An Additive-Fabricated Biphasic Scaffold for Procedurally Promoting Bone Regeneration via Antioxidant and Osteogenesis.

The repair process of bone tissue includes the early inflammatory response period and the late tissue repair period. It has been widely approved to be beneficial to the repair of bone injury by procedurally inhibiting the inflammatory response in the early stage and promoting bone regeneration in the late stage. In this study, the nano-hydroxyapatite/Poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone) (n-HA/PGCL) scaffold loaded with icariin was fabricated by fused deposition modeling technique, and the quercetin-loaded GelMA was further filled into the scaffold pores via light-curing methods to form a biphasic scaffold loaded with dual molecules (PHI + GQ scaffold).

Aberrant zonal recycling of germinal center B cells impairs appropriate selection in lupus.

Autoimmune diseases such as lupus are characterized by polyclonal B cell activation, leading to the production of autoantibodies. The mechanism leading to B cell dysregulation is unclear; however, the defect may lie in selection within germinal centers (GCs). GC B cells cycle between proliferation and mutation in the dark zone and selection in the light zone (LZ).

T Follicular Helper Cell Heterogeneity.

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells specialize in helping B cells and are therefore critical contributors to the generation of humoral immunity. Tfh cells aid immunoglobulin class-switch recombination and support the germinal center response, thereby promoting immunoglobulin affinity maturation and the generation of humoral immune memory. Although their primary function is to promote B cell responses, Tfh cells also display phenotypic and functional diversity determined by the immunological and spatial contexts from which they emerge.

Dual growth factor-modified microspheres nesting human-derived umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for bone regeneration.

Background: Modular tissue engineering (MTE) is a novel "bottom-up" approach that aims to mimic complex tissue microstructural features. The constructed micromodules are assembled into engineered biological tissues with repetitive functional microunits and form cellular networks. This is emerging as a promising strategy for reconstruction of biological tissue.

Cutting Edge: IL-21 and Tissue-Specific Signals Instruct Tbet+CD11c+ B Cell Development following Viral Infection.

Tbet+CD11c+ B cells, also known as age-associated B cells (ABCs), are pivotal contributors to humoral immunity following infection and in autoimmunity, yet their in vivo generation is incompletely understood. We used a mouse model of systemic acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection to examine the developmental requirements of ABCs that emerged in the spleen and liver. IL-21 signaling through STAT3 was indispensable for ABC development.

Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activity of Essential Oils from (L.) Ohashi.

The present study aimed to determine the chemical compositions of essential oils (EOs) from (L.) Ohashi and evaluate their antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activity under the comprehensive influence of chemical components. The essential oils were extracted from (L.

The ion transporter Na-K-ATPase enables pathological B cell survival in the kidney microenvironment of lupus nephritis.

The kidney is a comparatively hostile microenvironment characterized by highsodium concentrations; however, lymphocytes infiltrate and survive therein in autoimmune diseases such as lupus. The effects of sodium-lymphocyte interactions on tissue injury in autoimmune diseases and the mechanisms used by infiltrating lymphocytes to survive the highsodium environment of the kidney are not known. Here, we show that kidney-infiltrating B cells in lupus adapt to elevated sodium concentrations and that expression of sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase) correlates with the ability of infiltrating cells to survive.

Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of L. Volatile Organic Compounds.

In the current study, the phytochemical constituents of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) obtained from L. were identified by GC-FID and GC-MS analysis. A total of 73 volatile organic compounds were identified.

Development of Tbet- and CD11c-expressing B cells in a viral infection requires T follicular helper cells outside of germinal centers.

TbetCD11c B cells arise during type 1 pathogen challenge, aging, and autoimmunity in mice and humans. Here, we examined the developmental requirements of this B cell subset. In acute infection, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, but not Th1 cells, drove TbetCD11c B cell generation through proximal delivery of help.

Peri-implant keratinized gingiva augmentation using xenogeneic collagen matrix and platelet-rich fibrin: A case report.

Background: Keratinized gingival insufficiency is a disease attributed to long-term tooth loss, can severely jeopardizes the long-term health of implants. A simple and effective augmentation surgery method should be urgently developed.

Case Summary: A healthy female patient, 45-year-old, requested implant restoration of the her left mandibular first molar and second molar.

High-affinity, neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 can be made without T follicular helper cells.

T follicular helper (T) cells are the conventional drivers of protective, germinal center (GC)–based antiviral antibody responses. However, loss of T cells and GCs has been observed in patients with severe COVID-19. As T cell–B cell interactions and immunoglobulin class switching still occur in these patients, noncanonical pathways of antibody production may be operative during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Assessment of nano-hydroxyapatite and poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanocomposite microspheres fabricated by novel airflow shearing technique for in vivo bone repair.

A novel airflow shearing method was introduced to prepare microspheres efficiently with precisely control of microsphere size and homogeneity. The effects of technical parameters in the formation of the microspheres, such as solution concentration, nozzle size and airflow strength, were investigated. By optimizing the technical parameters (8% PLGA concentration, 27-32 G nozzle size, 6-8 l/min airflow strength), nano-hydroxyapatite and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanocomposite (nHA/PLGA) microspheres with a diameter around 250 μm and up to 40 wt% nHA content was prepared successfully.

Type I Interferon-Activated STAT4 Regulation of Follicular Helper T Cell-Dependent Cytokine and Immunoglobulin Production in Lupus.

Objective: To assess the role of STAT4 activation in driving pathogenic follicular helper T (Tfh) cell secretion of the cytokines interleukin-21 (IL-21) and interferon-γ (IFNγ) in murine and human lupus.

Methods: The effect of STAT4-dependent Tfh cell signaling on cytokine production and autoreactive B cell maturation was assessed temporally during the course of lupus in a murine model, with further assessment of Tfh cell gene transcription performed using RNA-Seq technology. STAT4-dependent signaling and cytokine production were also determined in circulating Tfh-like cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as compared to cells from healthy control subjects, and correlations with disease activity were assessed in the Tfh-like cells from SLE patients.

Magnetic Targeting of HU-MSCs in the Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Through Akt/Bcl2/Bad/Caspase-3 Pathway.

Purpose: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a chronic and irreversible disease that eventually develops into a joint collapse and results in joint dysfunction. Early intervention and treatment are essential for preserving the joints and avoiding hip replacement. In this study, a system of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells-supermagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) @polydopamine (SCIOPs) was constructed.

Identification of a T follicular helper cell subset that drives anaphylactic IgE.

Cross-linking of high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) results in the life-threatening allergic reaction anaphylaxis. Yet the cellular mechanisms that induce B cells to produce IgE in response to allergens remain poorly understood. T follicular helper (T) cells direct the affinity and isotype of antibodies produced by B cells.

T follicular helper cell heterogeneity: Time, space, and function.

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a crucial role in orchestrating the humoral arm of adaptive immune responses. Mature Tfh cells localize to follicles in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) where they provide help to B cells in germinal centers (GCs) to facilitate immunoglobulin affinity maturation, class-switch recombination, and generation of long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells. Beyond the canonical GC Tfh cells, it has been increasingly appreciated that the Tfh phenotype is highly diverse and dynamic.

Association Between Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, 2, 3 Polymorphisms and Oral Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Numerous studies have estimated the association between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) polymorphisms and the risk of oral cancer; the results, however, are inconsistent and conflicting. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of MMP-1, 2, and 3 polymorphisms with oral cancer risk.

Methods: A computerized literature search was conducted of electronic databases and search engines.

Growth Inhibition Effect and Validation of Stable Expressed Reference Genes for Near-Infrared Photothermal Therapy Mediated by Gold Nanoflower Particles on Human Tongue Carcinoma Tca-8113 Cells.

Compared with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other conventional cancer treatments, near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy mediated by gold nanoparticles had advantages of non-invasive, safe, non-drug resistance and small side effects. Especially for tongue cancer and other head and neck tumors, NIR gold nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy is more conducive to preserve the anatomic and functional integrity of stomatognathic system, improving the life quality of patients. However, the toxic organic phase substances are commonly used in conventional gold nanoparticles preparation process in order to increase the stability of the material which limited its application in the biomedical field.

Indocyanine Green-Loaded Gold Nanoflowers@Two Layers of Silica Nanocomposites for Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy of Oral Carcinoma.

Both photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are phototherapeutic approaches, which have been widely investigated for cancer therapy mediated by near infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Here, we successfully constructed a single-light triggered indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded gold nanocomposites which were composed of gold nanoflower core/two layers silica shell (AuNFs@SiO₂@mSiO₂-ICG) for enhanced PDT/PTT synergistic effect to oral carcinoma. The AuNFs@SiO₂@mSiO₂-ICG nanocomposites had no obviously cytotoxicity and could effectively arrest Cal27 cells in the G1 phase.

Cadmium transfer from contaminated soils to the human body through rice consumption in southern Jiangsu Province, China.

Consumption of crops grown in cadmium-contaminated soils is an important Cd exposure route to humans. The present study utilizes statistical analysis and in vitro digestion experiments to uncover the transfer processes of Cd from soils to the human body through rice consumption. Here, a model was created to predict the levels of bioaccessible Cd in rice grains using phytoavailable Cd quantities in the soil.

A Rapid Detection Method of Brucella with Quantum Dots and Magnetic Beads Conjugated with Different Polyclonal Antibodies.

Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular bacteria that cause zoonotic disease of brucellosis worldwide. Traditional methods for detection of Brucella spp.

[Study on the Turning Effect of the Energy Gap of π Electron on Atomic Vibration in Conjugated Linear Polymer].

The Visible absorption and Raman spectra of β-carotene were measured in dimethyl sulfoxide in temperature ranging from 81 to 25 ℃ and in carbon disulfide in pressure range from 0.04 to 0.60 GPa, respectively.

[Characteristic comparative study of particulate matters in Beijing before and during the Olympics].

Two city ecosystem research stations were selected for continuous monitoring of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration from June to September 2008, when the Beijing Olympic Games was held. The relationship between meteorological factors, artificial control management measures and PM2.