Combined Short-Long Axis Versus Medial Oblique Axis for Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation: A Prospective Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective(s): Previous literature suggested the advantage of combined short-long axis (CSLA) technique to avoid posterior wall puncture during internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation. The purpose of this study is to define the best ultrasound-guided IJV cannulation technique regarding the success rate in the first trial of insertion, time to successful central line placement, number of attempts, procedural complications, and operator satisfaction.

Design: Single-blinded, prospective randomized clinical trial.

Ferromagnetic order controlled by the magnetic interface of LaNiO/LaCaMnO superlattices.

Interface engineering in complex oxide superlattices is a growing field, enabling manipulation of the exceptional properties of these materials, and also providing access to new phases and emergent physical phenomena. Here we demonstrate how interfacial interactions can induce a complex charge and spin structure in a bulk paramagnetic material. We investigate a superlattice (SLs) consisting of paramagnetic LaNiO (LNO) and highly spin-polarized ferromagnetic LaCaMnO (LCMO), grown on SrTiO (001) substrate.

Ferromagnetism and Superconductivity in CaRuO/YBaCuO Heterostructures.

The deposition of a ferromagnetic layer can affect the properties of high-temperature superconductors underneath. We investigated the influence of ferromagnetic CaRuO on the properties of YBaCuO (YBCO) superconducting thin films when the layers are either in direct contact or separated by a barrier layer of 5 nm SrTiO. Detailed measurements of the magnetic moment of the superconductor and ferromagnet as a function of temperature and magnetic field have been performed using SQUID magnetometry.

Distribution of blackouts in the power grid and the Motter and Lai model.

Carreras, Dobson, and colleagues have studied empirical data on the sizes of the blackouts in real grids and modeled them with computer simulations using the direct current approximation. They have found that the resulting blackout sizes are distributed as a power law and suggested that this is because the grids are driven to the self-organized critical state. In contrast, more recent studies found that the distribution of cascades is bimodal resulting in either a very small blackout or a very large blackout, engulfing a finite fraction of the system.

The Route to Supercurrent Transparent Ferromagnetic Barriers in Superconducting Matrix.

A ferromagnetic barrier thinner than the coherence length in high-temperature superconductors is realized in the multilayers of YBaCuO and LaCaMnO. We used epitaxial growth of YBCO on ⟨110⟩ SrTiO substrates by pulsed laser deposition to prepare thin superconducting films with copper oxide planes oriented at an angle to the substrate surface. Subsequent deposition of LCMO and finally a second YBCO layer produces a superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor trilayer containing an ultrathin ferromagnetic barrier with sophisticated geometry at which the long axis of coherence length ovoid of YBCO is pointing across the LCMO ferromagnetic layer.

Enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of furfural and acetophenone in water media using nano-TiO-SiO deposited on cementitious materials.

In the present study, silicon dioxide (SiO) nanoparticles were loaded to titanium dioxide (TiO) nano-particles by sol-gel method to make a high porosity photocatalyst nano-hybrid. These photocatalysts were synthesized using titanium tetrachloride and tetraethyl orthosilicate as titanium and silicon sources, respectively, and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope methods. Subsequently, the optimizations of the component and operation conditions were investigated.

Laser induced infrared spectral shift of the MgB2:Cr superconductor films.

During illumination of the MgB2:Cr2O3 films it was established substantial spectral shift of the infrared spectra in the vicinity of 20-50cm(-1). The excitations were performed by nanosecond Er:glass laser operating at 1.54μm and by microsecond 10.

Long-range transfer of electron-phonon coupling in oxide superlattices.

The electron-phonon interaction is of central importance for the electrical and thermal properties of solids, and its influence on superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance and other many-body phenomena in correlated-electron materials is the subject of intense research at present. However, the non-local nature of the interactions between valence electrons and lattice ions, often compounded by a plethora of vibrational modes, presents formidable challenges for attempts to experimentally control and theoretically describe the physical properties of complex materials. Here we report a Raman scattering study of the lattice dynamics in superlattices of the high-temperature superconductor YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) (YBCO) and the colossal-magnetoresistance compound La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO(3) that suggests a new approach to this problem.

Prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel or tablets for the induction of labour at term: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of prostaglandin E2 (dinopristone) vaginal gel versus vaginal tablets for the induction of labour at term.

Design: Randomised controlled clinical trial.

Setting:   University maternity hospital in London.

Levels of Omega 3 fatty acids in Australian seafood.

The aim of this study was to determine the quantity of omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids in commonly consumed species of South Australian fish. Omega 3 fatty acids ranged from 17.7% to 53.

Detoxication of the herbicide diuron by Pseudomonas sp.

A strain of bacteria able to detoxicate the herbicide diuron in pure culture was isolated from sites contaminated with different urea herbicides. Diuron was used as a sole source of carbon and energy by this isolate which is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium with a single polar flagellum, and grows at 40 degrees C. The strain has been identified as Pseudomonas sp.

[Pressure-regulated pulmonary ventilation with an inverse ratio of the duration of the inhalation and exhalation phases].

Clinical and physiological effects of pressure-regulated ventilation of the lungs using the inverse rate of inhalation to exhalation (PCV-IR) were studied in two groups of patients. No appreciable advantages of this mode of pulmonary ventilation in comparison with common ("volumic") method were observed in group 1 patients (following open-heart surgery) with moderately expressed respiratory disorders (PaO2/FIO2 = 340c13 and index of lung comprometation 0.7c0.