The Relationship between the Clinical Course of SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Expression of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase.

Introduction: Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK), an important element for the production of several inflammatory cytokines, may play a role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. This study aimed to assess BTK gene expression levels in COVID-19 cases based on disease severity and outcome.

Methods: In this study, 33 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were recruited and divided into two groups based on the severity of the disease: "mild to moderate" and "severe to critical".

IgM-enriched immunoglobulin in COVID-19: Case series of 15 severely ill SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.

The healthcare system in Iran, like most around the world, is managing thousands of patients hospitalised with COVID-19. In Iran, in-hospital mortality is in the region of 25%, rising to 50-60% in patients admitted to intensive care. Hyperinflammation, characterised by cytokine storm, appears to be a hallmark of severe COVID-19 and to date only the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone has been shown to reduce mortality in those hospitalised with the disease.

Combination therapy of IFNβ1 with lopinavir-ritonavir, increases oxygenation, survival and discharging of sever COVID-19 infected inpatients.

Interferon Beta-1a (IFN-β1-a), an immunomodulatory mediator with antiviral effects, has shown in vivo and in vitro activities especially on coronavirus including SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 defined as the disease caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. The virus has been illustrated inhibits the production of IFN-β1-a from inflammatory cells.