Design and mechanical properties analysis of drill pipe's joint thread with unequal taper under complex loads.

The design of drill pipe joint thread with unequal taper is proposed to investigate the fracture failure of the API NC38 used in the drill pipe joint of the SU36-8-4H2 well. The effect of changes in thread taper on the stress distribution and mechanical properties of drill pipe joints is analyzed and compared with the API standard thread to determine the optimal thread structure with unequal taper. The results reveal highly concentrated stress at the last engaged thread root of API NC38 single-shoulder thread (SUT) may cause early yield failure of the joint threads.

Spatiotemporal variations and priority ranking of emerging contaminants in nanwan reservoir: A case study from the agricultural region in huaihe river basin in China.

The presence of emerging contaminants (ECs) in drinking water sources is an increasing concern, yet limited data exists on their occurrence and risk in the upper Huaihe River Basin, an important agricultural region in Central China. This study investigated 70 ECs, including pesticide and antibiotics in surface water from drinking water source areas in Nanwan Reservoir along the upper reaches of the Huaihe River Basin to prioritize the ECs based on ecological risk and health risk assessment. A total of 66 ECs were detected in the surface water at least once at the selected 38 sampling sites, with concentrations ranging from 0.

Ribosomal modification protein rimK-like family member A activates betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 to ameliorate hepatic steatosis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious threat to public health, but its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. In screening important genes using Gene Importance Calculator (GIC) we developed previously, ribosomal modification protein rimK-like family member A (RIMKLA) was predicted as one essential gene but its functions remained largely unknown. The current study determined the roles of RIMKLA in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism.

Global occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk assessment of psychopharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in surface water environment: A meta-analysis.

Psychopharmaceuticals and illicit drugs (PIDs) in aquatic environments can negatively impact ecosystem and human health. However, data on the sources, distribution, drivers, and risks of PIDs in global surface waters are limited. We compiled a dataset of 331 records spanning 23 PIDs in surface waters and sediments across 100 countries by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of 108 studies published between 2005 and 2022.

PANX1-mediated ATP release confers FAM3A's suppression effects on hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis.

Background: Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important signal molecule. In previous studies, intensive research had revealed the crucial roles of family with sequence similarity 3 member A (FAM3A) in controlling hepatic glucolipid metabolism, islet β cell function, adipocyte differentiation, blood pressure, and other biological and pathophysiological processes. Although mitochondrial protein FAM3A plays crucial roles in the regulation of glucolipid metabolism via stimulating ATP release to activate P2 receptor pathways, its mechanism in promoting ATP release in hepatocytes remains unrevealed.

Hepatocyte-secreted FAM3D ameliorates hepatic steatosis by activating FPR1-hnRNP U-GR-SCAD pathway to enhance lipid oxidation.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. FAM3D is a member of the FAM3 family; however, its role in hepatic glycolipid metabolism remains unknown. Serum FAM3D levels are positively correlated with fasting blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

[Occurrence Distribution and Risk Assessment of Organophosphate Esters in A Typical Area of the Estuary in the Yellow River Basin].

As a type of emerging pollutant, organophosphate esters (OPEs) have the characteristics of toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation. Due to their wide use in production and life, OPEs pose potential risks to ecosystems when they enter the environment. In this study, the concentrations of 14 species of OPEs in surface water were determined using UPLC-MS/MS, and the spatial distribution of the OPEs in the surface water of the estuary of the Yellow River basin was further analyzed.

FAM3A maintains metabolic homeostasis by interacting with F1-ATP synthase to regulate the activity and assembly of ATP synthase.

Reduced mitochondrial ATP synthase (ATPS) capacity plays crucial roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. However, there is currently no effective strategy for synchronously stimulating the expressions of ATPS key subunits to restore its assembly. This study determined the roles of mitochondrial protein FAM3A in regulating the activity and assembly of ATPS in hepatocytes.

Imipramine activates FAM3A-FOXA2-CPT2 pathway to ameliorate hepatic steatosis.

Mitochondrial FAM3A has been revealed to be a viable target for treating diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, its distinct mechanism in ameliorating hepatic steatosis remained unrevealed. High-throughput RNA sequencing revealed that carnitine palmityl transferase 2 (CPT2), one of the key enzymes for lipid oxidation, is the downstream molecule of FAM3A signaling pathway in hepatocytes.

Factors determining household-level food insecurity during COVID-19 epidemic: a case of Wuhan, China.

Background: In coping with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, cities adopted social isolation and lockdown measures; however, little is known about the impacts of these restrictions on household food security.

Objective: This study provides a timely assessment of household food insecurity (HFI) in the Chinese city of Wuhan during the COVID-19 epidemic period and also investigates its determinant factors.

Design: We collected valid data on food insecurity from 653 households in Wuhan via an online questionnaire in March 2020.

Aqueous chlorination of ephedrine: Kinetic, reaction mechanism and toxicity assessment.

Ephedrine (EPH) is widely detected in the water environment, because it is the major ingredient in drugs treating influenza, asthma or hypotension, and is also a highly sought-after chemical precursor in the illicit manufacture of methamphetamine. In this study, transformation of EPH during the chlorination process was investigated for the first time, and the impact of water parameters including pH, different cations and anions on EPH transformation was evaluated as well. The degradation of EPH in the presence of NaClO fit the second order reaction kinetics, with a rate constant of 7.

Health Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment for Heavy Metals in a Southern Chinese Reservoir Impacted by Stone Mining Activities.

Metal contaminants in drinking water pose a potential threat to human health. Metal elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Cd, As, and Pb) in Shanzi Reservoir, China, a drinking water source for nearby cities, were measured in 2013 and 2014. The distribution characteristics of metal elements in water were identified and a health risk assessment model was used to evaluate potential harm.

Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in Manure, Soil, Wastewater, Groundwater from Livestock and Poultry Farms in Xuzhou, China.

Antibiotics in manure, soil, wastewater, and groundwater samples from the livestock and poultry farms in Xuzhou City were investigated in the present study. The concentrations of antibiotics in all matrices varied greatly among farms. Total concentrations of fluoroquinolones and macrolides were much higher than those of sulfonamides in manures and soil samples.

In-situ fabrication of Ag/P-g-CN composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity for sulfamethoxazole degradation.

A series of Ag/P-g-CN composites with different Ag content were synthesized for the first time by thermal polymerization combined with photo-deposition method. The composites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra, N absorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Ag was successfully dispersed on the surface of P-g-CN.

Spatiotemporal profile of tetracycline and sulfonamide and their resistance on a catchment scale.

Tetracyclines and sulfonamides are the two classes of antibiotics commonly used in the medical, industrial and agricultural activities. Their extensive usage has caused the proliferation and propagation of resistant bacteria (ARB) and resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of tetracyclines (TC, OTC and CTC) and sulfonamides (SMX, SCX and TMP), their associated ARB and ARGs were quantified in water and sediments collected from the mainstream of Liaohe River, northeast China.

Predicting trace metal bioavailability to chironomids in sediments by diffusive gradients in thin films.

The technique of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) has been developed as a promising tool to assess metal bioavailability in sediment. However, it has yet to be determined whether the DGT-labile metal in sediment is representative of bioavailable fraction for benthic organisms. In this study, the performance of DGT for predicting metal bioavailability was evaluated by exposing DGT and chironomids Chironomus tentans to a series of metal-contaminated natural sediments in the laboratory.

Development and application of the diffusive gradients in thin films technique for simultaneous measurement of methcathinone and ephedrine in surface river water.

In this study, a passive sampling technique, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) was developed to simultaneously measure two drugs, methcathinone (MC) and ephedrine (EPH) in surface water. Four types of binding gels and four types of filter membranes were tested for the optimal configuration. XAD18 agarose binding gel and agarose diffusive gel, together with polyethersulfone filter membrane were used for measuring MC and EPH in the DGT device.

Investigation and Application of a New Passive Sampling Technique for in Situ Monitoring of Illicit Drugs in Waste Waters and Rivers.

Illicit drugs constitute a class of emerging contaminants that has been drawing significant concern due to its potent pharmacological and biological activities. In this study, an in situ passive sampling approach that uses diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) was successfully tested for measuring ketamine (KET), methamphetamine (METH), and amphetamine (AMP) in water. The diffusion coefficients of KET, METH, and AMP in diffusive gel were (8.

Photocatalytic removal of tetrabromobisphenol A by magnetically separable flower-like BiOBr/BiOI/FeO hybrid nanocomposites under visible-light irradiation.

A novel flower-like three-dimensional BiOBr/BiOI/FeO heterojunction photocatalyst was synthesized using a simple in situ co-precipitation method at room temperature. The hybrid composites were characterized by a couple of techniques including X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, photoluminescence technique, and vibrating sample magnetometer. FeO nanoparticles were perfectly loaded on the surface of BiOBr/BiOI microspheres.

Drugs of abuse and their metabolites in the urban rivers of Beijing, China: Occurrence, distribution, and potential environmental risk.

The occurrence and distribution of five drugs of abuse and their metabolites, namely, methamphetamine (METH), amphetamine (AMP), ketamine (KET), ephedrine (EPH), and hydroxylimine (HY), were investigated in the surface water in urban rivers in Beijing, China. A total of 117 surface water samples were collected from the seven rivers in the Beijing urban areas during four different seasons. Laboratory analyses revealed that EPH and METH were the most predominant drugs, with detection frequency ranging from 94% to 100% and from 65% to 100%, respectively.

HO and/or TiO photocatalysis under UV irradiation for the removal of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their antibiotic resistance genes.

Inactivating antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and removing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are very important to prevent their spread into the environment. Previous efforts have been taken to eliminate ARB and ARGs from aqueous solution and sludges, however, few satisfying results have been obtained. This study investigated whether photocatalysis by TiO was able to reduce the two ARGs, mecA and ampC, within the host ARB, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively.

The antithrombotic effect of a novel hirudin derivative after reconstruction of carotid artery in rabbits.

Introduction: Hirudin is a direct thrombin inhibitor that has potential mechanistic advantages over indirect inhibitors. Peptides containing the RGD motif competitively inhibit binding of fibrinogen to glycoprotein IIb/IIIa on platelets, thus inhibiting platelet aggregation. A novel hirudin derivative, recombinant RGD-hirudin (r-RGD-hirudin), was engineered by fusing the tripeptide RGD sequence to the native hirudin.