Publications by authors named "Somwang Danchaivijitr"
HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS AT SELECTED HOSPITALS IN THAILAND.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
January 2017
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), all-cause mortality, document the bacterial pathogens isolated in HAIs, and determine the risk factors associated with HAIs and all-cause mortality at selected hospitals in Thailand. A survey with a total time frame of 10 days was conducted at selected 50 hospitals across Thailand during January 2014: 19 primary government hospitals, 15 secondary government hospitals, 13 tertiary government hospitals, 2 private hospitals and 1 government university hospital. Of 15,475 cases reviewed, 688 patients had 791 HAIs (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To study the recent trend of health-care associated infections (HAIs) across Thailand.
Material And Method: Using the modified international HAI definitions, the investigators conducted a prospective, nationwide, multi-centered survey to determine a 1-day point-prevalence of HAIs among hospitalized patients in the 47 acute care, primary to tertiary hospitals in January 2011.
Results: Of total 10,762 patients (female 50.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of examiner subjectivity and heterogeneity among the cases on scores from the Royal College of Physicians (RCPT) long case examination.
Material And Method: Data from internal medicine candidates who performed clinical part of RCPT board certifying examination in academic year 2008 were collected. For each candidate, scores from pair of examiners for each of the long case was stratified based on disease category according to the course syllabus into 3 groups; very common, common and uncommon diseases.
Background: We studied the efficacy of different time-interval applications of alcohol hand gel as a strategy for the prevention of influenza-like illness (ILI) in preschool-age children.
Methods: We performed a classroom-based cluster randomization at a kindergarten school in Bangkok, Thailand. A total of 1437 children were placed into 3 test groups, based on the frequency of alcohol hand gel use for hand hygiene: only before lunch (q lunch), every 120 minutes (q 120), and every 60 minutes (q 60).
Objective: To be certified for the Thai Board of Internal Medicine, each candidate must pass both written and clinical examinations performed in different academic years. The present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the long case and short case which contribute major fractions in the clinical part of board certifying examination.
Material And Method: Data from 585 internal medicine residents entering a first-attempt clinical part in board certifying examination during the academic year 2005-2007 were collected.
Objective: To assess factors associated with multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) nosocomial infection.
Material And Method: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted in patients admitted to Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2005. The study population consisted of 155 cases with MDR-AB nosocomial infection and 310 controls without nosocomial infection.
Objective: To study the prevalence of nosocomial infection (NI).
Material And Method: A point prevalence study was done in 20 hospitals across the country in August 2006.
Results: The present study was done in 20 hospitals: three university, five regional, five provincial, and seven other hospitals.
Discriminatory powers of molecular typing techniques for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
March 2006
Discriminatory powers of various molecular techniques were evaluated for typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Thirty MRSA isolates were randomly selected in this study. They were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Clal-mecA and Clal-Tn554 polymorphisms, ribotyping, and PCR-based methods including SCCmec typing, spa and coa gene polymorphism, and repeat units in hypervariable region downstream of mecA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To study the need of pasteurization of medical equipment and the possibility of production of pasteurizer in Thailand.
Material And Method: The need of pasteurization of medical equipment was studied by a set of questionnaires to heads of the central sterile supply department (CSSD) and head ward nurses in 29 hospitals across Thailand. Efficacy of pasteurization was demonstrated by disinfection with an imported pasteurizer.
Objectives: To determine the persistence of antimicrobial effect of antiseptic solutions used in surgical hand hygiene procedure, and the in-house preparation was compared to the commercial solution for its efficacy.
Material And Method: The present study was performed in a 150-bed hospital involving 19 staff from general, orthopedics, KUB, and OB-GYN surgical teams in 48 operations. The antimicrobial effects from 4 different solutions were determined and compared.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a training course in infection control for nurses.
Material And Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed from November 1, 2001 to December 31, 2002. The study was divided into three phases; 1) pre-intervention (November 1-30, 2001) to survey baseline data among participants, 2) intervention (January 1-31, 2002) to establish, develop and conduct the training course, 3) post-intervention (February 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002) to evaluate the effectiveness of the training program, and conduct a workshop for infection control project presentations.
Objectives: To determine whether an education and campaign program would reduce the incidence of pressure sores.
Material And Method: The study was performed in a 1,400-bed teaching hospital in Thailand with a total number of 697patients from 47 wards for a point prevalence study; 1,201 and 1,268 patients from 12 wards to determine whether reduction of pressure sore occurrence would be obtained by an education program.
Results: The point prevalence of pressure sores was 10.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and contamination of an in-house alcohol-based hand rub in a real clinical setting and to compare its effectiveness in bacterial reduction with that of a commercial product.
Material And Method: Effectiveness of the hand rub in bacterial reduction was compared to a commercial product using the modified antiseptic/disinfectant testing method of European Standard (EN 1500) in 12 volunteers. In-house alcohol-based hand rub in 50 clinical wards were serially collected and cultured to determine contamination.
Objective: To evaluate the strategies to improve hand hygiene practices among participants in two university hospitals.
Material And Method: A quasi-experimental study was performed from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2004 at Siriraj Hospital and from January 1, 2004 to July 31, 2004 at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital. The study was divided into three phases; 1) pre-intervention phase to identify factors associated with non-adherence in hand hygiene practices among participants, 2) intervention phase, 3) post-intervention phase to include observations to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on hand hygiene practices among participants.
Objectives: To identify defects in the program on NI in curricula of medical, dental, medical technology and nursing schools. Impacts of the results of the study on the changes of the program were also evaluated
Material And Method: Questionnaires study of all 12, 8, 9 medical, dental, medical technology and 20 of 62 nursing schools. Data were collected and analyzed.
Objective: To study the quality of nosocomial infection control with respect to structure and process.
Material And Method: Data collection by questionnaire and interview administrators and medical personnel in 57 hospitals in Thailand in 2002.
Results: Nosocomial infection control was implemented in all 57 hospitals.
Objective: To study the bacterial contamination of antiseptics and disinfections in-use and the risk factors for contamination.
Material And Method: Bacterial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants was done by culturing in-use solutions. Eight commonly used solutions were studied: alcohol 70%, chlorhexidine 4%, and 0.
Objective: To develop quality indicators for assessing the performance of central sterile supply department. (CSSD).
Material And Method: Quality indicators for sterilization in CSSD were searched by literature review and by current situation analysis by 79 infection control nurses (ICNs) and 83 heads of CSSD.
Objectives: To study the organization and practices in nosocomial infection (NI) control in regional and provincial hospitals.
Material And Method: Data were collected by questionnaires answered by chairpersons of infection control committees (ICC) infection control nurses (ICNs) and link nurses in regional and provincial hospitals.
Results: From April to June 2002, sets of questionnaires were sent to all chair persons of regional and provincial hospitals, 120 infection control nurses and 57 link nurses.
Objective: To study the practice of nosocomial infection (NI) control in district hospitals.
Material And Method: Descriptive study using questionnaires and group discussion.
Results: From February-March 2002, five district hospitals in the northern region of Thailand were randomly enrolled.
Objectives: To examine the effect of an education program and problem solving work group on nursing practices for prevention of needlestick and sharp injury.
Material And Method: A quasi-experimental study design with a control group was conducted at the emergency and labor rooms in Sermngam Hospital, Lampang. All healthcare workers (HCWs) in the emergency and labor room were randomly assigned to the experimental and control group from April 17, 2002 to September 3, 2002.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of education and quality control work group focusing on nursing practices for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
Material And Method: A quasi-experimental study was performed to evaluate the effect of education and quality control work group on prevention of VAP by 18 nurses in the womens' medical ward, Surat Thani Hospital, Thailand. Pre-intervention nursing practices were observed in March, 2002, followed by interventions in April 2002 and two post-tests on nursing practices in May 2002 and July 2002.
Objectives: To evaluate the roles of infection control nurses (ICNs) in regional hospitals and to detect problems, obstacles in practice and needs for support.
Material And Method: A descriptive study by interview and questionnaire survey of 16 ICNs from regional hospitals appling for HA.
Results: From February to April 2002, a study by interview and questionnaires was done in 16 ICNs from 10 regional hospitals applying for HA.
Objective: To study the roles of infection control nurses (ICNs) in provincial hospitals.
Material And Method: Interview using a semi-structured interview form.
Results: Nine hospitals were enrolled by stratified sampling and 11 ICNs were included.
Objective: To evaluate the roles of infection control nurses (ICNs) in university hospitals.
Material And Method: Interviewing 23 ICNs in 6 university hospitals applying for hospital accreditation during March and April 2002.
Results: The ICNs had an average work experience of 11.