Combination of spatial transcriptomics analysis and retrospective study reveals liver infection of SARS-COV-2 is associated with clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

Background: Liver involvement is a common complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in hospitalized patients. However, the underlying mechanisms involved are not fully understood.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins was conducted on liver tissues from six patients with COVID-19.

Knockdown of hepatic mitochondrial calcium uniporter mitigates MASH and fibrosis in mice.

Background: Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) plays pleiotropic roles in cellular physiology and pathology that contributes to a variety of diseases, but the role and potential mechanism of MCU in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remain poorly understood.

Methods And Results: Here, hepatic knockdown of MCU in C57BL/6J mice was achieved by tail vein injection of AAV8-mediated the CRISPR/Cas9. Mice were fed a Choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined high-fat diet (CDAHFD) for 8 weeks to induce MASH and fibrosis.

Rapid identification of novel indolylarylsulfone derivatives as potent HIV-1 NNRTIs miniaturized CuAAC click-chemistry-based combinatorial libraries.

This article presents the rapid identification of novel indolylarylsulfone (IAS) derivatives as potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) for HIV-1 through a miniaturized click-chemistry-based combinatorial library approach. Utilizing copper(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), a reliable and biocompatible click chemistry technique, the researchers synthesized and characterized a series of IAS derivatives. Several compounds selected through the enzyme inhibition assay demonstrated promising activity in subsequent cellular level tests.

Rapid Fabrication of N-, Cu-, and Co-Doped Electrodes with Strong Electronic Coupling by Cold Plasma for Electrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia.

Electrochemical NO reduction (NORR) is a sustainable technology for ammonia synthesis. The development of a simple, fast, and economical catalytic electrode preparation technique is crucial for large-scale ammonia synthesis. Herein, we propose a plate-to-plate DBD plasma strategy to synthesize the catalytic electrodes M-N/CP (M = Cu, Co, Ni, CuCo, and CuNi), achieving in suit codoping of N and bimetals on carbon paper (CP) at room temperature within 3 h.

EMP3: A promising biomarker for tumor prognosis and targeted cancer therapy.

Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) belongs to the peripheral myelin protein 22 kDa (PMP22) gene family, characterized by four transmembrane domains and widespread expression across various human tissues and organs. Other members of the PMP22 family, including EMP1, EMP2, and PMP22, have been linked to various cancers, such as glioblastoma, laryngeal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, and endometrial cancer. However, few studies report on the function and relevance of EMP3 in tumorigenicity.

A case report on atypical presentations of Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) is a rare neurological disease with an unknown incidence. The manifestations of DDMS are variable, while typical symptoms are seizures, hemiparesis, and mental retardation. Here, we present a case involving a 19-year-old male patient who presents with headaches, mood changes, and a history of seizures during childhood.

Proteomic lung analysis revealed hyper-activation of neutrophil extracellular trap formation in cases of fatal COVID-19.

The molecular pathology of lung injury in patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain unclear. In this study, we performed a proteomic study of lung tissues from seven patients with COVID-19, and eight without. Lung parenchymal tissues with COVID-19 were obtained from autopsy samples, while control samples were obtained from paracancerous tissues.

Mycobacterial CpsA activates type I IFN signaling in macrophages via cGAS-mediated pathway.

Type I interferon (IFN) production is crucial in tuberculosis pathogenesis, yet the bacterial factors initiating this process are incompletely understood. CpsA, protein of , plays a key role in maintaining bacterial virulence and inhibiting host cell LC3-associated phagocytosis. By utilizing CpsA full deletion mutant studies, we re-verified its essential role in infection-induced pathology and revealed its new role in type I IFN expression.

Integrated single-cell transcriptome and T cell receptor profiling reveals defects of T cell exhaustion in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis-affected lungs with chronic inflammation harbor abundant immunosuppressive immune cells but the nature of such inflammation is unclear. Dysfunction in T cell exhaustion, while implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, remains unexplored in tuberculosis. Given that immunotherapy targeting exhaustion checkpoints exacerbates tuberculosis, we speculate that T cell exhaustion is dysfunctional in tuberculosis.

Clinical Value of Human Endogenous Retrovirus-H Long Terminal Repeat Associating 2 (HHLA2) in Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat associating 2 (HHLA2) is a new immune checkpoint in the B7 family, and the value of HHLA2 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is unknown. We retrospectively detected HHLA2 expression by immunohistochemistry in SCLC patients. Moreover, plasma biomarkers of SCLC were detected retrospectively.

Advancements in Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Research for Neurological Diseases.

Neurological diseases are a major cause of the global burden of disease. Although the mechanisms of the occurrence and development of neurological diseases are not fully clear, most of them are associated with cells mediating neuroinflammation. Yet medications and other therapeutic options to improve treatment are still very limited.

Temporal and cellular analysis of granuloma development in mycobacterial infected adult zebrafish.

Because granulomas are a hallmark of tuberculosis pathogenesis, the study of the dynamic changes in their cellular composition and morphological character can facilitate our understanding of tuberculosis pathogenicity. Adult zebrafish infected with Mycobacterium marinum form granulomas that are similar to the granulomas in human patients with tuberculosis and therefore have been used to study host-mycobacterium interactions. Most studies of zebrafish granulomas, however, have focused on necrotic granulomas, while a systematic description of the different stages of granuloma formation in the zebrafish model is lacking.

Mechanism of synergistic removal of NO and SO by sodium bicarbonate.

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) is considered to be an effective alkaline adsorbent for SO removal and surprisingly, the concentration of NO is significantly reduced along with the generation of NO during its desulfurization. Unfortunately, the mechanism of NO interaction with NaHCO, SO and O is ambiguous. In this work, the effects of absorption gas and absorber composition on SO/NO absorption performance were explored, the absorption products were characterized using XPS and SEM, and the Gibbs free energy of the inferred reaction path was calculated based on density functional theory (DFT).

Discovery of novel sulfonamide substituted indolylarylsulfones as potent HIV-1 inhibitors with better safety profiles.

Indolylarylsulfones (IASs) are classical HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) with a unique scaffold and possess potent antiviral activity To address the high cytotoxicity and improve safety profiles of IASs, we introduced various sulfonamide groups linked by alkyl diamine chain to explore the entrance channel of non-nucleoside inhibitors binding pocket. 48 compounds were designed and synthesized to evaluate their anti-HIV-1 activities and reverse transcriptase inhibition activities. Especially, compound RL was endowed with significant inhibitory activity towards wild-type HIV-1 (EC = 0.

Targeting Pericytes for Functional Recovery in Ischemic Stroke.

Pericytes surrounding endothelial cells in the capillaries are emerging as an attractive cell resource, which can show a large variety of functions in ischemic stroke, including preservation of the blood-brain barrier, regulation of immune function, and support for cerebral vasculature. These functions have been fully elucidated in previous studies. However, in recent years, increasing evidence has shown that pericytes play an important role in neurological recovery after ischemic stroke due to their regenerative function which can be summarized in two aspects according to current discoveries, one is that pericytes are thought to be multipotential themselves, and the other is that pericytes can promote the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs).

Inhibition of the maize salt overly sensitive pathway by ZmSK3 and ZmSK4.

Soil salinity is a worldwide problem that adversely affects plant growth and crop productivity. The salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway is evolutionarily conserved and essential for plant salt tolerance. In this study, we reveal how the maize shaggy/glycogen synthase kinase 3-like kinases ZmSK3 and ZmSK4, orthologs of brassinosteroid insensitive 2 in Arabidopsis thaliana, regulate the maize SOS pathway.

circANKRD28 inhibits cisplatin resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer through the miR-221-3p/SOCS3 axis.

Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common cancer. Chemotherapeutic drug resistance limits the therapeutic effect of NSCLC and leads to a poor prognosis. As a result, new specific targets may be better identified by studying the mechanism of drug resistance to cisplatin in NSCLC.

Identification and validation of a novel angiogenesis-related gene signature for predicting prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: Angiogenesis is a major promotor of tumor progression and metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma (STAD). We aimed to develop a novel lncRNA gene signature by identifying angiogenesis-related genes to better predict prognosis in STAD patients.

Methods: The expression profiles of angiogenesis-related mRNA and lncRNA genes were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Histologic changes in immune-tolerant patients with chronic hepatitis B: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The serological diagnostic criteria for the immune-tolerant (IT) phase have not been strictly defined and it is hard to determine an accurate rate for significant histologic changes among IT patients. The aim of this study was to establish a baseline rate of significant histologic changes and to determine the main characteristics of IT patients. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science.

Preparation of VOC low-temperature oxidation catalysts with copper and iron binary metal oxides hydrotalcite-like precursors.

Catalysts are the key to catalytic combustion which is known as an effective method for VOC treatment of industrial waste gas. However, in a typical catalyst, the efficiency of non-noble catalysts, with well economic, is generally poor at catalytic oxidation of VOC from industrial waste gas. In this work, a non-noble catalyst CuFe-4.

Transcriptome analysis reveals genes potentially related to maize resistance to Rhizoctonia solani.

Banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) is a devasting disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani that affects maize (Zea mays L.) fields worldwide, especially in China and Southeast Asia. Understanding how maize plants respond to R.

Screening of protonstatin-1 (PS-1) analogs for improved inhibitors of plant plasma membrane H-ATPase activity.

We previously identified protonstatin-1 (PS-1) as a selective inhibitor of plasma membrane H-ATPase (PM H-ATPase) activity and used it as a tool to validate the chemiosmotic model for polar auxin transport. Here, to obtain compounds with higher affinity than PS-1 for PM H-ATPase, we synthesized 34 PS-1 analogs and examined their ability to inhibit PM H-ATPase activity. The 34 analogs showed varying inhibitory effects on the activity of this enzyme.