Publications by authors named "Song Hua"
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease, can cause psychiatric disorders, particularly depression, via immune activation. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell (hUCMSC) transplantation (MSCT) has been shown to ameliorate immune dysfunction in SLE by inducing immune tolerance. However, whether MSCT can relieve the depressive symptoms in SLE remains incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae not only develop respiratory diseases, but also cause digestive diseases through the lung-gut axis mediated by the intestinal flora, and vice versa. Antimicrobial peptides are characterized by their bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, and intestinal flora-regulating properties. However, the effect of cecropin AD (CAD) against mycoplasma pneumonia remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell division cycle 6 (CDC6) is essential for the initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells and contributes to the development of various human tumors. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disease in women of childbearing age, with a significant risk of endometrial cancer (EC). However, the role of CDC6 in the progression of PCOS to EC is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to investigate whether and how lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) regulate macrophage activity and to explore the impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) in exosomes from HSCs on this process. Mice subjected to LPS or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were used to explore sepsis-induced liver injury. Liver injury was evaluated using HE staining, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, a MoO@TiO composite core-shell material was developed to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) dye through synergistic adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. n-n heterostructures were formed by coupling n-type semiconductors to enhance the efficiency of photocarrier separation and photocatalytic performance. MoO, which possesses strong adsorption capacity, was primarily used as a dye adsorbent.
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- Efficient and low-cost hydrogen evolution catalysts are vital for water electrolysis, and this study presents a method for creating MoN catalysts on nickel foam to improve performance.
- The catalyst's effectiveness is influenced by nitrogen sources and nitridation temperatures, with a specific configuration showing high activity due to its unique spindle-like nanosheet structure.
- The adjusted chemical environment from N doping enhances the catalyst's properties, demonstrating superior hydrogen evolution performance with promising metrics like low overpotential and fast reaction kinetics, positioning MoN as a strong alternative to expensive catalysts like platinum.
A patient-derived cell model for malignant transformation in IDH-mutant glioma.
Acta Neuropathol Commun
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on malignant transformation (MT) in IDH-mutant gliomas, emphasizing the need to understand the mechanisms behind MT and intervene at early stages.
- Researchers created two 3D cell models (403L and 403H) from the same patient's IDH-mutant glioma, representing low-grade (LGG) and high-grade (HGG) tumors, allowing for comparison of genetic and metabolic changes.
- The findings indicate that the high-grade model (403H) is more aggressive, showing increased cell invasion and distinct metabolic alterations, providing a new framework for investigating MT in gliomas.
Article Synopsis
- * A study of 142 pediatric AML patients found nine with NUP98-r mutations, which were associated with distinct genomic features and a higher frequency of FLT3-ITD mutations compared to patients without these rearrangements.
- * Results showed that NUP98-r mutations led to worse relapse-free and overall survival rates, highlighting the need for targeted risk assessment and treatment strategies in pediatric AML cases with these mutations.
Infection by bacteria leads to tissue damage and inflammation, which need to be tightly controlled by host mechanisms to avoid deleterious consequences. It is previously reported that TMEM16F, a calcium-activated lipid scramblase expressed in various immune cell types including T cells and neutrophils, is critical for the control of infection by bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in vivo. This function correlated with the capacity of TMEM16F to repair the plasma membrane (PM) damage induced in T cells in vitro, by the Lm toxin listeriolysin O (LLO).
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- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) significantly improves pathogen detection in pediatric patients, especially those with compromised immune systems due to intensive chemotherapy.
- A study of 387 pediatric patients with febrile diseases revealed that 70.7% experienced febrile neutropenia, with mNGS showing an 84.9% positive detection rate, compared to only 29.7% for conventional tests.
- Neutrophil counts influenced the diagnostic results, as bacterial pathogens were more detected in neutropenic patients, but fewer "probable" infections were identified in this group for viral and fungal organisms.
Article Synopsis
- - Oligodendroglioma tumors are defined by specific mutations (IDH1/IDH2) and genetic deletions (1p/19q), with altered metabolism leading to increased levels of monounsaturated fatty acids and ceramides, promoting cell death.
- - The study reveals that inhibiting an enzyme called acid ceramidase (AC) can trigger apoptosis in IDH1 oligodendroglioma cells, enhancing survival rates in mice models.
- - The treatment with a drug named SABRAC showed significant effectiveness in causing cancer cell death by increasing ceramide levels, indicating a strong potential for AC as a target for future oligodendroglioma therapies.
The cross-regulation of metabolism and trafficking is not well understood for the vital sphingolipids and cholesterol constituents of cellular compartments. While reports are starting to surface on how sphingolipids like sphingomyelin (SM) dysregulate cholesterol levels in different cellular compartments (Jiang et al., 2022), limited research is available on the mechanisms driving the relationship between sphingolipids and cholesterol homeostasis, or its biological implications.
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- Central nervous system tumors are hard to treat with traditional chemotherapy due to the blood-tumor-brain-barrier, but nanomedicines, particularly those sized between 10 and 100 nm, might offer a solution by accumulating in tumors.
- The study focuses on PLX038A, a prodrug of the anti-cancer drug SN-38, which effectively inhibited the growth of breast cancer and glioblastoma in mice, leading to increased lifespan.
- Researchers found that PLX038A penetrates the blood-tumor-brain-barrier, accumulates in tumors, and releases SN-38 from within, suggesting that the PEG carrier used could potentially deliver other treatments into brain tumors as well.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the diagnostic accuracy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in plasma versus blood cell samples for diagnosing febrile diseases in immunocompromised children.
- Results showed that mNGS using plasma had a significantly higher positivity rate (84.4%) compared to blood cells (46.9%), but also a higher false-positive rate.
- Combining both sample types increased the detection rate of causative pathogens to 60.2%, but this enhanced sensitivity came at the cost of decreased specificity.
Article Synopsis
- Human activities are altering the Earth's climate by changing atmospheric compositions and creating radiative forcing, which drives climate change.
- The reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions from shipping in 2020 resulted in significant radiative forcing, potentially doubling the warming rate in the 2020s compared to previous decades.
- This increased forcing not only correlates with the observed warming in 2023 but also impacts precipitation patterns, suggesting that marine cloud brightening could be a method for geoengineering to cool the climate, despite its challenges.
Background: The surge in omicron variants has caused nationwide breakthrough infections in mainland China since the December 2022. In this study, we report the neutralization profiles of serum samples from the patients with breast cancer and the patients with liver cancer who had contracted subvariant breakthrough infections.
Methods: In this real-world study, we enrolled 143 COVID-19-vaccinated (81 and 62 patients with breast and liver cancers) and 105 unvaccinated patients with cancer (58 and 47 patients with breast and liver cancers) after omicron infection.
This study investigated the bactericidal effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a high-voltage electric field (HVEF), and their combination on . The results indicated that UV and combined disinfection were more effective with longer exposure, leading to significant reductions in microbial activity. Specifically, the single UV disinfection alone reduced activity by 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe corrosion resistance properties of a new type of environmentally-friendly organic inhibitor containing amino ketone molecules are presented in this paper. To evaluate the prevention effect of the inhibitor on corrosion of reinforcement, the electrochemical characteristics of steels in the simulated concrete pore solution (SPS) were investigated under varied conditions of the relevant parameters, including concentrations of the inhibitor and NaCl, pH value, and temperature. The inhibition efficiency of the material was characterized through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, and the weight loss of steels.
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- The study explores the early sleep-wake dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by examining the loss patterns of two types of neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area: orexinergic neurons (OrxN) and melanin-concentrating hormone neurons (MCHN).
- A significant decline in OrxN was observed (58% decrease at Braak stage 1-2 and 81% by stage 5-6), while MCHN showed a less pronounced, non-significant decline (27% by stage 6).
- The research highlights changes in gene expression linked to neuroinflammation, suggesting that understanding these neuronal changes could aid in developing therapies to slow AD progression and improve sleep-related issues.
Article Synopsis
- The study compared primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients with severe pneumonia (SP) to those without (NSP), focusing on clinical features and risk factors.
- Significant differences were found in various lab results and disease activities, with lymphocyte count and SS activity showing strong potential to differentiate between the two groups.
- Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were linked to a greater risk of severe pneumonia, whereas lower levels of CD4 T cells and IgA also indicated increased risk in pSS patients.
Dairy cows receiving a prolonged high-concentrate diet express an elevated concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in the peripheral blood circulation, accompanied by a series of systemic inflammatory responses; however, the specific impacts of inflammation are yet to be determined. Cecropin-like antimicrobial peptides have become a research hotspot regarding antimicrobial peptides because of their excellent anti-inflammatory activities, and cecropin A is a major member of the cecropin family. To elucidate the mechanism of cecropin A as anti-inflammatory under the condition of sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in dairy cows, we induced inflammation in bEECs with LPS (10 µg/mL) and then added cecropin A (25 µM).
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- Ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) are gaining attention for their use in water disinfection and food sterilization, particularly due to their ability to operate in flexible pulse modes.
- This study found that pulsed UV-LED irradiation significantly improves the inactivation efficiency of Tetraselmis sp. compared to continuous irradiation, with optimal conditions identified at a 50% duty rate and 5 Hz pulse frequency.
- The results indicate a 1.7-fold increase in efficiency at UV and a 1.5-fold increase at UV under pulsed conditions, making pulsed UV-LEDs a promising alternative to traditional continuous UV disinfection methods.
High-concentrate diets cause subacute ruminal acidosis, resulting in increased blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in cows. We found that the peak LPS in cows fed with high-concentrate diets coincides the period of embryo implantation in a large-scale dairy farm. As epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) should be tightly regulated during normal embryo implantation in cows, we speculated that increased LPS may cause abnormal EMT, thereby inhibiting embryo implantation in cows.
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- The study explores how cancer cells use the G2/M checkpoint to survive DNA damage from treatments like temozolomide (TMZ), and how manipulating this timing can boost therapy effectiveness.
- Researchers conducted a CRISPR/Cas9 screening to identify mechanisms of tumor cell survival under stress, finding the importance of DNA repair pathways and a specific protein called PKMYT1 in cell resilience.
- The results suggest that inhibiting PKMYT1 could force cancer cells into mitosis with unresolved damage, causing cell death, and that combining TMZ with a Myt1 inhibitor improves survival in glioma mouse models.