Traumatic Posterior Fossa Hematoma, A Rare Entity: Study of 21 Cases.

Traumatic posterior fossa hematoma is a rare entity. Traumatic posterior fossa hematomas are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality and their surgical management remained controversial. From August 2011 to August 2017, approximately 5,100 patients with head injury were managed.

Symptomatic Thoracic Intramedullary Arachnoid Cyst: "A Rare Entity" Report of Two Cases with Short Review of Literature.

Spinal arachnoid cysts are uncommon benign lesions of spine axis and most commonly present as compressive myelopathy. Intramedullary arachnoid cyst is uncommonly seen, hence, not much discussed in literature. Due to rarity of this entity, many questions are yet to be answered and should be addressed properly, particularly related to etiopathogenesis, accustomed course, behavior, differential diagnosis, and the best treatment modality.

Anal Extrusion of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: A Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature.

We report two cases of gastrointestinal perforation by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts and review the literature on the topic. The time interval between shunt surgery and detection of bowel perforation is minimum in infants and increases with age. Sigmoid and transverse colon followed by stomach are the most frequent sites of gastrointestinal perforations by VP shunts.

Spontaneous extradural hematoma: a rare entity.

Spontaneous onset extradural hematoma (EDH) is a very rare entity and has been seen mostly to be associated with adjacent infective pathologies, dural vascular malformations, extradural metastasis, or coagulopathies. We report a series of two such cases and review the literature. One case presented with spontaneous EDH that was managed conservatively and was diagnosed to have chronic kidney disease later; the other had deranged coagulation profile and liver function secondary to drug induced hepatitis and was operated.

Parietal and occipital encephalocele in same child: A rarest variety of double encephalocele.

An encephalocele is a protrusion of the brain and/or meninges through a defect in the skull. Based on the location of the skull defect they are classified into sincipital, basal, occipital or parietal varieties. Occurrence of more than one Encephalocele in a patient is very rare and very few cases of double encephalocele are reported.

Epithelial cyst of the spleen-a rare presentation.

Splenic cysts are rare and epithelial cysts are still rarer. Symptoms emerge because of enlargement, infection, hemorrhage, or ruptures. Traditionally, splenectomy was the treatment of choice.