Tissue Clearing and Its Application in the Musculoskeletal System.

The musculoskeletal system is an integral part of the human body. Currently, most skeletal muscle research is conducted through conventional histological sections due to technological limitations and the structure of skeletal muscles. For studying and observing bones and muscles, there is an urgent need for three-dimensional, objective imaging technologies.

Effect of micro/nanoscaled Ti phosphate/Ti oxide hybrid coating on the osseointegration of Ti implants.

Objectives: This study was performed to fabricate a bionic coating with titanium (Ti) phosphate to promote the osseointegration of Ti substrate implants.

Methods: Phosphorylated micro/nanocoating was prepared on the surface of pure titanium (i.e.

Comprehensive correction of maxillofacial bone deformity-consideration and combined application of orthognathic surgery and facial contouring surgery.

The maxillofacial skeleton is the basis of the contour of the face. Orthognathic surgery and facial contouring surgery change jaw tissue and affect facial appearance in different manners. Orthognathic surgery is the main method to correct dental and maxillofacial deformities.

Correction of mandibular deficiency by inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac crest bone grafting.

This study was to describe the use of inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac bone graft for the management of mandibular deficiency in adult patients. From 2008 to 2010, 11 patients (aged 19 to 29 years) with mandibular deficiency underwent intraoral or extraoral inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac crest bone grafting. Data were collected from the patients' records, photographs and radiographs.

[Narrowing and sliding genioplasty procedure combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to correct square jaw in short face].

Objective: To evaluate the the feasibility and effectiveness of narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to reshape a square jaw in short face.

Methods: From July 2005 to October 2009, a total of 57 patients received narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy procedure to correct square jaw in short face. All the patients had standard frontal and lateral cephalometric radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and were photographed preoperatively and postoperatively to assess their face contour.

[Correction of low angel-square jaw with mandibular "V-Line" ostectomy combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy].

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of mandibular "V-Line" osteotomy combined with mandibular outer cortex osteotomy for correction of low angle-square jaw.

Methods: From Jul. 2005 to Nov.

Free grafting of autogenous coronoid process for condylar reconstruction in patients with temporomandibular joint ankylosis.

Objective: This article describes the clinical effects of condylar reconstruction by free grafting of autogenous coronoid process in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis.

Study Design: Fifteen cases of uni- or bilateral TMJ ankylosis during a 3-year period from March 2004 to March 2007 were surgically treated, and the average observation period was 22 months. All patients were treated by condylar reconstruction of immediate autogenous coronoid process grafts.

Growth of the mandible after condylar reconstruction using transport distraction osteogenesis: an experimental investigation in goats.

Background: Mandibular condyle damage during childhood disturbs mandibular growth and facial skeletal development. Transport distraction osteogenesis provides a new treatment for condyle reconstruction, but there are no data available on mandibular growth in growing individuals following surgery. The authors investigated the effect of condylar reconstruction by transport distraction osteogenesis on mandibular growth in goats.

[Study of reconstruction of mandibular condyle by transport distraction osteogenesis in monkeys].

Objective: To evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of reconstruction of mandibular condyle by transport distraction osteogenesis in an animal model of rhesus monkeys.

Methods: Six adult rhesus monkeys were used in this study. Bilateral condyles and articular discs were extirpated, and the technique of transport distraction osteogenesis was performed to reconstruct the condyle.

Autogenous coronoid process as a new donor source for reconstruction of mandibular condyle: an experimental study on goats.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of autogenous coronoid process grafts for reconstruction of the mandibular condyle.

Study Design: Two groups of 9 goats each were used. Each animal underwent unilateral total condyle and disk removal and was treated by grafting an autogeneous coronoid process.

[Quantitative histomorphometric observation of distraction osteogenesis during mandibular lengthening].

Purpose: To evaluate the regenerating bone during mandibular distraction osteogenesis by bone histomorphometry combining tetracycline bone labeling fluorescence microscopy.

Methods: Osteotomy was performed on bilateral mandibles in ten goats. A custom-made distractor was applied to lengthen the mandible at a rate of 1 mm/d (0.