Injection Site Pain, Onset and Duration of Action of Botulinum Toxin Reconstituted in Normal Saline With and Without Sodium Bicarbonate: A Prospective, Single Center, Randomized, Double-Blind Interventional Study.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of botulinum toxin type A injections diluted with the mixture of sodium bicarbonate and normal saline on pain reduction, onset of action, and duration of action. This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study, which included 30 female patients (age >25). The patients were randomized to receive botulinum toxin injections diluted with normal saline and sodium bicarbonate on one side of the face and saline control injections on the other side.

The Impact of Acute Care Surgery Model on the Management of Acute Appendicitis and Cholecystitis: A Single-Center Study.

Background Acute care surgery (ACS) is a novel model for the provision of emergency general surgery (GS) care. Investigating the impact of the ACS team on the management of acute emergencies can help in establishing proper management measures and improving patient care in an emergency setting. The study aims to compare the performance indicators and patient outcomes such as hospital length of stay (LOS), time to diagnosis, and operation before and after the implementation of the acute care system.