A dual specificity phosphatase CfMsg5 is regulated by the CfAp1 transcription factor during oxidative stress and promotes virulence on .

Anthracnose, caused by species, induces significant economic damages to crop plants annually, especially for . During infection, the counter-defence mechanisms of plant pathogens against ROS-mediated resistance, however, remain poorly understood. By employing Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), we identified ACTIVATOR PROTEIN-1 (AP-1), a bZIP transcription factor, as significant to infection.

Neural implicit surface reconstruction of freehand 3D ultrasound volume with geometric constraints.

Three-dimensional (3D) freehand ultrasound (US) is a widely used imaging modality that allows non-invasive imaging of medical anatomy without radiation exposure. Surface reconstruction of US volume is vital to acquire the accurate anatomical structures needed for modeling, registration, and visualization. However, traditional methods cannot produce a high-quality surface due to image noise.

Comprehensive Classification of the Capitellar Injury Concurrent with Radial Head Fracture.

Background: Capitellar injury (CI) includes capitellar cartilage injury (CCI) and capitellar fracture (CF). A comprehensive classification of CI concurrent with radial head fracture (RHF) that can guide surgical strategy is lacking in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce a comprehensive classification of CI concurrent with RHF and investigate its value.

Transcriptomic Insights and Cytochrome P450 Gene Analysis in for Lignan Biosynthesis.

is a medicinal plant from the Schisandraceae family that is native to China and has great pharmacological potential due to its lignans. However, there are significant knowledge gaps regarding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of lignans. We used transcriptome sequencing technology to analyze root, stem, and leaf samples, focusing on the identification and phylogenetic analysis of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes.

Hormonal Regulation and Transcriptomic Insights into Flower Development in 'Vanilla Strawberry'.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate flower growth, development, and opening is of paramount importance, yet these processes remain less explored at the genetic level. Flower development in 'Vanilla Strawberry' is finely tuned through hormonal signals, yet the genetic underpinnings are not well defined. This study addresses the gap by examining the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ETH) on the flowering traits and underlying molecular responses.

Regulation of blue infertile flower pigmentation by WD40 transcription factor HmWDR68 in Hydrangea macrophylla 'forever summer'.

Background: WD40 transcription factors are crucial in plant growth and developmental, significantly impacting plant growth regulation. This study investigates the WD40 transcription factor HmWDR68's role in developing the distinctive blue infertile flower colors in Hydrangea macrophylla 'Forever Summer'.

Methods And Results: The HmWDR68 gene was isolated by PCR, revealing an open reading frame of 1026 base pairs, which encodes 341 amino acids.

Differential absorption of cadmium and zinc by tobacco plants: Role of apoplastic pathway.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination presents a significant challenge in global agriculture. This study explores the efficacy of chemical induction, specifically using sodium chloride (NaCl), to limit Cd uptake in tobacco () and assesses its impact on essential divalent metal ions (DMIs). We conducted a comprehensive analysis encompassing ion absorption, root histology, and biochemistry to understand the influence of this method.

Automatic Diagnosis of Carotid Atherosclerosis Using a Portable Freehand 3-D Ultrasound Imaging System.

The objective of this study is to develop a deep-learning-based detection and diagnosis technique for carotid atherosclerosis (CA) using a portable freehand 3-D ultrasound (US) imaging system. A total of 127 3-D carotid artery scans were acquired using a portable 3-D US system, which consisted of a handheld US scanner and an electromagnetic (EM) tracking system. A U-Net segmentation network was first applied to extract the carotid artery on 2-D transverse frame, and then, a novel 3-D reconstruction algorithm using fast dot projection (FDP) method with position regularization was proposed to reconstruct the carotid artery volume.

Investigation of 3D Reconstruction Algorithms For Wireless Freehand Ultrasound Imaging System.

The handheld 3D ultrasound imaging technique based on position tracking systems has been rapidly developed and widely applied in recent decades. The objectives of this study are to investigate the performance and accuracy of different 3D reconstruction algorithms including Voxel Nearest Neighbor (VNN), Pose Optimization Based (POB), and Implicit Representation (IR) methods. The high-precision phantom was used as the validation model to measure 2D/3D distance on the reconstructed image volume, and the measurements were evaluated with the true values obtained by caliber.

Nano-Silicon Triggers Rapid Transcriptomic Reprogramming and Biochemical Defenses in Challenged with .

Stem rot caused by poses a significant threat to global agriculture, leading to substantial economic losses. To explore innovative integrated pest management strategies and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, this study examined the impact of nano-silicon on enhancing resistance to in . Bacteriostatic assays revealed that nano-silicon effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of in a dose-dependent manner.

Complement receptor 3-mediated neurotoxic glial activation contributes to rotenone-induced cognitive decline in mice.

Microglia-mediated chronic neuroinflammation has been associated with cognitive decline induced by rotenone, a well-known neurotoxic pesticide used in agriculture. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. This work aimed to elucidate the role of complement receptor 3 (CR3), a highly expressed receptor in microglia, in cognitive deficits induced by rotenone.

Integrative transcriptomic analysis deciphering the role of rice bHLH transcription factor Os04g0301500 in mediating responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Understanding the signaling pathways activated in response to these combined stresses and their crosstalk is crucial to breeding crop varieties with dual or multiple tolerances. However, most studies to date have predominantly focused on individual stress factors, leaving a significant gap in understanding plant responses to combined biotic and abiotic stresses. The bHLH family plays a multifaceted regulatory role in plant response to both abiotic and biotic stresses.

Normal Workflow and Key Strategies for Data Cleaning Toward Real-World Data: Viewpoint.

With the rapid development of science, technology, and engineering, large amounts of data have been generated in many fields in the past 20 years. In the process of medical research, data are constantly generated, and large amounts of real-world data form a "data disaster." Effective data analysis and mining are based on data availability and high data quality.

Mean arterial pressure and mortality in patients with heart failure: a retrospective analysis of Zigong heart failure database.

Background: It is commonly observed that a higher target of mean arterial pressure (MAP) is in previous studies. This study assessed the association of MAP with short-term mortality in heart failure (HF) patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using data from Hospitalized patients with heart failure: integrating electronic healthcare records and external outcome database (v1.

Effectiveness of acupoint application of Xiaozhong Zhitong Tie on diarrhea in patients: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Objective: To provide the evidence for the efficacy of acupoint application (AA) for patients with diarrhea in a real-world setting.

Methods: This study is a national multicenter retrospective cohort study. Our study consecutively collected outpatient medical records of patients with diarrhea from hundreds of primary hospitals nationwide registered in Chun Bo Wan Xiang cloud platform from 22nd August, 2020 to 5th November, 2020.

Complement C3 Enhances LPS-Elicited Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Via the Mac1/NOX2 Pathway.

Recent studies showed increased expression of complements in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, the mechanism regulating the expression of complements and their roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration are unclear. We hypothesized that acute neuroinflammation increases the expression and activation of brain complements, which, in turn, participate in chronic neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration.

Mitophagy in atherosclerosis: from mechanism to therapy.

Mitophagy is a type of autophagy that can selectively eliminate damaged and depolarized mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial activity and cellular homeostasis. Several pathways have been found to participate in different steps of mitophagy. Mitophagy plays a significant role in the homeostasis and physiological function of vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and macrophages, and is involved in the development of atherosclerosis (AS).

Varying degrees of spontaneous osteogenesis of Masquelet's induced membrane: experimental and clinical observations.

Background: Masquelet's induced membrane (IM) has osteogenesis activity, but IM spontaneous osteogenesis (SO) has not been described previously.

Objectives: To report on varying degrees of IMSO and analyze its possible causes.

Methods: Twelve eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with 10 mm right femoral bone defects who received the first stage of IM technique (IMT) were used to observe the SO.

Charlson Comorbidity Index is correlated with all-cause readmission within six months in patients with heart failure: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Background: Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is positively associated with all-cause readmission in patients with heart failure (HF) in western countries. However, there is a scarcity of strong scientific evidence supporting the correlation in China. This study aimed at testing this hypothesis in Chinese.

Dysfunction of the noradrenergic system drives inflammation, α-synucleinopathy, and neuronal loss in mouse colon.

Clinical and pathological evidence revealed that α-synuclein (α-syn) pathology seen in PD patients starts in the gut and spreads anatomically connected structures from the gut to the brain. Our previous study demonstrated that depletion of central norepinephrine (NE) disrupted brain immune homeostasis, producing a spatiotemporal order of neurodegeneration in the mouse brain. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the role of peripheral noradrenergic system in the maintenance of gut immune homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of PD and 2) to investigate whether NE-depletion induced PD-like α-syn pathological changes starts from the gut.

Genome-Wide Identification of Transcription Factor in in Response to Cold Stress.

Alfalfa represents one of the most important legume forages, and it is also applied as an organic fertilizer to improve soil quality. However, this perennial plant is native to warmer temperate regions, and its valuable cold-acclimation-related regulatory mechanisms are still less known. In higher plants, the transcription factors play pleiotropic regulatory roles in response to abiotic stresses.