Biochip-Based Identification of Mycobacterial Species in Russia.

Infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rising globally throughout the world. The number of species isolated from clinical samples is steadily growing, which demands the implementation of a robust diagnostic method with wide specificity. This study was carried out in in 2022-2024 in three clinical antituberculosis centers in the biggest cities of Russia: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Novosibirsk.

[Validation of screening method based on EEG analysis for the risk assessment of psychiatric and behavioral disorders: a pilot study].

Objective: To assess the validity of the screening method based on EEG analysis using predictive analytics algorithms with the calculation of linear discriminant functions (LDFs), in comparison with a classification system based on psychometric self-report scales.

Material And Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study with partial blinding involving healthy volunteers was conducted at two investigational sites. The calculated scores of LDFs used to assess risks of impulsivity, depression and anxiety acted as quantitative characteristics of subjects' mental state.

A multifaceted interplay between virulence, drug resistance, and the phylogeographic landscape of .

Latin-American Mediterranean (LAM) family is one of the most significant and global genotypes of . Here, we used the murine model to study the virulence and lethality of the genetically and epidemiologically distinct LAM strains. The pathobiological characteristics of the four LAM strains (three drug resistant and one drug susceptible) and the susceptible reference strain H37Rv were studied in the C57BL/6 mouse model.

Environmental assessment of oyster beds in the northern Arabian Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates.

The United Arab of Emirates (UAE) hosts valuable coastal and marine biodiversity, and oysters are one of the habitants of its marine ecosystem. Oysters play an essential role in the nearshore coasts where they work as an active filter. They filter nutrients, phytoplankton, sediments, heavy metals, and toxins out of the water, which improves the water quality.

Insight into Population Structure and Drug Resistance of Pediatric Tuberculosis Strains from China and Russia Gained through Whole-Genome Sequencing.

This study aimed to determine phenotypic and genotypic drug resistance patterns of strains from children with tuberculosis (TB) in China and Russia, two high-burden countries for multi/extensively-drug resistant (MDR/XDR) TB. Whole-genome sequencing data of isolates from China ( = 137) and Russia ( = 60) were analyzed for phylogenetic markers and drug-resistance mutations, followed by comparison with phenotypic susceptibility data. The Beijing genotype was detected in 126 Chinese and 50 Russian isolates.

Transgender population in the Russian Federation: diversity and trends.

This report presents socio-demographic data of gender incongruent patients, searching for gender affirming medical care (GAMC) in Russia by retrospective medical records analysis of patients. Data of 1117 patients were included in the analysis. Over the period from 2014 to 2021, there was a significant increase in the number of applications (+123.

Molecular Insight into Resistance to Nitrofuranyl Amides Gained through Metagenomics-like Analysis of Spontaneous Mutants.

We performed synthesis of new nitrofuranyl amides and investigated their anti-TB activity and primary genetic response of mycobacteria through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of spontaneous resistant mutants. The in vitro activity was assessed on reference strain H37Rv. The most active compound was used for in vitro selection of spontaneous resistant mutants.

The role of platelet glycoprotein IIb / IIIa inhibitors in current treatment of acute coronary syndrome.

Current management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) includes a dual antiplatelet therapy with acetylsalicylic acid and a platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. For patients without a high risk of bleeding, prasugrel and ticagrelor are preferred, since their effect is more pronounced, less dependent on metabolism of a specific patient, and occurs faster that the effect of clopidogrel. The prescription rate of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP IIb / IIIa) receptor inhibitors has considerably decreased.

[The problem of the use of hormonal therapy aimed for sex correction by transgender persons on their own initiative].

Background: In recent years, the demand for feminizing and masculinizing hormone therapy has increased significantly among transgender people around the world. There are no such studies in Russia and the amount of medical information on the transgender population is limited.

Aim: to assess the number of transgender patients who take hormone therapy without a doctor's prescription and to characterize the medicines they use.

Practical approach to detection and surveillance of emerging highly resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing 1071-32-cluster.

Ancient sublineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype is endemic and prevalent in East Asia and rare in other world regions. While these strains are mainly drug susceptible, we recently identified a novel clonal group Beijing 1071-32 within this sublineage emerging in Siberia, Russia and present in other Russian regions. This cluster included only multi/extensive drug resistant (MDR/XDR) isolates.

Extremely lethal and hypervirulent strain cluster emerging in Far East, Russia.

strains of the early ancient sublineage of the Beijing genotype are mostly drug susceptible and mainly circulate in East Asia. We have recently discovered two clusters of this sublineage emerging in the Asian part of Russia (VNTR-defined 1071-32 and 14717-15 types) and, to our surprise, both were strongly MDR/XDR-associated. Here, we evaluated their pathogenic features.

Role of antimicrobial peptides system in inflammatory periodontal diseases non-specific oral cavity protection.

The system of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) is one of the most ancient mechanisms of the macroorganism resistance to infectious pathogens invasion. The aim of the study was to determine the role of the antimicrobial peptides system and periodontal pathogenic markers in the development and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Gingival pocket washes (91 samples in total) for the research were received from patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases (chronic periodontitis and gingivitis) and intact periodontium.

[The implementation of complex of measures targeting support of patient-oriented principle under organization of paid medical services].

To ensure financial stability of state medical organization in actual conditions requires focused consideration of various aspects of implementation of paid medical services in national health care. The analysis of publications demonstrated that experience of variety of models for providing paid medical care in state medical organizations and new directions of improving efficiency, availability and quality of medical services are mainly considered. The specificity of medical activity is conditioned by consumer-oriented activities because of direct relationship to life and health of patients.

[Immunohistochemical study of Ki-67, p53 and Notch1 expressions in prostate cancer of different grades].

Objective: To determine the prognostic value of the expression of Ki-67, p53, and Notch1 in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Material And Methods: Surgical and diagnostic materials obtained from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, and prostate cancer of different grades underwent studies; a total of 98 patients were examined. Cell antigens were determined using rabbit anti-Ki-67 monoclonal antibodies (Clone SP6), mouse anti-p53 monoclonal antibodies (Clone Y5), and recombinant anti-Notch1 antibodies (Clone EP1238Y).

[Discriminant EEG analysis for differential diagnosis of schizophrenia. Methodological aspects].

Background: A search for accurate linear discriminant function (LDF) allowing the diagnosis of schizophrenia and estimation of treatment effectiveness according to EEG is an urgent problem.

Objective: To develop a methodology for discriminant EEG analysis for minimizing the overlearning effect, selection of optimal LDF model and evaluation of its generalizing ability.

Material And Methods: Two hundred and twenty patients with schizophrenia and 1400 people without psychiatric diseases, who were comparable in basic characteristics, were enrolled.

Increased transmissibility of Russian successful strain Beijing B0/W148 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Indirect clues from history and demographics.

The local situation with tuberculosis (TB) is shaped by the complex interplay of multiple factors related to both human host and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We hypothesized that TB epidemiology in the rural regions in the Soviet Union was impacted by construction of the Gulag camps and significant incoming migration. This molecular M.

[Polyphenolic compounds of the stilbenoid class: classification, representatives, content in plant raw materials, structural features, use in the food industry and pharmacy].

Nowadays, more than 300 representatives of stilbenoids are known - a group of natural, synthetic and semi-synthetic biologic active substances, according to the chemical structure belonging to the group of polyphenolic compounds - phenylpropanoids. Representatives of this group of compounds can be detected in such classes of plants as gymnosperms, angiosperms, bryophytes and pteridophyte. The main food sources are the fruits of grapes, blueberries, blueberries, peanuts, cocoa.