Affordable ultra-widefield smartphone PedCam for comprehensive pediatric retinal examination.

Widefield fundus photography is critical for the detection, documentation, and management of pediatric eye diseases. Existing clinical pediatric fundus cameras offer a limited field of view (FOV) and suboptimal image contrast, hindering comprehensive peripheral retina examination. Additionally, the high cost and lack of portability of commercial devices restrict their use in resource-limited settings.

The Biphasic Activity of Auricularia Auricula-Judae Extract on Bone Homeostasis through Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis and Modulation of Osteogenic Activity.

Osteoporosis arises from the disturbance of bone homeostasis, a process regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The treatment and prevention of bone metabolic disorders resulting from an imbalance in bone homeostasis require the use of agents that effectively promote both bone formation and anti-resorptive effects. Therefore, an investigation was carried out to determine the potential of the edible mushroom in modulating bone remodeling by inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and enhancing BMP-2-stimulated osteoblast differentiation.

Acorn Seed Coat Extract Promotes Wound Re-Epithelialization by Facilitating Fibroblast Migration and Inhibiting Dermal Inflammation.

The skin, recognized as the largest organ in the human body, serves a vital function in safeguarding against external threats. Severe damage to the skin can pose significant risks to human health. There is an urgent requirement for safe and effective therapies for wound healing.

Efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid for bile reflux after distal gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer: a secondary analysis of the PEGASUS-D randomized clinical trial.

Background: Few studies have been conducted on the prevention of bile reflux in gastric cancer patients who have undergone gastrectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in preventing bile reflux after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of the PEGASUS-D trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

OCTA-ReVA: an open-source toolbox for comprehensive retinal vessel feature analysis in optical coherence tomography angiography.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has significantly advanced the study and diagnosis of eye diseases. However, current clinical OCTA systems and software tools lack comprehensive quantitative analysis capabilities, limiting their full clinical utility. This paper introduces the OCTA Retinal Vessel Analyzer (OCTA-ReVA), a versatile open-source platform featuring a user-friendly graphical interface designed for the automated extraction and quantitative analysis of OCTA features.

A dental intraoral image dataset of gingivitis for image captioning.

One of the most striking topics in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is Image captioning that aims to integrate computer vision and natural language processing to create descriptions for each image. In this paper, we propose a new dataset designed specifically for image captioning in gingivitis diagnosis using deep learning. It includes 1,096 high-resolution intraoral images of 12 anterior teeth and surrounding gingival tissue that were collected under controlled conditions with professional-grade photography equipment.

Facial reconstruction with thinned anterolateral thigh free flap.

Facial reconstruction is challenging for plastic surgeons, as it can be difficult to decide the best approach. One technique that has been widely used is the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap due to its numerous benefits. However, its thickness can be a drawback, especially regarding facial reconstruction.

Polarization-resolved analysis of outer retinal bands: investigating ballistic and multiply scattered photons using full-field swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Precise interpretation of the anatomical origins of outer retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) presents technical challenges owing to the delicate nature of the retina. To address this challenge, our study introduces a novel polarization-sensitive full-field swept-source OCT (FF-SS-OCT) that provides parallel-polarization and cross-polarization OCT measurements, predominantly capturing ballistically reflected photons and multiply scattered photons, respectively. Notably, parallel-polarization OCT unveils layer-like structures more effectively, including the inner plexiform layer (IPL) sub-layers, outer plexiform layer (OPL) sub-layers (in rod-dominant regions), and rod/cone outer segment (OS) tips, compared to cross-polarization OCT, where such sub-layers are not visible.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of CFAP43 and TEX14 associated with idiopathic male infertility in a Vietnamese population.

Male infertility is a multifactorial disease due to spermatogenesis impairment, with etiology remaining unknown for roughly one-third of infertile cases. Several studies have demonstrated that genetic variants are male infertility risk factors. CFAP43 and TEX14 are involved in the spermatogenesis process.

Novel genotyping assay for a 212-kb deletion from the gene, and frequency of the allele in pig populations in Vietnam.

Piglet lethality is one of the major concerns in pig breeding programs. Deletion of a 212-kb region within the Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9 () gene has been linked to a reduction in the number of piglets born alive per litter. The mutant gene carrier-by-carrier mating scheme could result in mummification of piglets carrying 2 copies of the mutant allele, which ultimately affects the reproductive performance of the sow.

The Effect of Complexity of a Matrix on Variation of Platinum Group Metal Determination Using ICP OES and Correction Method: A Spent Catalyst as a Case Study.

Recycling of platinum group metals (PGMs) from spent catalysts is a promising alternative to the sustainable metallurgy of critical metals, which requires an accurate and reliable analytical approach for their determination. A potential microwave-assisted digestion and multivariate calibration procedure was investigated to determine the PGM contents in various spent catalyst samples. The effect of several interelements (Al, Mg, Ce, and Na) was evaluated by the single factor at once and multilinear regression models, which demonstrated a significant variation in PGM determination using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.

Comparison of the Marginal and Internal Fit of Ceramic Laminate Veneers Fabricated with Four Different Computer-Aided Manufacturing Techniques.

Purpose: The improvement of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has changed the methods of fabricating laminate veneers. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of ceramic veneers manufactured with different CAD/CAM techniques. Materials and methods: A metal die was made by copying a prepared plastic maxillary central right incisor and scanned for designing a laminate veneer.

Reconstructive management of a patient with Tessier number 10 cleft.

Tessier number 10 cleft is one of the rarest facial clefts. Surgical treatment of this type of cleft is challenging due to the complexity of periorbital and temporal soft tissue deformities. A 23-year-old male patient presented with typical facial deformities of Tessier number 10 cleft.

Blood pressure screening results from May Measurement Month 2021 in Vietnam.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative to raise awareness of high BP and acts as a temporary solution to the worldwide shortage of screening programmes. We aimed to screen for hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors in people aged ≥18 years in the community, thereby defining the proportion of participants with elevated BP and assessing the awareness and the effectiveness of its treatment.

Modifications of surgical techniques in laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure of inguinal ring for childhood inguinal hernia to achieve zero recurrence and zero subcutaneous stitch granuloma.

Purpose: To present our technical modifications of single incision laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (SILPEC) of the internal inguinal ring (IIR) for pediatric inguinal hernia (PIH).

Methods: The prospectively collected data of all children diagnosed with PIH undergoing SILPEC at our center from 2016 to 2023 were reviewed and divided into two groups for result comparison: Group A: before and Group B: after the implementation of full modifications. Our modifications included using a nonabsorbable monofilament suture, creating a peritoneal thermal injury at the internal inguinal ring (IIR), employing a cannula to ensure the suture at the IIR ligates only the peritoneum, and double ligation of the IIR in selected cases.

Development of a Novel Classification Approach for Cow Behavior Analysis Using Tracking Data and Unsupervised Machine Learning Techniques.

Global Positioning Systems (GPSs) can collect tracking data to remotely monitor livestock well-being and pasture use. Supervised machine learning requires behavioral observations of monitored animals to identify changes in behavior, which is labor-intensive. Our goal was to identify animal behaviors automatically without using human observations.

Assessing spectral effectiveness in color fundus photography for deep learning classification of retinopathy of prematurity.

Significance: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) poses a significant global threat to childhood vision, necessitating effective screening strategies. This study addresses the impact of color channels in fundus imaging on ROP diagnosis, emphasizing the efficacy and safety of utilizing longer wavelengths, such as red or green for enhanced depth information and improved diagnostic capabilities.

Aim: This study aims to assess the spectral effectiveness in color fundus photography for the deep learning classification of ROP.

Advancing fluorescence imaging: enhanced control of cyanine dye-doped silica nanoparticles.

Background: Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) have immense potential in biomedical research, particularly in drug delivery and imaging applications, owing to their stability and minimal interactions with biological entities such as tissues or cells.

Results: With synthesized and characterized cyanine-dye-doped fluorescent SNPs (CSNPs) using cyanine 3.5, 5.

Gastrointestinal Perforation After Solid Organ Transplantation: A Case Series.

Although organ transplantation is associated with significant survival rates and cost benefits, postoperative complications still occur. Gastrointestinal complications, including those involving the stomach and intestines, account for 1-6% of posttransplant complications, with intestinal perforation specifically accounting for approximately 9%, depending on the center. In Vietnam, there are no comprehensive reports on these complications.

3-Hydroxytanshinone Inhibits the Activity of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-α by Interfering with the Function of α-Enolase in the Glycolytic Pathway.

Tumor cells in hypoxic conditions control cancer metabolism and angiogenesis by expressing HIF-1α. Tanshinone is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been shown to possess antitumor properties and exerts a therapeutic impact on angiogenesis. However, the precise molecular mechanism responsible for the antitumor activity of 3-Hydroxytanshinone (3-HT), a type of tanshinone, has not been fully understood.

Colour fusion effect on deep learning classification of uveal melanoma.

Background: Reliable differentiation of uveal melanoma and choroidal nevi is crucial to guide appropriate treatment, preventing unnecessary procedures for benign lesions and ensuring timely treatment for potentially malignant cases. The purpose of this study is to validate deep learning classification of uveal melanoma and choroidal nevi, and to evaluate the effect of colour fusion options on the classification performance.

Methods: A total of 798 ultra-widefield retinal images of 438 patients were included in this retrospective study, comprising 157 patients diagnosed with UM and 281 patients diagnosed with choroidal naevus.

Functional OCT reveals anisotropic changes of retinal flicker-evoked vasodilation.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of anisotropic property of retinal biomechanics on vasodilation measurement. A custom-built optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used for time-lapse imaging of flicker stimulation-evoked vessel lumen changes in mouse retinas. A comparative analysis revealed significantly larger (18.

Characterization of 3D Organotypic Culture of Mouse Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Although stem cells are a promising avenue for harnessing the potential of adipose tissue, conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture methods have limitations. This study explored the use of three-dimensional (3D) cultures to preserve the regenerative potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and investigated their cellular properties. Flow cytometric analysis revealed significant variations in surface marker expressions between the two culture conditions.