeletal muscle of rabbits fed high-fat diet was highly expressed. In the present study, we further investigated the function of miR-30c-5p in proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cell (SMSC). The results obtained in the present study showed that the skeletal muscle fibers of the rabbits fed the standard normal diet (SND) were orderly, regular, and uniform after HE staining, however, the muscle fibers of the rabbits fed the high-fat diet (HFD) were generally atrophied, some were arranged disorderly, the intercellular space was enlarged, the nucleus was increased, and the morphology and position were abnormal.

Integration of Non-Coding RNA and mRNA Profiles Reveals the Mechanisms of Rumen Development Induced by Different Types of Diet in Calves.

Selecting suitable feed types and understanding the gastrointestinal digestive mechanism are helpful for the growth and health of calves in intensive dairy farming. However, the effects on rumen development of changing the molecular genetic basis and the regulatory mechanism by using different feed types are still unclear. Nine 7-day-old Holstein bull calves were randomly divided into GF (concentrate), GFF (alfalfa: oat grass = 3:2) and TMR (concentrate: alfalfa grass: oat grass: water = 0.

Comprehensive analysis of microRNA and metabolic profiles in bovine seminal plasma of different semen quality.

Background: Seminal plasma plays a pivotal role in modulating sperm viability and function. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Method: In this study, the bull semen production records of core breeding farms and bull stations in the past 10 years were analyzed.

Comparison of Fecal Microbiota Communities between Primiparous and Multiparous Cows during Non-Pregnancy and Pregnancy.

Imbalances in the gut microbiota composition may lead to several reproductive disorders and diseases during pregnancy. This study investigates the fecal microbiome composition between primiparous and multiparous cows during non-pregnancy and pregnancy to analyze the host-microbial balance at different stages. The fecal samples obtained from six cows before their first pregnancy (BG), six cows during their first pregnancy (FT), six open cows with more than three lactations (DCNP), and six pregnant cows with more than three lactations (DCP) were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing, and a differential analysis of the fecal microbiota composition was performed.

Negative effects of heat stress on ovarian tissue in female rabbit.

Numerous studies have highlighted the role of miRNA in the deformation and necrosis of cells of ovarian tissue caused by heat stress (HS), which ultimately affects ovarian function. Although the role of small RNAs has been investigated in alterations in ovarian tissue functioning in response to HS, the expression profile of ovarian miRNA has been explored to a lesser extent. In this study, female rabbits were subject to HS treatment by using electrical heater.