A Novel Irrigation System to Reduce Heat Generation during Guided Implantology: An In Vitro Study.

The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effectiveness of incorporating a new irrigation system into a surgical guide and monitor its effect on heat generation during implant bed preparation. A total of 48 surgically guided osteotomies were performed on 12 bovine ribs divided into 4 groups, using different irrigation techniques: Group A (test) had entry and exit channels incorporated into the guide; Group B had a similar design with an entry channel only; Group C had conventional external irrigation; and Group D (control) had no irrigation. Heat generation during the osteotomies was measured using thermocouples placed at a depth of 2 mm and 6 mm.

Effects of Two Common Promoter Polymorphisms of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on Breast Cancer Risks in Ahvaz, West South of Iran.

Background: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has a critical role in breast cancer initiation and progression.

Objectives: We have investigated the possible differences in two promoter polymorphisms (-509C/T and -800G/A) of TGF-β1 gene between breast cancer cases and controls.

Patients And Methods: A total of 100 patients with confirmed breast cancer and 100 subjects without breast cancer was selected.