[Internal fistulas of bile ducts caused by cholelithiasis].

Operative treatment of 41 patients is analysed. It is shown that internal fistulas of the bile tract are severe complications of cholelithiasis. Late detection and treatment of diseases of the biliary system is the main cause of formation of the fistulas.

[Decompression of the intestine in peritonitis in children].

On the basis of the experience with the use of different methods of intestinal decompression in 56 children with severe peritonitis of appendicular genesis, the authors came to conclusion that intubation of the small intestine via a cecostomy is safe, technically simple, convenient for the care, provides reliable intestinal decompression, do not require the reoperation.

[Treatment of late appendicular infiltrates in children].

Late appendicular infiltration was observed in 23 children during 10 years. The authors make a conclusion that the use of bdellotherapy in children with late appendicular infiltration gives considerably better results of treatment as compared with the routine one. The absence of an effect of using leeches for appendicular infiltration may be used as an additional symptom of the infiltrate abscess formation.

[Myoglobin and nickel in the blood of patients in the acute period of myocardial infarct].

The content of blood nickel and myoglobin was studied in 25 patients with macrofocal and transmural myocardial infarction during the acute stage. It was established that acute myocardial infarction results in an increase of the content of nickel and myoglobin in the blood of these patients. The diagnostic importance of these examinations is discussed.

[Characteristics of the contractile reactions of rhythmically active vascular smooth muscles in spontaneously hypertensive rats undergoing hyperoxygenation and the role of the endothelium in their development].

Experiments on isolated preparations of the portal vein from healthy and spontaneously hypertensive rats have revealed that removal of the endothelium has no influence on hyperoxygenation-induced increase in the contractile activity of vascular smooth muscles (VSM). It is also shown that VSM from hypertensive rats demonstrate higher sensitivity to hyperoxygenation than VSM from healthy rats. Results of the study confirm a supposition that contractile effect of hyperoxygenation on VSM is realized mainly via direct influence of oxygen on plasma membranes of VSM and increase of the membrane permeability for extracellular Ca2+.

[Cellular mechanisms of transitory smooth muscle contraction of the coronary arteries during hypoxia: role of intracellular Ca2+].

In experiments on isolated porcine and canine coronary artery rings it was shown that vascular smooth muscle (VSM) during hypoxia (decreasing bath PO2 with 147 to 20-15 mm Hg) response to biphasic constriction-dilation reaction. Transient hypoxic contractions (THC) of VSM preserved completely in Ca2+-free solution and partially (up 50-60%) in the presence of Ca2+-channel blockers, but abolished by procaine. THC of VSM skinned by saponin significantly depressed at depletion of Ca2+-store sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by caffeine nd abolished after SR destruction.

[Stages of appendicular peritonitis in children].

In compensated stage of peritonitis in children, the degree I endotoxicosis, hyperdynamic type of circulation without impairment in the immune status were revealed. In subcompensated stage of peritonitis, the degree II endotoxicosis, normodynamic type of circulation were noted. The values of the indices of the cellular link of immunity were at the lower normal limit.

[Magnesium ions and contractile activity of vascular smooth muscle cells in hypoxia].

In isolated smooth muscle of the rat portal vein removal of Mg2+ from perfusate induced rapid enhancement of frequency and amplitude of spontaneous contractions and decreased inhibiting effect of hypoxia on the smooth muscle contractile activity. Concomitant elevation of extracellular Ca2+ has no additional protective effect on the smooth muscle in hypoxia. Ten-fold lowering of Mg2+ content in buffer solution resulted in a significant rise in the tension of the smooth muscle activated by Ca2+.

[Superoxide dismutase activity and methemoglobin content of human and animal erythrocytes].

In healthy newborn babies, superoxide dismutase activity and MetHb content of the erythrocytes are higher than those in adult subjects. It was also demonstrated that low activity of superoxide dismutase in guinea pigs, albino mice and teleost fish Coregonus autumnalis (in autumn period) is paralleled by a higher level of MetHb. On the contrary, high enzymic activity in albino rats and C.

[Cellular mechanisms of hypoxic coronary spasm].

Transient hypoxic contraction (THC) of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) of isolated human, canine and porcine coronary artery rings was preserved in Ca2+--free solution and abolished with procaine. The data obtained suggest that the THC of the coronary VSM is mediated via a Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum under the effect of inositol-1,4, 5-triphosphate and may be triggered by action of endogenous noradrenaline on alpha 1-adrenoceptors. The mechanism of beta-adrenergic relaxation was not actualized in the hypoxia because of uncoupling of the beta-adrenoceptors from adenylate cyclase.

[Fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products in the blood of acute myocardial infarct patients at the hospital rehabilitation stage].

An enzyme immunoassay was used for a study of the time course of the content of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and free hemoglobin (fHg) in the blood of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during uncomplicated hospital rehabilitation. A considerable increase in the levels of FDP in the blood serum and fHg in the blood plasma of the AMI patients were noted. These levels were particularly high on the 6-12th day of rehabilitation with further fluctuations on the 22-24th day from the beginning of disease resulting from an increase of the patients' motor activity during rehabilitation which might cause the depletion of endothelial reserves of fibrinolysis activators and an increase in thrombinemia, however changes in the content of FDP and fHg in the blood were more likely associated with DIC-syndrome inherent fluctuations in the system of hemostasis.